Odessa tram

Summer and main routes

Routes number 3, 10, 13, 18, 20, 26, 27 also work at night . In this case, routes number 3, 10, 27 go on the modified routes ^[6] .

Additional routes

№ 3k 2nd st. Lyustdorfskoy road - Railway Station

• Introduced once a year on the farewell .

No. 14, I. Rabina - Railway Station

• Regular traffic closed in 1997. Used for flights as directed by a dispatcher. Present at official schemes.

№ 16 Kulikovo field - 6 tbsp. B. Fontana

• Regular traffic closed in 1997. Used for flights as directed by a dispatcher. Present at official schemes. It was used on an ongoing basis during the overhaul of the line to the Great Fountain in 2009.

In the center

• Sofievskaya-Preobrazhenskaya: Leads (from North to South) from Peresypskaya - the final one, to Preobrazhensky Park (formerly Ilyich Park ), where it branches into the following directions:
  • Moldavanka / Far Mills (west);
  • to the Near Mills, Cheryomushki, Tairova / Lyustdorf (South)
• Staroportofrankovskaya - Panteleimonovskaya: (from North to South) passes along the historical line of Porto Franco , that is, along the historical border of Duty Free Trade in Odessa
• Tiraspol: from Tiraspol Square (middle of Preobrazhenskaya street) to the middle of Staroportofrankovskaya street.
• Route 15, in the Center on the streets of Nezhinskaya, Dvoryanskaya, Lutheran Lane, then Moldavanka and Slobodka.

Black Sea Coast

East / Southeast suburb of the city:

• Route 28, from Shevchenko Park to the Theater of Musical Comedy, where it turns west towards the center to Panteleymonovskaya Street.
• The route is continued by trams number 4 and 5, turning right from Panteleimonovskaya to the south, along French Boulevard, then along Pionerskaya and Novoarkadiyskaya streets to the final stop in Arcadia .
• Fontanskaya highway, routes 17 and 18. At first, it runs farther from the sea than the route 5, but parallel to it, along Kanatnaya Street, Gagarin Avenue and Fontanskaya Road. Starting from the 9th station of the Big Fountain (B.F.) passes quite close to the coast. The final 17th route is at the 11th station B.F., the 18th - at the 16th station. What is interesting, only in the short section of the street. Kostandi before turning on the street. Garshina from the window of the tram you can see the sea. Continues single-track route 19 to the 411th Battery Memorial.

Moldavanka, Slobidka, Long Mills

To the west and southwest from the center:

• Depot "Commodity" routes 11,12
• Prokhorovskaya-Dalnitskaya, route 21
• Route 15, goes along Graodachalnitskaya Street, then along the descent of Oleinik to the intersection with Balkovskaya Street, then makes the “Inner Ring” along the streets of Slobodka.
• Kolontaevskaya, Indirect, and the ring at the bus station (earlier - at the Starokonnogo Market ), route 5
• Balkovskaya and Far Mills, route 30. In the Far Mills “duet” from the 11th, closed in April 2008.

Cheryomushki - Tairova - Chernomorka - Fishing Port

To the south from the city center: from the train. Station along the water pipe, and Lustdorfskaya road. Chernomorka settlement is part of the city.

• it is connected with the central line through the Novoshchepnaya series, which leads directly to the Ilyich park.
• It has a branch to near Mills (route 10) after 2 km from the beginning, the route to the near Mills is long, with frequent turns and stops. It turns out further to Cheryomushki.
• reversal ring at the 2nd station of the Lyustdorf road (back-up)
• a branch to Ulyanovka (route 13) at the 5th station of the Lyustdorfskaya road to the south-western terminus of the 13th route 3 stops.
• the reversal ring at the 11th station of the Lyustdorf road (end of the 26th route)
• between the 14th and 15th stations in Chernomorka is a small single track section regulated by a traffic light.

The final route of the 3rd and 31st routes is located in Chernomorka (earlier the 29th), then the route continues to route 27. Turning 90 degrees relative to the route itself - along ul. Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, goes from the Lyustdorf knot to the Fish Port ( v . Burlachya Balka ).

Of the few structures that have survived in Chernomorka, only some remnants of history have survived to this day: Administrative building of the tram depot, substation (today these structures are in a slightly disfigured form are used as residential buildings), the bridge over the beam is almost on the seashore, but almost preserved in relatively good condition, remnants of rails leading to the beach, a couple of supports of the COP.

Attraction along route 27 is the elite village of Sauvignon.

Line to the Khadzhibey estuary

Route 20 travels from the final Peresypsky Bridge to the north-west. The route route with frequent turns and many stops. The duration of the trip is from 20 to 25 minutes. On the last straight line, on the one side of the tram tracks, there is a bog (filtration fields (biological treatment) of the Infoksvodokanal of the Khadzhibeevskaya Peresyp , and Zhevakhov Mountain ), on the other, the west - the settlement. Small Kuyalnik ( Suvorov district ) and with. Usatovo on a hill. There are several Belgian stops on the line. Among the local population, the name of the 20th route is popular as the “Reed tram” due to the fact that on a large stretch of the line it passes by filtration fields that are abundantly covered with reeds, which grows right next to the tramway.
The end point of the tram route is the beaches and sanatorium of the Khadzhibeevsky resort (see Khadzhibey estuary ). From the final stop on the bypass ( E 58 ) at 3.75 km are located Nerubayskie catacombs .

Luzanovka - Kotovsky Settlement - Tsentrolit Factory

To the north from the center: from the ultimate Peresypsky Bridge. The track as a whole has the shape of a straight line. It runs along the streets of Moscow (now the Black Sea Cossacks), Nikolayevskaya Road and Dobrovolsky Avenue. Further, beyond the city limits - to the Tsentrolit plant. To date, no branches.

• Active rings on Luzanovka, on Paustovsky Street and at Tsentrolit.
• Inactive service ring on the Fairground, halfway from Peresyp to Luzanovka.
• A rather unusual track ramification on the ultimate Peresypsky Bridge.

J.-D. Station ( Starosennaya Square )

• Is the ultimate routes going to Tairovo and Chernomorka (13, 26, 31, 27 routes).
• Of the final 11th, going to Tovarnaya Ploschad (previously reached Far-away Mills, but due to the North-South highway, it was cut off to Stepovaya street, and the ways to Far-Down Mills were dismantled in 2009).
• Intermediate stop of the 3rd route in both directions and the 10th route going to the City Center (on the way back 10 does not stop at Starosennaya Square).

The final 11th is located in the same place as the 3rd and 10th stop. There is Depot No. 1 across the road from there, so there are connecting paths.

Tiraspol Square

It is located approximately in the middle of Preobrazhenskaya street.

• Routes of routes 3, 4, 12 pass through it.
• Routes 10, 15, and 21 turn through her paths. Only route 10 goes along Preobrazhenskaya to the South. Both the 15th and the 21st are on completely different tracks.
• The final 10th route is combined with a stop 3, 12th
• The final 15th walking to Slobodka is on Nezhinskaya Street
• The final 21st that goes along the Prokhorovskaya-Dalnitskaya highway is located on Tiraspolskaya Street.

Pouring (Kherson Square)

It is located north of the center, connected with the Sofievskaya-Preobrazhenskaya highway, the Marinesko descent.

• The final route No. 20, 3, 4 is combined with the final stop of route No. 12 and stop No. 22 (in the direction of Luzanovka). Nearby is the stop of the route number 22, following in the direction of the Sloboda market.
• There was also a final route 30, before it was closed. There are connecting paths that are also used to communicate with Depot No. 2.
  • Route 20 - goes to Khadzhibey
  • The 22nd was passing along Balkovskaya Street - then on Slobodka, it operated from 2002 to 2004. Restored to summer time from July 11, 2015 on the route Sloboda Market - Luzanovka with a stop in Kherson Square.
  • The 30th passed the entire tramway of Balkovskaya Street, then turned onto Far Mills, as the rails lead. The route has been closed since April 16, 2008, the line has been dismantled due to the construction of the North-South expressway.

Peresypsky Bridge

The final route going to the village Kotovsky, located north relative to the Peresypskaya final, on the other side of the railway bridge. It is connected with the Peresypskaya ultimate - an unusual way. This is also required for the supply of wagons from Depot No. 2.

Kulikovo Field

The ultimate all routes of the Fontan Route. It has a rather complicated track development, as it is connected with Panteleymonovskaya street. By Panteleimon trams make flights to / from Depot No. 1. Until 1984, the route was shorter, but due to the construction of the New Department Store, part of the service routes were destroyed. Therefore, trams use most of the street Panteleimonovskaya, then left on Staroportofrankovskaya, and on the Novoshchepny series. Also through it passed the route number 23, canceled October 3, 2014.

