Ivan Petrovich Borozdna ( November 27 [ December 9 ], 1804 , Chernihiv province - December 7 [19], 1858 , Chernihiv province ) - Russian poet and translator.
| Ivan Petrovich Borozdna | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | November 27 ( December 9 ) 1804 |
| Place of Birth | Medvedovo , Starodubsky district , Chernihiv province |
| Date of death | December 7 (19), 1858 (54 years old) |
| Place of death | Medvedovo , Starodubsky district , Chernihiv province |
| Citizenship (citizenship) | |
| Occupation | poet , translator |
| Language of Works | |
Biography
Came from a noble family of Furrows . His father, Pyotr Ivanovich Borozdna (1765–1820), the povet marshal (leader of the nobility) [1] , was the grandson of the general Buncheon Zaporizhzhya army and officially became a Russian nobleman by decree of Catherine II of May 3, 1783. His brother, Nikolai Petrovich Borozdna , was the Smolensk governor .
He was born and spent his childhood on his father’s estate (the village of Medvedovo, Starodubsky district, Chernihiv province, now Klintsovsky district of the Bryansk region). He was educated at the Noble Guesthouse at Moscow University in 1819-1823. Under the influence of his teachers, A.F. Merzlyakov and I.I. Davydov , he took up translations. He translated ancient Roman (from Latin), French, Swiss (German-speaking), English and Scottish (English-speaking) poets. Borozdna translated some English-language authors from their translations into French. The writing of the earliest of them dates back to 1821. Since 1823, after settling in Medvedovo [2] , he published his translations in the magazines of Moscow (“ Vestnik Evropy ”, “ Moscow Telegraph ”) and Petersburg (“ Literary leaflets ”, “ Son of the Fatherland ”, “ Competitor ”, “Slav” ), in the newspapers "Literature News", Literary additions to the " Russian disabled person ".
Borozdna’s poems are included in the anthology of Russian translations of the French elegy, prepared by V. E. Vatsuro : 12 translations of Borozdna from N. Gilbert , E. Parni , S. Milvois and A. Lamartine .
In 1828, S. T. Aksakov was given censorship permission to publish the collection of experiments in verse (Moscow, 1828); On March 15, 1829, Borozdnu was accepted into the actual members of the Society of Russian Literature Lovers [3] . In fact, following the release of "Experiments in Poems," Borozdna published (1829) only one translation, an excerpt from Lamartine's poem "The Death of Socrates." This was followed by the illness and death of his wife [4] and a severe mental crisis. It was only in the second half of 1830 that he began to write, but these were already original poems, of which the second collection was compiled - “Lira” (Moscow: type A. Semyon under the Imp. Medical Surgeon. Acad., 1834). In 1834, Borozdna fulfilled his long-standing desire to make a trip to Russia: he traveled to Little Russia, Novorossiya, and Crimea, the memoirs of which he devoted to his poetic essays of Ukraine, Odessa and Crimea, written in the form of twelve letters to Count V. P. Zavadovsky . Most of them were written in the village of Medvedovo.
Then were published "Letters in Verses" (Moscow: type. S. Selivanovsky, 1837), "Rays and Shadows" (Moscow: type. Gauthier and Monighetti, B. A. Semen, 1847). The name of the last collection refers to the collection of "Twilight" by Baratynsky, which is noted in the preface. In prose, he wrote the Little Russian legend "Golden Mountain".
Yasinsky wrote about the death of I.P. Borozdna. When the program of peasant reform was adopted on December 4, 1858, developed by Y. I. Rostovtsev and which provided for the possibility of redemption of land allotment to peasants and the creation of peasant public administration bodies, not everyone agreed with it.
The landlords gathered at each other and shot the royal portraits. <...> News came to Pochep about the fate of our godfather Ivan Petrovich Borozdna. On the day of the announcement of the liberation manifesto [ sic ] he gathered his most beautiful maids in the bathroom, with bowls of sparkling wine, ordered them to recite their favorite poems in chorus, sat in hot water, discovered his veins and died. To friends and acquaintances, he prepared a series of letters with the only phrase: “I’m leaving for the afterlife, like a Roman.”
Notes
- ↑ Furrows // New Encyclopedic Dictionary : In 48 volumes (29 volumes were published). - SPb. , Pg. , 1911-1916.
- ↑ In 1855, there were 990 souls of peasants and about 10,000 acres of land. In addition, Borozdny had a Stodolsky estate near the village of Klintsy, 30 versts from Medvedov.
- ↑ Borozdna was accepted into full members somewhat earlier than A.S. Pushkin and E.A. Baratynsky , with whom he was friends, elected on December 23, 1829
- ↑ September 28, 2001, monuments were found from the graves of the poet and his wife. On her monument there is an inscription: “The ashes of Nadezhda Lvovna Borozdna, nee Nikiforova, born on 1809 June 10 days in the New Village of the Tver province, died February 17 days 1830 in the village Stadol of the Chernigov province” are buried here and a poetic epitaph.
Literature
- Borozdna Ivan Petrovich // Russian Biographical Dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.
- Borozdna Ivan Petrovich // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.