Crypteronium ( lat. Crypteroniaceae ) - a family of flowering plants of the order Myrtaceae ( lat. Myrtales ). Contains 3 genera and about 20 species.
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Crypteroniaceae DC. | |||||||||||||||||
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Crypteronia - Crypteronia | |||||||||||||||||
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Content
Range
Representatives of the family live in the Indomalai zone , where they live in tropical rainforests . The genus Axinandra contains 6 species, one of which grows in Sri Lanka ( Axinandra zeylanica ), the other - on the island of Kalimantan and the Malay Peninsula . Crypteronia ( Crypteronia ) includes 16 species that are common from eastern India , in Southeast Asia and southern China , to the Malay Peninsula , Indonesia and New Guinea . Dactylocladus is represented by the only species that grows in forests in the lowland peat bogs of Kalimantan Island.
Botanical Description
Family species - evergreen trees and shrubs . Leaves on short petioles and, like all myrrhaceae, are opposite. Leaf blades are simple, leathery. Stipules very small or absent.
Flowers in axillary brushes , ears and panicles . The flowers are bisexual or unisexual, if they are unisexual, then the plant is dioecious . Small flowers have radial symmetry , usually 4-5 membered. There is hypanthium . All representatives have sepals , and crypteronia is absent. 4, 5, or rarely 6 fertile free stamens are arranged in one circle, and for Axinandra, the stamens are arranged in two circles, 5 free stamens in each. Anthers are small in size. Carpels grow together above or below the ovary .
Fruit - a box containing 50-100 seeds . Small seeds are wingless or have membranous wing-like appendages.
Family Relations
Morphological studies, supported by recent studies on chloroplast DNA , have shown that crypteronia are closest to small myrtle families, such as Penaeaceae from South Africa and Alzateaceae from Central and South America . It is assumed that a common ancestor of these families arose in the west of Gondwana in the Cretaceous period . The crypteronians moved north with India after the collapse of the supercontinent, and the three genera of the family differentiated before the clash between India and Asia . Then they spread from India to the rainforests of Southeast Asia.
Taxonomy
The Crypteron family contains 23 species:
- Axinandra [2]
- Axinandra alata
- Axinandra beccariana
- Axinandra borneensis
- Axinandra coriacea
- Axinandra maingayi
- Axinandra zeylanica
- Crypteronia typus - Crypteronia [3]
- Crypteronia affinis
- Crypteronia borneensis
- Crypteronia cumingii
- Crypteronia elegans
- Crypteronia glabra
- Crypteronia glabriflora
- Crypteronia griffithii
- Crypteronia hookeri
- Crypteronia javanica
- Crypteronia laxa
- Crypteronia leptostachya
- Crypteronia lutea
- Crypteronia macrophylla
- Crypteronia paniculata
- Crypteronia pubescens
- Crypteronia wallichii
- Dactylocladus [4]
- Dactylocladus stenostachys
Notes
- ↑ For the conventionality of specifying the class of dicotyledons as a superior taxon for the plant group described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Dicotyledonous article .
- ↑ Axinandra on the TPL website
- ↑ Crypteronia on the TPL website
- ↑ Dactylocladus on the TPL website
Literature
- Conti, E., Erikkson, T., Schonenberger, J., Sytsma, KJ, & Baum, DA (2002). Early Tertiary Out-of-India Dispersal of Crypteroniaceae: Evidence from Phylogeny and Molecular Dating. Evolution 56 (10): 1931-1942.
- Haining Qin & Anthony R. Brach: Crypteroniaceae in der Flora of China , Volume 13, 2007, S. 292: Online.