Art. Commodity

For a long time was a node, since, in addition to the existing directions today:

• to the Center, along Lazarev Street, Mechnikov
• On Far Mills on the street. Melnitskaya,

there were also paths along Stepovaya Street, which once were an offshoot from the Prokhorovskaya-Dalnitskaya highway. In 1970-1980-s - these paths were used as official, as well as spare during repair of the street Prokhorovskaya, and sometimes some of the central routes.

• Located next to the former Depot No. 3, now it is a depot of the service of the path and the CPM.
• Is the ultimate for routes number 11,12.

Today, the network of the Odessa tram is served by two depot.

Depot No. 1

Located on Vodoprovnaya street, 1, near the railway station. Until 1924, it was called Richelieu, in 1924-1998 it bore the name of V.I. Lenin.

• Serves routes 3, 5, 10, 11, 13, 17, 18, 19, 21, 26, 27, 28, 31
• Initially, Tatra T3SU wagons with accession numbers 2945 ... 3155, 4001 ... 4046, 4048, Tatra-YUG 7001, and K-1 were assigned to it. In addition, after the redistribution of the farm to depot No. 1, there were some cars transferred from depot No. 2, and the wagons 2967 and 2996 originally listed at depot No. 1 were transferred to depot No. 2 after modernization.
• It was altered from a narrow to a wide rut in 1933-1960. In 1935, the V box for the maintenance of wide gauge railcars was completed (as a result of this expansion, the depot was swallowed by the previously existing Tram Alley).
• Since the first delivery of cars in the Soviet era, all new types of cars start operating in the tram depot number 1.
• It remained the only one in force during the defense and occupation of Odessa in 1941-1944.

Depot No. 2

Located in the 1st Field Lane, 1, in the historical district of Slobodka-Romanovka, which received the first name - "Slobodskoye". In the years 1966-1998 was called the October tram depot.

• Serves routes 1, 6, 7, 8, 12, 15, 20, 21, 22
• Initially, Tatra T3SU wagons with accession numbers 3156-3339 were assigned to it, after the depot closure named after them. Ilyich - also 4046-4089, some cars of the 1018-1049 series (transferred from Moscow and Mariupol), 1051-1056 series (transferred from Dneprodzerzhinsk), 5001-5020 (transferred from Moscow), but subsequently, after multiple transmissions and write-offs, the series lost integrity. In autumn 2011, all the remaining cars, with the exception of two service cars, were withdrawn to depot No. 1.
• Repeatedly preserved in its history, turning into a storage area for defective cars. It was put into operation after the Great Patriotic War in 1953, but did not serve passenger cars until it was altered on a broad gauge.
• It was altered on a wide rut in 1954-55.
• Reconstructed in the 1980s with a major overhaul of boxes and the completion of a new domestic building.
• Since 2015, it serves again routes 1, 6, 7, 8, 12, 15, 20, 21, 22, and also deals with the modernization of cars.

Depot them. Ilyich

Located on Alekseevskaya (January Uprising) area near the so-called. "Grand Station", because of what was called the Bolshevokzalny. Since 1925, called the tram depot them. Ilyich. Unlike depot number 1 and 2, built a dead end.

• Closed in 1998.
• Initially, Tatra T3SU wagons with accession numbers 4001-4089 and some of the 1035-1049 series wagons (transferred from Moscow) were assigned to it.
• Tangled on a wide gauge in 1962-1974, as of 2013, the only narrow-gauge track with a viewing pit in box III (used for car repairs) remains.
• Restored after the Great Patriotic War in 1948-1949. In 1946–52, a freight service was housed in the intact part of the depot.
• It remained the last to operate narrow-gauge wagons (up to 05/01/1971) and trains from two-axle wagons (up to 01/14/1987).
• The depot territory is currently occupied by the repair service of the track and facilities and the car repair workshops on the territory of which, in 2014, the production of partially low-floor trams for the needs of OdessGorelektrotrans began.

As of February 2019, the passenger car fleet consists of 223 units, 174 of which are in service, the service car fleet has 21 units, 18 of which are in service ^[11] .

At the moment, the fare is 5 hryvnia. There are monthly tickets for travel, as well as tickets for 7,10,15 days or a quarter ^[12] .

History of change in fare

In 1994-1998 travel by tram was free (as was the case with the rest of the city electric transport). This caused a decline in the work of the enterprise, the lack of deliveries of new rolling stock, a reduction in the production of trams on the line, the closure of routes No. 2, 6, 8, 9, 12, 14, 16, 21 (later restored).

From 01.02.1999 - 30 kopecks ^[13] .

From June 01, 2000 - 50 kopecks ^[14] .

From 01.12.2008 - 1 hryvnia ^[15] .

From 01.07.2011 - 1 hryvnia 25 kopecks ^[16] .

From 01.11.2011 - 1 hryvnia 50 kopecks ^[17] .

From 01.06.2015 - 2 hryvnia.

From 10/01/2016 - 3 hryvnia.

From 01.12.2018 - 5 hryvnia

See also Odessa Konka

Odessa tram was built by the project of the Belgian society. On April 26, 1882, a steam tram line was opened, generally corresponding to the current route 18. The length of the line was 4,605 ​​fathoms or 9.8 km. Along the line, 16 stations were established, the numbering of which later became generally accepted for all types of urban transport. The steam tram was closed in 1913, but later worked for some time in the period of 1920–22. ^[8] .

The project of the electric tram was approved by the Odessa City Council in 1908. At the same time, construction began. The first lines were launched in 1910 . The new construction was mainly concentrated on the contact network and the traction substations, because the bulk of the lines ran along the existing lines of the horse trail belonging to the same Belgian society. Like the Konka lines, the tram lines had no numbers. There were only names that coincided with the names of the streets along which the tram routes passed.

In 1910, an electric tram appeared in Odessa. The writers, who were eyewitnesses to this event, made a pictorial image of the grand opening of the tram traffic. This is how Yuri Olesha described it:

“The tram appeared on the Strogonov Bridge, yellow-red, with a glass vestibule in front. Under our cries, he passed by us with a vestibule filled with people, among whom was some kind of high-ranking priest who sprinkled water in front of him. In the same place, the mayor Tolmachyov in glasses and with a reddish mustache. Behind the office was a gentleman in a bowler hat, and everyone said his name: - Legode. It was the director of the Belgian company ... "

Thus, an electric motor came to replace the horse , and the driver was replaced by drivers, conductors. Tram drivers in Odessa was called Whatman paper. Interestingly, the same name (Wattman, from watt is a unit of power and man is a man) was common in Belgium. It is possible that it was from the Belgians who built the tram that the inhabitants of Odessa borrowed this word. According to another version, the word "paperman" comes from the English Watchman (sentinel, watchman): the tram driver really has to be attentive, like a sentry or watchman, and he worked in the past while standing, without sitting. This word and owes its name to the lane near the depot number 1 - Watmansky .

The first line of the Odessa tram

The first operating line of the Odessa electric tram was the exhibition line. It was built under an additional agreement between the city government and the Belgian society. Construction began on May 25 (Art. Art.) 1910, and ended by September 11 (old style). The line was built as the first demonstration line for the opening of the trade and industrial exhibition in 1910, but it turned out to be the first one to function.

It operated from 1910 to 1911 and passed through the following streets. Greek Square - Greek - Rope - Sabansky per. - Main Alley of the Alexander Park - Langeron .

The first tram cars

The first tram cars were manufactured according to the technical specifications approved by the Odessa City Government in 1908, with the participation of the engineers of the tram electric department of the city council A.V. Gusev and V.A. Volovikovsky. In 1910, 11 wagons were manufactured by the Société Anonyme des Ateliers de Godarville (No. 1-10, 12).

The cars for Odessa were not particularly different from most of the motor cars of the time. Like all the cars of that time, the first Odessa trams were bilateral . Each site was equipped with a controller , a driver brake valve and a handbrake . On lines with dead-end, single motor carriages were operated; others, as a rule, were served by trains from the motor and trailer.

The driver's seat appeared only in the 1920s and was issued to the driver before the shift, along with the controller handle and crowbar. To protect electrical equipment from overloads and short circuits, a circuit breaker was installed on one of the sites, a switch on the other and a fuse on the car roof.

The cars were equipped with safety grids of mechanical action - when an obstacle hit the front panel, the grid fell and rose when the driver pressed a special pedal.

Wagon shipments

In total, until 1917, 301 passenger cars were delivered to Odessa. At the same time, according to the commissioning years, the numbers were distributed in this way (commissioning dates were taken according to the old style):

1910: 1-10, 12.

1911: 11, 13-57, 251–255, 257, 259, 501–505.

1912: 58–128, 256, 258, 260–280, 507, 509, 1001–1008, 1501.

1913: 401–423, 506, 508, 510–524, 601–613, 620, 621, 623, 625, 1502–1506, 1509, 1511–1515, 1517, 1518, 1520–1522, 1524, 1525, 1527— 1530, 1601-1612.

1914: 614-619, 622, 626-637, 1010, 1507, 1508, 1510, 1516, 1519, 1523, 1526, 1531-1533 (trailers from the Lustdorf line).

1915: 1009, 1011, 1012, 1014, 1015.

1916: 1013, 1016, 1017.

Along with closed two-axle cars, the Belgian company also ordered four-axle motor cars to Société Anonyme Anglo-Franco-Belge la Croyère. They entered the city in 1913 and were sent to the line serving the Great Fountain . In the summer, they were operated with open trailers of the 1601-1612 series. Four-axle motor cars are very fond of Odessa and were nicknamed "Pullman" - obviously, following the example of Kiev , where four-axle MAN cars were called so. The name "Pullman" comes from the company "Pullman Car Company". This company supplied “American” sleeping railway cars of a similar design, that is, elongated on two turntables.

Passenger Salon

These cars were with wooden bench seats along or across the cars. For those that were across, the back was tossed in such a way that passengers could always sit behind each other face in the direction of travel when the car changed direction of travel at the final stop, or opposite each other, forming a kind of compartment for four people.

• Sometimes, when a visitor came into the Odessa tram and asked how to get to “Privoz”, and he himself somewhere on Ouspenskaya got into the car going to Kherson Square (in other words, got on the tram in the opposite direction ), then Odessans sitting in the car He was advised: “You sat down the wrong way. Sit there at least with your face, ”- hinting that you need to throw back and at least sit in the direction of“ Privoz ”, while the tram is more and more distanced from Privoz.
• Each car of the two-car hitch had its own conductor, who sat at the back door and sold tickets. Through the entire carriage under the ceiling, a cord was stretched, which passed through the intercarriage space and ended in a bell on the rear platform of the motor carriage. The same cord with a bell in the Whatman booth was also in a motor car. The conductor pulled the cord first in the hitch, and then in the motor car. This bell served as a signal for departure. Once - departure, twice - stop on demand, three times - emergency.

Disadvantages of these cars

Serious shortcomings of these cars revealed during operation. Since the planning of Odessa and the geography of its tram routes required frequent acceleration and braking, as well as overcoming rather steep climbs, the initially accepted power of the traction motors of 27.5 kW was insufficient. In the 1930s, part of the cars received more powerful engines DTU-40, and later - DTI-60. In addition, the starting rheostats, which are cast-iron cast plates, warped from overheating and often broke, so they were replaced with more reliable wire.

The history of the creation of the route network

1910-1912, the formation of a tram network in the city center

At this time, the most rapid construction of new tram lines and the electrification of existing horse lines are underway. Construction is mainly concentrated on the outskirts of the city, but in the center there are lines "Greek" and "Langeron." By the end of 1912 construction was completed. Movement along the Richelieu and Preobrazhenskaya lines is open, at Bolshaya Vokzal - along Prokhorovskaya, to the port - along Primorskaya. A line to the “Near Mills” opens from the outlying districts, and the construction of the Slobodsky Ring is completed, and the Slobodskaya Line will soon open (west of the city center).

1914 - 1917 , completion of the construction of a tram network on the outskirts

Work is underway on the electrification of the Peresypskaya and Khadzhibey lines and the construction of lines on Kuyalnik and in sec. Chubaevka . The construction is almost finished. Of those planned by the Belgian Society, there are 25 lines operating in the city, as well as a new line 32, the Grand Station. By 1917, the construction of the electric tram line network was completed and the last horse carriages disappeared from Odessa streets. Compared to the original Belgian project, the changes were minor, namely:

• Built a ring on Slobodka, the transition from Slobodskaya Street. on City made on Church Street. instead of Sporitinskaya
• A line was built on Filodorovsky descent from City to Izvestkovaya instead of a line on City and Olgievsky descents (the movement will open only in 1928)
• A line was built on Pirogovskaya instead of the Botanical Lane.
• The line to the Kovalevsky Dacha was built along the existing line of the Lyustdorf tram, which became part of the Odessa tram
• The line along the new street along the railway from Vorontsovka to the Vodoprovnaya (the Odessa-Malaya station) was not built, the “Near Mills” line was divided into two parts.
• The line along Zemskaya from Bolshaya Arnautskaya to Panteleimonovskaya was not built, the line "Arcadia" used the route on Vokzalnaya Square.
• Line "Zhevakhova", as well as lines in the village B. Fountain to the sea and in the village. Nerubayskoe were not built.
• The lines on the Balta road, on Kuyalnik and on Chubaevka were in different stages of completion. Movement on these lines will open only in the 20s.

During the Revolution and the Civil War, and in the 1920s

The revolution and civil war caused enormous damage to the Odessa tram. Due to the lack of spare parts and service personnel, the car fleet has come to an extreme desolation. Due to the lack of electricity in the period from 1917 to 1920, the movement along the existing lines was uneven and often stopped. Konki and steam trams reappeared on the lines. In 1920, the tram economy was placed under the jurisdiction of the Economic Council and ceased its activities.

Compared with the original Belgian project, there have been some changes, so the route numbers began to appear on the car signs.

Route numbers do not reflect the order of their appearance on the streets of Odessa, but the order in which they were indicated in the plans of the Belgian Society. Therefore, it is not surprising that the 15th route appeared earlier than the 8th.

• Since 1921, the restoration of the tram economy begins.
  • First, on October 31, 1921, the line 27 “Krugovaya” was restored (along the route Aleksandrovskiy section - Rishelyevskaya - Lanzheronovskaya - Gavannaya - Malyi lane - Preobrazhenskaya - Panteleymonovskaya - Aleksandrovsky section).
  • November 5, 1921 - line 32 "Grand Station". On the route Bolshaya Vokzal - Stepovaya - Prokhorovskaya - Prokhorovsky Square (Detour from two sides) - Tiraspolskaya - Tiraspolskaya Sq. - Transfiguration - Sophia.
  • Until the end of December, 3 more lines were reopened, along which 10 motor cars and 10 trailers went (from a fleet of 242 motor and 62 trailer cars).
  • In April 1922, 17 motor cars and 5 trailers operated on 5 lines, and by the end of 1922 the number of lines increased to 12, and the number of active cars to 37 motor.
  • In 1924, traffic was restored on line 20 “Khadzhibey Estuary”. From Kherson Square - Balkovskaya - Izvestkovaya - Kuyalnik Road - to the Park at the Hadzhibey Estuary.
    • and line 18 was extended from the 8th station of the Big Fountain to Lyustdorf.
  • In 1925, mainly, repairs and restoration of railways and the car fleet were carried out. Restored traffic on the street. Staroportofrankovskaya, Nezhinskaya, Torgovaya, on line 22 "Quarantine" and 29 "Lyustdorf", line 8 "Kuyalnik" was rebuilt.

On the route Tiraspol Sq. - Preobrazhenskaya - Sofiyevskaya - Naryshkinsky sp. - Moscow - Nikolaevskaya Road - Limannaya - Coast of Kuyalnik Liman

• There were 95 wagons on the line; in addition, over 100 wagons were completely repaired.
  • In 1926, the further restoration of the tram economy of Odessa was carried out. It was again open traffic on the street. Zhukovsky, to the Military descent , Uspenskaya (to the park), as well as to the Far Mills (route 11).
  • Also on May 22, 1927, the route 25 was resumed along the route Greek Square. - Greek - Rishelievskaya - Panteleimonovskaya - Zemskaya - railway station (class 1 halls) - Pirogovskaya - Novoarkadiyskaya road - Kahovsky barracks
  • route 7 on the Balta road on the route Zh.d. Moving to the Fair Sq. - Balt road - Cork plant.
  • From the same day — May 22, 1927 — routes 10 and 11 were extended to Kherson Square and 15 to the Old Cemetery. At the end of 1927, route 15 was shortened to its original terminus on Tiraspol Sq. and since then has not changed even once.
• There was also a route 32, not provided for by the Belgian project, but it turned out to be very necessary.
• The list of routes operating in 1923 is given below.

Not recovered remained, built by the Belgians, only the line on Vorontsovka and on the street. Indirect from Kolontaevskaya to Prokhorovskaya .

Unrealized plans

• It was planned to send route 26 to the Greek Square, and route 32 - to the Polytechnic Institute . These plans did not materialize;
• route 26 began work on May 22, 1927 from Privoz through Chumka,
• Route 32 was left on the old highway, and next year extended to the Grain Market.
• In March 1927, it was planned to begin work on doubling the tracks on line 19, but soon after the start of work it became clear that the intercar distances for Pullman cars would be only 20 cm instead of the 60 cm laid, and the work was stopped.

1927, line in Luzanovka

This line was not included in the plans of the project of the Belgian society. The line runs from Peresyp, north of the city.

1927, tram condition

In 1927, the restoration of the tram network was basically completed in the form in which it was built before the revolution.

The length of the tracks at the end of 1927 was 257.5 km of a single track, 32 routes worked, the park was 242 motor and 59 trailer cars, besides, there were 46 special cars on the balance. The Odessa tram ranked fourth in the country after Moscow , Leningrad and Kharkov in terms of the number of cars, the length of tracks, the number of passengers transported and gross income.

1928-1929, the flourishing of the Odessa tram

• Extended many lines in the south of the city.
• All lines built by the Belgians and a new line to Luzanovka (route 9) from Grecheskaya Square through Peresyp are functioning.
• Routes 19 and 29 extended to the beach at Lustdorf, 2 to the Grand Train Station,
• 25 to Arcadia and 32 to the Grain Market, route 14 was changed once again, routes 10, 11 and 15 returned to the historical end points.
• Cargo branches were built in Luzanovka, Lyustdorf, Irrigation Fields, to elevators in Moscow and Stolbovaya streets.
• At the terminal stations "Kherson", "2nd Zastava", "Arcadia", "Lanzheron", "Luzanovka", "Kuyalnik", "Grain Market" reversal rings were built.
• A boarding pavilion is open for passengers on routes 8, 9 and 20 on Grecheskaya Square. . The paths to the Bolsifontansky line and route 23 were reconstructed, traveling on French Boulevard near the film studio and Lagerny Lane was arranged.
• According to the results of the discussion of the project of reconstruction of the Odessa tram routes, a new route 31, Slobodka-Customs, was opened
• At the end of 1929 and the beginning of 1930, there were no major changes in the network of the Odessa tram. In connection with the completion of the construction of the ring on the final “Kherson”, route 14 was sent there again, albeit from the Customs Square. line on Srednefontanskaya st. from Starosennaya Square eliminated. Route 13 extended to radio station. In the summer, on Sundays, Pullman cars on route 19 went along the route “Greek Square. - Lustdorf ”through the Big Fountain .

The gradual reduction of the route network, 1930-1933.

During this period, 1 route is open: a shortened version of route 18 at number 18a. Routes 2, 14, 19, 24, 26a, 27 were closed, route 16 was shortened for the winter period. Due to the completion of the construction of the ring at route Moskovskaya, routes 8 and 9 were sent there, and route 20 was shortened to Kherson Square.

• From the route signs disappeared the names of the lines and routes were called by the terminus.
• Since the end of 1933, preparations have been underway for re-patching the tram network onto a standard broad gauge, which subsequently will lead to an even greater reduction in the route network. The narrow gauge car fleet is replenished with 22 trailer cars for the last time, and the “Pulmanovsky” trailer 1608 is converted into a motor 424. At the beginning of 1934, there were 243 motor and 83 narrow gauge cars on the balance sheet.

Unique carriage number 424

The growth of passenger traffic in the early 1930s caused the need for additional motor cars. However, the Soviet industry at that time stopped the production of narrow-gauge railcars, and deliveries from abroad were unreal. Therefore, the forces of the tram depot and car-repair workshops of the Odessa tram trust, in 1932-1933. the “Unique car” was built, based on the open “Nivelsky” trailer No. 1608. The new car was assigned the number 424, the last in the numbering line of the “4-axle Nivels”.

1934, broad gauge

The beginning of a broad gauge crossing marked a new era in the history of the development of the tram in Odessa. The first 28.9 km of tracks were crossed on a wide (1524 mm) gauge and a new broad gauge line was built in Ulyanovka, on the southern outskirts of the city (2.1 km) from the railway station. station on Lustdorf highway.

On a wide rut were pereshita in the center of the street. Preobrazhenskaya, Sofievskaya, Naryshkinsky descent, the ring "Kherson Square", as well as in the South-East from the center of the street. Novoshepnoy row, water pipe, Bolshefontanskaya road and the streets of the Middle Mills.

The following, in 1935, the paths were shifted down the street. Mechnikov , Lazarev (Malorossiysk) and in the Far Mills, and in the Far Mills single track was built. Rehash paths on the street. Mechnikov subsequently led to the uselessness and destruction of paths on the street, from ul. Lazarev (Little Russia) to the water supply. To date, there are ways only from the Bulgarian to Lazarev.

The line to Lyustdorf was also completed, and the line from Dachi Kramarenko was no longer on ul. Long, and was built anew on the fields and country roads. This led to the only known case when the road was renamed along the tram line: the Bolshefontanskaya road began to be called Lyustdorfskaya, since the tram didn’t go to the Big Fountain by it. Also, by analogy with the Fontanskaya (Srednefontanskaya) road, the stops on the new route began to be called “stations”, although there was no steam tram or railway there. The total length of the broad gauge lines was 51.7 km.

The routes organized on the broad gauge lines were 2, 10, 11, 12, 13, 29, with route 12 completely repeating the route of route 2 closed in 1930. To service the broad-gauge routes, Odessa received 47 X cars from Mytishchi engineering plant . "And 44 trailer cars" M ".

Thanks to the remaking, the 26th route to Chubayevka (to the South from the center) turned out to be unnecessary and lost.

In 1934 , the production of narrow gauge cars was discontinued. Therefore, many cities, including those with large tram farms, have lost the possibility of rolling stock replenishment. That is what forced Odessa and similar cities to go on a costly overhang on a broad gauge, 1524 mm. The discontinuation of the production of narrow-gauge railcars was the only factor that caused the remaking.

However, by the beginning of the 1940s, several dozens of Belgian carriages were modernized. Modernization included:

• Installing more powerful engines.
• Installing a new one-way metal body.
• Replacing the arc headlamp car headlights.
• The driver's workplace has become more convenient, with a constantly fixed seat.
• On modernized cars, the pneumatic system was powered by a compressor on a trailer car.

The emergence of wide-gauge wagons "X" and "M"

Since in 1935, in Odessa, there were already 6 broad gauge routes (No. 2, 10, 11, 12, 13, and 29), trains from “X” (“Kharkov type”) motor cars and “M” (“Moscow type” ) began to arrive in Odessa to service these lines. The “X” and “M” cars, which were serially produced by the Mytishchi Machine-Building Plant since 1928, became the main type of rolling stock of the country's tram farms in the pre-war and early post-war years. In some cities, they worked until the early 1970s. Their production was transferred to the Ust-Katavsky plant in 1937, where these cars were produced until June 1941.

• In total, until 1940, 47 motor cars and 44 trailers arrived in Odessa.
• Routes 2, 11 and 12 worked during the war, one trailer "M" was destroyed.
• After the war, 3 more “M” trailers were received from Kiev.

Routes closed due to override.

Rehashing affected narrow-gauge routes associated with the street. Transfiguration and plumbing. Routes 3, 16, 26, 26a, 32 were closed.

Narrow gauge routes that still existed

The route No. 5 was extended to the Small Fountain, redirected to the Greek Square. route number 17. For route number 23 on the street. Preobrazhenskaya from Grecheskaya to Deribasovskaya, a third string of rails was laid, and the third string was passing along ul. Mill for the route number 30.

In this form, the tram network existed without any changes before the start of World War II .

During the Great Patriotic War (1941–1945)

The war has caused enormous damage to the tram economy of Odessa. The tram continued to work during the war (routes 2, 11, 12), but the carriage and track facilities were in unsatisfactory condition. Part of the narrow gauge tracks was dismantled by the occupying forces. The length of the tracks was reduced from 236.4 km in 1941 to 211.6 km in 1944 .

• Ways to st. Bolshaya Arnautskaya (route 5) were brought to total disrepair; it was decided not to restore them.
• Routes 7, 21a, 22, 25, 31 completely ceased to exist.

In 1941, route 21a along the Zastava-Front route worked along a narrow track. The tram-monument, which carried this equipment, was installed in the Memorial Museum Park of the 411th battery .

Rebuilding tram repair

Immediately after the liberation of Odessa, the arrangement of the tram economy began. By 1948, the movement on the broad-gauge lines and the main narrow-gauge lines was restored.

• In 1948, route 3 “Kherson Square - Shuvalovo (1st station of the Lyustdorf road)” was opened on broad-gauge lines, and route 10 was restored on October 9.
• From the narrow-gauge lines restored routes 28 (October 9) and 8 (November 14).
• Until 1950, triangles were built at the end of route 10 and in the Library Lane. before the Naryshkinsky descent (routes 2, 3, 12). In 1950, route 29 on the route 29 was restored between stations 13 and 14.
• Due to the destruction of the old railway station building and the construction of a new one, route 1 has changed, which began to go to Starosennaya Square.
• The largest events of that period occurred in 1951 and were associated with the removal of tram tracks on the street. Richelieu, Lanzheronovskaya and Gavanna, as well as Small Lane. This forced to build a third line of rails from the street. Schepkina to Deribasovskaya for route 1.

Modernization of rolling stock in the post-war period

As a result of the modernization, the X and M cars received an unparalleled all-metal body, with side windows in the style of General Motors . At the same time, in the mid-1950s, the transfer of these cars from the depot to them began for the broad gauge of Peresypsky routes 6 and 9, to be serviced. Lenin in October (now respectively Depot number 1 and number 2). They served there for about 10 years and were replaced by KTM-2 / KTP-2 trains.

In the depot to them. Lenin's X and M cars worked until 1967-1968 on route 4 and were replaced by single Tatras .

Also in the post-war period, part of the Nievels cars underwent another modernization and received an unparalleled all-metal body, as well as side windows in the style of General Motors.

KTM / KTP-1

Trains from the KTM / KTP-1 tram cars began to arrive in Odessa in 1949. until 1960, the city received 34 motor cars and 34 trailers.

• Since only depot them. Lenin was altered on a broad rut, at first they all arrived there.
• The KTM / KTP-1 train numbering continued with the X / M train numbering, which led to some confusion: the KTM-1 numbering started from 348, and KTP-1 - from 745, since the “M” trailers initially came three less than motor "X". Even the delivery of three “M” trailers from Kiev did not rectify the situation, since one of the newly arrived trailers received the number of the car destroyed during the war (707).

Cars "F"

The cars of the F series (“lanterns”) were produced before the revolution for Moscow at various factories in Russia and Germany. The name “lantern” comes from a glazed lift in the center of the roof along the entire length of the car. In September 1949, 5 wagons of 1912 L cars were transferred from Moscow. Since the depot named after Lenin was then the only wide-gauge, the cars F arrived there. Initially, they kept the Moscow numbers, but in the middle of 1952 they received a new 800 series:

• 751 → 801
• 766 → 802
• 772 → 803
• 773 → 804
• 783 → 805

Passenger exploitation of cars F in Odessa lasted until 1958, when they were all transferred to the service inventory.

Continue to rerout the network to a wide rut

• In 1951-1952 Route 15 was altered in 1952, after the construction of the new railway station was completed and the tracks were restored, it returned to Kulikovo Pole, route 1.
• in 1953, the depot routes to depot No. 2 (Slobodka) were changed, therefore, it is possible that in 1951-1953 the KTMs also went on the 15th route, which was already crossed by that time. In 1954, routes 4 and 21 were changed, in 1956, routes 6 and 9.
• in 1955 route 19 was restored, extended in 1956 to 500 m,
• in 1956, after the construction of the ring at the Starokonny market, route 5 was opened.
• the paths on the ring near Kherson Square were doubled.
• in 1958-1959 doubling of routes between the 11th and 12th stations of the Lyustdorf road (route 29)
• building a siding on route 13 in 1959
• 1959, from 14 to 16 April, a rewrite of the Fontan line (routes 18 and 18a) in just 29 hours.
• In April 1960, route 19 was also changed. The last narrow-gauge “Nivelsom” on it was carriage No. 422, which made the last flight of route 18 to the Big Fountain on April 14, 1959.
• In 1961, work was carried out on the alteration of routes 5 and 28

At the end of the 1950s, depot No. 1 began to lack wide-gauge wagons, since many X / M trains were transferred to the Oktyabrskoe depot (No. 2) to operate on the Peresypskaya line.

MTV-82

In 1953, Odessa began to receive MTV-82 cars. Although not as technically advanced, they won the love of passengers with their comfort, capacity and a very elegant appearance, and the love of the staff - ease of maintenance and repair, as well as durability. Even 40 years after graduation, dozens of MTV-82 continued to serve as service and emergency trams, trams, tugboats, etc. Odessans became so fond of their MTV-shki that all modernized Nievelles cars, trailers and “pulmans” were painted “ under the MTV "with a falling red stripe on the board and a stepped color of the front panel.

Unfortunately, this color scheme did not last long, until the 1970s, after which MTV-shki not only lost the falling strip, but also the yellow “skirt”, as well as the original emblem. This is all replaced by a five-pointed star, as on the KTM / KTP1 and KTM / KTP2 trams. Many MTV-82 cars were converted into service ones:

• Cargo platforms: 910, 911, 919 (hopper), 923, 925 (bulldozer), 930, 932.
• Rail welding: 903, 904.
• Sand sanding machines: 942 (see also technical assistance).
• Technical assistance wagons: 904 (b. 942), 935, 954.
• Watering: PM-1 (b. 929)

Other cars

• In 1951, Odessa got three two-axle motor cars of type K, from Kiev. These cars were made in Kiev in the Main tram workshops named Dombal (later - the Dzerzhinsky Kiev Electric Transport Plant ), at the same time when the X and M cars appeared. In Odessa they received numbers 391–393, since, in view of possible planning, getting more trains KTM / KTP-1 . They hit the depot to them. Lenin, who was always the first to receive all types of cars entering the city. However, the operation of cars K on the routes turned out to be, and in 3-4 years they were transferred to service ones.
• Since 1959, an active conversion of the four-axle wagons of the La Croyère plant to a wide gauge began to serve the peredito Fontan line.

Narrow gauge tramway line

The children's tram line with a length of 520 m was built in the same 1956 in the park to them. Shevchenko. To do this, in the same year, car number 36 was converted into a children's tram. The narrow gauge children's tramway line closed in 1960. Odessa ’s children 's tram was similar to the children's railways that operated in many cities of the Soviet Union. However, the Odessa children's tram was unique, nowhere, except in the city of Shakhty of the Rostov region in 1935 and in Odessa in 1956, they did not arrange children's trams.

Removal of tram tracks on the street. Richelieu

Removal of tram tracks on the street. Rishelyevskaya happened in 1957 (the tracks near the theater were taken down in 1951) This happened because the Odessa National Academic Opera and Ballet Theater allegedly sits because of passing trams.

• These are the most significant events of that period. It forced to build a narrow gauge turn on the street. Panteleimonovskaya for the route number 17, which will begin to go from Kulikov Polya, and the route number 1 was sent to Kulikovo Field along the line route No. 23. In addition, in 1957 the following changes occurred:
  • traveling on routes No. 10 and 19;
  • the route between the 2nd and 3rd stations on routes Nos. 13 and 29 was doubled;
  • organized a turn from Slobidka on the street. Balkovskaya and laid the third string of rails for the departure of cars on the Peresypskaya line (routes number 6 and 9);
  • the routes on route 18 from the landslide zone between the 12th and 14th stations were shifted; a turn at the 11th station was arranged.

The beginning of the 1960s, the period of practical liquidation of the narrow-gauge network

To the credit of Odessa citizens, it should be noted that by destroying the narrow-gauge network, they did not destroy the tram as a whole, which looks very reasonable against the background of the then leadership’s love for the trolleybus. The tram retained its status as the main passenger carrier in the following years, despite the construction of long trolleybus routes.

It should also be noted that, thanks to the broad gauging, the Odessa tram network lost route 8 (Kuyalnik) in the 1950s to the North from the center, and also in 1934, the 26th route to Chubayevka to the South from the center between Cheryomushki and Fountain, as well as the connecting segment on Mechnikov Street from Lazarev to Vodoprovodnaya. In the 1960s, the success of the remaking was as follows

• in 1961 routes 5 and 28 were changed,
• and a little later, route 20.

As for the broad gauge lines,

• Route 3 was extended to the new ring at the 2nd station of the Lyustdorf road
• Routes 4 and 28 are shortened to the corner of Uspenskaya and Belinsky due to the opening of the Walk of Fame .

Supply of many types of cars

KTM-2 / KTP-2

In 1961 Ust-Katavsk KTM-2 / KTP-2 began to arrive in Odessa.

• At first they arrived at depot No. 1, in the late 1950s there was not enough broad gauge cars.
• In the mid-1960s, to replace the old “X” / “M” trains, a large batch of KTM / KTP-2 trains was purchased for the Oktyabrsky depot on the Peresypskaya and Khadzhibey lines.
• Subsequently, all the cars of this brand were transferred to the Ilyich Depot. Served these cars in Odessa, until the mid-1980s.

RVZ-6

Odessa began to receive the RVZ-6 of the very first modification in 1964. First they hit the depot to them. Ilyich, but their transfer to the depot. Lenin (now - Depot No. 1) was forced by the lack of qualified service personnel. Soon, 10 cars from Kiev were added to the first series of cars, where the transition to the Tatras began. However, a small number of them played a trick on the RVZ-6 trams. Odessans did not find it expedient to start a separate repair base for the RVZ-6 , and it was unprofitable to drive the cars for repairs to other cities. As a result, until the write - off of the RVZ-6 went without major repairs. Therefore, one should not be surprised at the appearance of these cars in the late 1970s, and their write-off in the early 1980s.

• The 27th (Lyustdorf-Rybny Port) was the last route on which the RVZ-6 trams were used
• The side numbers RVZ-6 2001-2048

Goths

German cars entered Odessa in 1963. They served for a short time due to the fact that they were designed for a narrow gauge. They did not fit well with the wheelbase for broad gauge - so it was decided to transfer them to Lviv and other cities with a narrow gauge.

• Aircraft numbers, in Odessa, 1301-1324 are motor, 1821-1823 are hook-on.

Tatry T3

Began to enter Odessa from 1966. Soon in the mid-1980s they became the main, and for some time, the only type of passenger tram in Odessa. A powerful repair base was created for their maintenance. In 2007, they make up 95% of the rolling stock in Odessa, many of which are currently being modernized.

Their tail numbers:

• originally received in Odessa - 2945-3339; 4001-4089;
• transferred from Mariupol and Moscow 1018-1056; 5001-5020.

The equipment of tram cars Tatra T3 is fully electromechanical. No pneumatic devices apply. Therefore, from the mid-1980s, when Tatra-T3 became the only type of tram in the city, the depot service personnel lost the habit of pneumatics, with the exception of service "old trams".

The disappearance of summer trailers

This happened in 1967, just when the Tatras-T3 began to arrive. Odessa residents remember these cars with nostalgia, after the war they went to the Big Fountain, as well as along many routes to the sea. And it was really possible to ride them “with a breeze” “... - it was such a pleasure that many passengers missed closed cars. Although at that time it was impossible to get on the tram going to the sea, to the beaches, especially on Sunday. All of Odessa went to the beach: with the Greeks (a variant of the “quiet” primus ), cutlets, potatoes, cereals, and the like ... " ^[18]

Expansion on the southern outskirts of Odessa

In 1962, the line was built on the street. Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya (to the south of Odessa, this is the Odessa region ) and the road to the village. Burlachya Balka , which opened route 27 "Lustdorf - Crossing". In this regard, it was planned (but not fully realized) to build up the territory near this road by industrial enterprises and health institutions, so the line was double-track, although more than two cars on the route never worked.

• The KTM / KTP-1 train opened the route on this route.
• after a long time, route 27 was the last on which the RVZ-6 trams were used

In August 1968, route 10 was extended to a new ring on ul. Yakira (now - Rabin), and in 1969 it was extended to the city to Tiraspolskaya Square. At the same time, the “peak” route 14 “Station - General Petrov” was opened.

At the same time, pivoting rings were built at the 6th station of the Fontanskaya road (the route without a number is “peak”) and the 11th station of the Lyustdorfskaya road and the route 29a “Station - 11th Art. Lustdorfskoy road.

Canceled routes, in the period 1960

• Route 17 was canceled.
• In 1964, the last narrow-gauge lines in the center were destroyed - routes 1 and 23,
• a trolley bus was launched on Greek and Kanatnaya streets.
• 1965 to 1971. In the city there is only one narrow-gauge route - 30.

Despite the disappearance of the routes, the narrow gauge line still “continues” to live for a long time. Until the summer of 2006, a double track was preserved at the corner of Grecheskaya and Pushkinskaya streets. His picture can be seen here.

Fate narrow gauge rail cars

• In 1951-1952 cars 12, 55 and 60 were transferred to Zhytomyr and Chernivtsi , where there were narrow-gauge systems.
• Cars 17, 22, 23 and 24 were converted into freight, and car number 3 in the service.

Part of the carriages, after being reworked into all-metal bodies and remaking to a wide gauge, became trailers (carriage No. 15).

1971 Ultimate narrow gauge elimination

A narrow gauge in Odessa was liquidated in 1971 due to the complete reconstruction of Balkovskaya Street. In 1971 route 30 was closed. The reconstruction took place in 2 stages:

• at the first stage, a temporary route 30a "Kherson Square - Slobidka" was opened;
• At the second stage of reconstruction, the turn from Balkovskaya to Melnichnaya Street was eliminated. from the side of the bridge and the route 30 from 1976 goes to the Far Mills.

Kotovsky village

A line was built along Dobrovolsky Avenue and Starokievskaya Avenue to the Tsentrolit plant and a ring was arranged on ul. Paustovsky (55th line).

• December 30, 1971 the cars of route 7 went to the street. General Bocharov (47th line),
• since April 28, 1973, traffic has opened along the entire route.

This led to the reorganization of all routes of the Peresypsky line. Together with the highway along the Dnepropetrovsk road, route 8 was eliminated. Soon, route 8 will be revived in a new capacity, and will go from Luzanovka to ul. Paustovsky.

Remaining Changes (70s)

• In 1972, routes 4 and 21, which in the forward and reverse direction began to walk on the street. Staroportofrankovskaya (the line on the other side of Prokhorovsky Square was liquidated).
• 1972: The construction of the line to the north to the Centrolit plant led to a change and renumbering of several routes.
  • Route 6 was extended to Luzanovka (as existing route 9), and its ring was only used as a service ring;
  • Route 9, in turn, was extended to the Tsentrolit plant and became the longest Odessa route, although it worked only during rush hours;
  • Route 1 "Luzanovka - Centrolit" was opened,
  • A little later - the summer route 8 "Luzanovka - Paustovsky".
• Route B / № to the 6th station of the Big Fountain received number 16,
  • Route 18a became number 17,
  • And the route 29a received number 26.
• In 1975 (?), A new ring was built on Staroshennaya Square. (railway station), which saved passengers from protracted tram traffic jams.
• In 1975 (?), Route 13 became two-way throughout its length.
• Especially major changes in the tram network in Odessa since 1976 did not occur. Most changes are associated with the extension or abolition of tram routes.

The 1980s : full tatrification , and the elimination of the “old trams”

As it was written above, by the beginning of the 1980s, the MTV-82 and RVZ-6 trams, which were familiar to the inhabitants of Odessa, disappeared from many routes, being replaced by Tatry-T3. And KTM / KTP-2 was still working with might and main on the routes that served Depot Ilyich (Depot Commodity). These were the routes

• 5th, going from Starokonny market, through Moldavanka, and the Center, then along the legendary French Boulevard to Arcadia.
• 28th, going from the final "Pasteur Street" in Staroportofrankovskaya via Moldavanka, then along Pantelemonovskaya and Belinsky through the center to Shevchenko Park.
• 11th, coming from the train. station at the Far Mills, so that the Depot Commodity turned out to be in the middle of the route.
• Route 20, served by the depot on Slobodka. Route 20, as is known, serves the Khadzhibeev highway. Since the KTM-KTP-2 grew old, and in the meantime the Tatras arrived in Odessa, it was decided to attach them to these routes.
• In the fall of 1984, the tram track on Staroportofrankovskaya Street was moved from the pavement to a separate canvas (on the sidewalk). Motor transport was also removed from the turn from Staroportofrankovskaya to Prokhorovskaya.
• In 1986, routes 10 and 14 were changed, for which a second route was built on ul. Aviation, or rather moved from the street Skvortsova (in the direction of the Mills).

Disappearance of KTM / KTP2

From 1981 to 1982, the Tatras were sometimes released from Depot 1 or 2 on Route 28 and 5. It was like this:

• In 1981—1982, route 28 was serviced by the 1st depot. on it appeared all the cars available at that time - narrow and wide, two- and three-doors.
• After six months of such operation, the cars of the 5th and 28th routes were reversed - the 5th became the Tatras of the 1st depot, and the 28th again became the KTMs of the 3rd. This continued until 1983.
• Tatra Depot number 2 (on Slobodka) in 1983 were appearing on the 28th interspersed with KTM / KTP-2 , all of the seats were plastic, not a single unit. This lasted until May 1984.

Meanwhile, in the summer of 1983, the Commodity depot began to receive Tatry-T3 of late release. At first, they worked alone on route 11, alongside KTM / KTP-2 until about the spring of 1984, and then they began to form trains.

• In May 1984, they began to serve the 5th route by train. At that time on the 28th there were continuous KTM / KTP-2. However, more and more Tatr-T3 arrived at the Ilyich depot and it became possible to drastically reduce the number of KTMs on route 5, from which they practically disappeared. They appeared less and less both on the 28th and the 11th.
• In 1985, the KTMs completely disappeared from the 28th and 11th routes.
• The last route on which the KTM / KTP-2 was used was the 20th. Since Depo Commodity had the experience of servicing KTM / KTP-2, all these cars from Oktyabrskoye depot were transferred to the Commodity depot, for a short period of time in about 1984 (?) - 1986. The delivery of Tatr-T3 to the Ilyich depot ended in the fall of 1985, after which the liquidation of KTM / KTP2 followed. In 1986, as the KTMs were eliminated, their remains could be observed throughout the depot from Alekseevskaya Square up to Stepovaya Street, and the 20th route returned to the 2nd depot and was served by the Tatra Mountains alone. The Tatry-T3 was still delivered to Odessa, but already in the depot named after Lenin (1) until March 1987, after which several more cars from Moscow were transferred to Odessa. There was a redistribution of routes.
  • Depot No. 1 began to serve the routes: 10, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 26, 27, 29
  • Depot number 2 began to serve the routes: 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15, 20, 21, 30
  • Depot number 3 began to serve routes 4, 5, 28

So it remained until 1996, when the depot Tovarnaya ceased to serve passenger cars.

It is interesting to know that the Commodity depot had a solid repair base of KTM / KTP2 trams. That is why the trams of this model from the Sloboda depot "lived out their time" in the Depot Commodity. When they received the newest ones in the city of Tatry-T3 in 1983, they quickly came to a worse state. In addition, the depot did not have enough ways to contain the required number of cars, so they defended themselves on the roads along Alekseevskaya Square, where they were subject to vandalism. In 1986-1987, the newest Tatras-T3 were delivered to the depot at the Station.

Latest MTV-82

• In 1989, on the 19th route, reversal rings were built and from there the unique twin-cab MTV-82 disappeared. After that, as written before, b. n The 935 was converted into a tug, as was the 942nd, first in sand-sprinkler - then in tug. Now the same Tatras work there as throughout the city. Even the only modernized two-door in the city of 3088 often goes there.

Tatry T3 and 1990s

The characteristic hiss of pneumatic brakes and doors of the “old trams” disappeared from Preobrazhenskaya street in the early 1980s ^{[ when? ]} . From the streets of Panteleimonovskaya, Staroportofranskovskaya, French Boulevard, and some of the streets of Moldavanka - around 1985 ^{[ when? ]} . From the line of the 20th route - somewhere in 1986 ^{[ when? ]} , and the 19th tram also became “new” in 1989.

Since the beginning of the 1980s, the Tatra-T3 tram car has been dominant in Odessa, so a powerful material and technical base was created for them at the Odessa Electric Repair Plant. It allowed thorough repair and repair of cars after almost any accident or breakdown. As a result, in 1985, 16 wagons from Mariupol were transferred to Odessa, 15 wagons from Riga and the following year - 16 wagons from Moscow .

In the 1990s, some “peak” routes were liquidated - 2, 9, 16 and 14 (the latter is stored in the control room as 10a) and a short extension of route 21 to Kherson Square.

• In the city, Tatry-T3 alone serves as line cars. In Odessa, created a powerful base for their repair and maintenance.
• In 1999, the only Tatra-Yug production plant YuzhMash entered Odessa. Board number 7001

2000s. Our time

Modernization of Tatra-T3 cars (2001–2012)

• The city authorities decided that funding would be directed to the modernization of the existing fleet, which would significantly extend the life of the existing Tatr-T3 , for another 15 years.
• Since 2001, the modernization of the Tatra T3 cars has been carried out in accordance with the Urban Transport Development Program. ^[nineteen]
• As of May 2010, 101 cars were upgraded. Modernization includes the restoration of the body, the establishment of new route signs, LED information board with information about the street that the car follows, and the next stop. Most importantly, the cars are equipped with a thyristor-impulse control system manufactured in the Czech Republic, and they get new engines.
• As of the beginning of 2011, there were about 210 Tatra-T3 cars in the city, of which 106 cars were modernized , in 2012 there were already 112. After 2012, the modernization of Tatra T3 cars is not performed. ^[nineteen]

Events

They began to demolish tram primordial tram stops, decorative poles, which the Belgian society has put, replacing them with commonplace pencils, as well as decorative pavilions with the inscription OT. The apotheosis of vandalism was the demolition of the monument of history, architecture and urban planning - the "Tramway Station" on Grecheskaya Square (architect A. B. Minkus, 1910)

• In March 2002, route 31 opened, completely repeating the historical route of route 29 , shortened from Lyustdorf to the 11th station of the Lyustdorf road.
• In August 2002, route 22 was opened, completely repeating the temporary route 30a , which was shot in 1976.
• In August 2005, due to the expansion of Uspenskaya Street, the tram tracks on this street were eliminated. The tram of route 4 was closed, and instead of it, a trolleybus was launched on Ouspenskaya street.
• In 2006, the delivery of cars K1 , manufacturer YuzhMash, Dnepropetrovsk began . Total put 10 cars. The side numbers 7002 - 7011.
• Also in Odessa there is a summer pleasure car based on the MTV-82 (No. 914) and a pleasure car KTM-1 (No. 355).
• Since in our time the Tatras have taken root in Odessa, it is these cars that will be delivered to Odessa as passenger cars.
• In April 2008, despite the protests of Odessa, tram lines were closed to the Far Mills and on the street. Balkovskaya, where the path is supposed to be dismantled. Route 11 is shortened to Alekseevskaya Square, route 30 is canceled. In addition, in 2007, the Kiev Institute of Hygrograd and some Odessa officials made proposals to also eliminate routes 1, 6, 7, 8, 18, 19, 27, 29, 31. If such plans are implemented, 22 of Odessa’s routes will remain only 6 routes are active, these are 3, 12, 13, 17, 26, 28.
• On June 1, 2011 route No. 12 was extended to the Sloboda market, thereby absorbing the unpopular and unclaimed 22nd route. But despite the return of the tram to the surviving part of Balkovskaya Street, the question of reviving the 30th route and extending it to ul. Yitzhak Rabin.
• April 1, 2015 by the numerous requests of the residents of Chernomorka, p. Burlachya Balka, and also in view of the rapid construction of the veins. Massif Sauvignon, route 27 extended to Starosennaya Square (Railway Station, Privoz).
• On July 11, 2015, a new summer route No. 22 of the Sloboda Market - Luzanovka was launched.
• On October 20, 2015, the accomplishment of the “Kulikovo Pole” reversal ring of the tram lines 17 and 18 was fully completed, with the rebuilding of the tramway. A new dispatching station was installed, 3 new stopping complexes, as well as the territory adjacent to the ring was landscaped. At the third stage, work is underway to improve the sidewalk leading from the railway station to the U-turn ring. ^[20]
• In December 2015 - February 2016, the city began to serve two trams for passengers with disabilities (purchased Tatra K1M and assembled on their own Tatra T3UA3 "Chestnut").
• In 2016, Starosnaya Square was improved with a complete reconstruction of the tram infrastructure. Works completed on September 2, 2016 ^[21] . Dispatch and stop complex remained unfinished.
• On May 20, 2016, a new tram route No. 4 “Kherson Square - Arcadia” was introduced.
• August 17, 2016 in Odessa completed the reconstruction of the 6th century. B. Fontana, started 02/28/16. As part of the reconstruction, the necessary repairs were carried out to the track facilities and the contact network of the tram number 17 and 18 ^[22] . Also in July, two retro MTV-82 trams were installed inside the tram ring, which will serve as a cafe ^[23] .
• Since August 2016, as part of the implementation of the North-South tram route project, tram routes Nos. 4 and 15 have been canceled to carry out Tiraspol Square overhaul, and trams Nos. 3,10,12 and 21 also changed.
• In connection with the overhaul of the intersection of ul. Garshina and Fontanskaya road from 10 to 30 October 2016, partial changes have been made to the urban public transport patterns:
  • The work of the tram route number 18 is organized until the 11th century. Fontan road;
  • The operation of tram route 19 has been temporarily discontinued ^[24] .
• As part of the implementation of the project of the North-South tram route, overhaul of Tiraspol Square on October 12, 2016, work began on the installation of sleepers for the tram rails ^[25] . Also, in the framework of the North-South project, overhaul is underway. Transfiguration from the street. Zhukovsky to st. Bunin ^[26] .
• On November 25, 2016, in the area of ​​the Peresypsky bridges, work began on the overhaul of the transport interchange at the intersection of Balkovskaya-Ataman Golovaty-Odariya-Black Sea Cossacks streets. Workers are preparing to dismantle the tram rails ^[27] . At first, movement under the bridge was severely limited ^[28] , but then, from November 28, it was restored as before, while work on the overhaul will continue ^[29] .
• On December 7, 2016, it became known that KP “Odessgorelectrotrans” was recognized as the best enterprise in terms of performance for the third quarter of 2016 ^[30] .
• From December 23, 2016 tram route No. 21 resumed its work in normal mode.
• The tram route number 15 , closed for the period of repair work, resumed work on December 26, 2016 along the route "Sloboda Market - Tiraspolskaya Square."
• On December 27, 2016, a meeting was held in the Odessa City Hall chaired by the mayor Gennady Trukhanov on the application in Odessa of the European model of functioning of the urban passenger transport. In particular, they talked about the creation of an information-analytical system for the management of public transport "Single Operator" and the introduction of an electronic system of payment for travel in urban public transport, the so-called "electronic ticket" ^[31] .
• From January 1, 2017, tram route No. 10 resumed its work in normal mode ^[32] .
• From January 25, 2017, tram route No. 15 has been extended to Alekseevskaya Sq. ^[33]
• As of January 30, 2017, OGET KP released 5 own Tatra T3UA3 Kashtan trams to the route (No. 2966, 3300, 4008, 5008, 5009) ^[34] . Also, in February it is planned to release another similar car (No. 2951) ^[35] .
• On February 8, 2017, during the session of the Odessa City Council, changes were made to the City Target Program for the development of electric transport in Odessa for 2016–2018. In 2017, new Tatra T3UA3 Kashtan trams and the first experimental electric bus will be launched on Odessa’s routes ^[36] .
• From March 16, 2017, for the period of major overhaul of Tiraspolskaya Square (the final stage is 2 weeks ^[37] ), the work of tram route 10 will be organized to Alekseevskaya Square. The work of tram route number 21 will be organized to the Central Bus Station. The operation of the tram route number 15 will be suspended ^[38] .
• Since March 17, 2017, repairs are being resumed in the Peresyp area related to the construction of the North-South tramway, designed to provide direct communication between the village of Kotovsky, the city center, and the Tairov district ^[39] .
• On March 20, 2017, the second Tatra T3UA3 “Kashtan” (No. 2951) wagon with a partially low floor produced by the industrial enterprise “Odessgelelectrotrans” (it was originally planned to be released in February) ^{[40] was} released in 2017.
• Since March 31, 2017, in connection with the complete completion of the reconstruction of Tiraspolskaya Square, trams No. 10, 15 and 21 are returning to their routes.
• On May 18, 2017, it became known that KP Odessgelektrotrans again became the best enterprise of urban electric transport in Ukraine in terms of a set of performance indicators for the first quarter of 2017. As usual, Odessa shared the first place with Vinnitsa. ^[41]
• On July 7, 2017, the 7th tram Tatra T3UA3 “Kashtan” No. 5015 was assembled on the basis of the car-repair workshops (BPM). The new car is on the balance of the tram depot No. 2 and will operate on route No. 7 . ^[42]
• On August 16, 2017, the Directorate of the corporation of urban electric transport enterprises of Ukraine Ukrelectrotrans summed up the All-Ukrainian competition for the best enterprise of urban electric transport in terms of performance in the second quarter of 2017. The first place was shared by two enterprises that received the same high appraisal of their activities - KP “Odessgelelectrotrans” and KP “Vinnitsa Transport Company”. ^[43]
• From September 11, 2017, for the duration of the repair work, tram routes No. 1.6.7 will be stopped . ^[44] At the same time, route No. 1 will not be canceled, but shortened: several tram cars will run from Luzanovka to Tsetrolit with a 15-minute interval. Works on repairing the tram junction at the intersection of Balkovskaya, Ataman Golovaty, Odariya and the Black Sea Cossacks are going to be completed as soon as possible - 8-10 days, after which the movement of tram routes 1, 6 and 7 will be fully restored. ^[45]
• On September 14, 2017, on the basis of the car-repair workshops (BPM), a new tram Tatra T3UA3 Kashtan No. 3144 was assembled. ^[46]
• From October 9, 2017, tram traffic on routes 1, 6 and 7 is resumed in full operation until the Peresypsky Bridge. But the final stop is changing - it is transferred to Kherson Square. At the old terminus of trams on Odariya Street at the Peresypsky Bridge, the rails were completely dismantled and the base is being prepared for laying new ones. ^[47]
• On October 20, 2017, as part of the systematic work on upgrading the rolling stock, the KP Odesgorelectrotrans released the next overhauled Tatra wagon No. 4005 to the route. ^[48]
• On November 7, 2017, the ninth tram Tatra T3UA3 “Kashtan” No. 5006 was assembled at the base of the car-repair workshops (CPM) ^[49]
• On November 17, 2017, it became known that KP “Odessgelektrotrans” again became the best enterprise of urban electric transport in Ukraine in terms of a set of performance indicators for the 3rd quarter of 2017. As usual, Odessa shared the first place with Vinnitsa. ^[50]
• On December 18, 2017, the tenth tram Tatra T3UA3 “Kashtan” No. 5007 was assembled on the basis of the car-repair workshops (BPM) ^[51]
• January 8, 2018 in Odessa, a parade of Christmas trams KP "Odessagelectrotrans" took place. ^[52]
• On March 27, 2018, on the basis of the car-repair workshops (CPM), the eleven tram Tatra T3UA3 Kashtan No. 5019 was assembled. ^[53]
• From April 5, 2018 the tram route No. 12 (“Sloboda Market - Kherson Square”) is extended to the “Luzanovka” stop. ^[54]
• On April 7, 2018, on the eve of the Day of Liberation of Odessa, the first of its kind, the tram gallery (No. 4012), a joint project of the editorial staff of the Internet publication Passenger Transport and the enterprise Odessgorlektrotrans, takes to the streets of the city. ^[55]
• Since May 4, 2018, in connection with the completion of the reconstruction of the tracks and the resumption of the work of the tram station "Black Sea Cossacks St.", the final 1 and 7 routes will be transferred from Kherson Square, to ul. Odarius. The stop near the OKKO gas station, in the area of ​​the Marinesko descent, is valid only for route 12 . ^[56]
• May 14, 2018 the twelfth tram Tatra T3UA3 “Kashtan” No. 2962 was assembled on the basis of the car-repair workshops (BPM) ^[57]
• On June 1, 2018, a retro-wagon of KP Odesgorelektrotrans will run on the streets of Odessa as part of the celebration of Children's Day. ^[58]
• June 11, 2018, the thirteenth tram Tatra T3UA3 “Kashtan” No. 3244 was assembled on the basis of the car-repair workshops (CPM) ^[59]
• June 26, 2018 on the basis of car-repair workshops (CPM), the fourteenth tram Tatra T3UA3 “Kashtan” No. 4013 was assembled ^[60]

• From July 29, 2018, in connection with the completion of the reconstruction on Preobrazhenskaya Street, the operation of the tram routes No. 3, 12, 15 is restored in the usual format, as it was before the start of the reconstruction: - Tram route No. 3 will function between Kherson Square and Lyustdorf; - Tram route number 12 will operate between Kherson Square and Alekseevskaya Square; - Tram route number 15 will operate between the Novoslobodsky market and Tiraspol area; In addition, the summer tram route 22 will start functioning - the cars will run between the Novoslobodsky market and Luzanovka. ^[five]
• On August 14, 2018, the fifteenth tram Tatra T3UA3 Kashtan No. 3218 and the sixteenth tram Tatra T3UA3 Kashtan No. 3297 were assembled on the basis of the car-repair workshops (BPM). ^[61]
• From August 16 to October 16, 2018, the ring will be repaired at 5 stations of the Fontan Road. During all the works, trams of routes No. 17 , 18 and 19 will not work. ^[62]
• From September 4, 2018, the KP "Odesgorelectrotrans" invites Odessans with a renewed museum of the enterprise, which can provide the most complete information about the history of electric transport in Odessa from the XIX to the XXI centuries. ^[63]
• From August 10 to September 5, 2018, the tram ring number 10 was repaired on ul. Yitzhak Rabin. ^{[64] [65]}
• On November 15, 2018, the Odissey No. 4016 tram came out onto the streets of the city, and the assembly car of the Odessgelektrotrans company, an exclusive Odessa design, was assembled. ^[66]
• On January 8, 2019, the festive cars of the KP "Odesgorelectrotrans" took part in the traditional Christmas parade of trams.

Humor

Since Odessa is considered the “World Capital of Humor and Laughter”, and its inhabitants are lively and friendly, temperamental and cheerful, freedom-loving and in love with their hometown, in which the tram is the main mode of transport, Odessa-Humor could not get around the Odessa tram. Very often ridiculed intervals, details of some routes, the load of the car. As well as technical features, such as, for example, overturning benches in Belgian cars. There are many examples:

• "... Go to Arcadia on the Old Fifth Tramway ..." ( Mikhail Zhvanetsky )
• "... Passengers of tram number 28 are taken on bail ..." ( Mikhail Zhvanetsky )

a scene from a play about how a pocket thief does his business in a crowded tram. Some people are shaking with horror, having widely spread his pockets, while others scold him.

• "... passengers who cannot enter, laugh at those that cannot, and vice versa ..."

from the TV program "Odessans smiling"

• Along the street they took a chest of drawers (a film) about a chest of drawers, in which two of them can hide so as not to pay for the fare.
• I remember ^{[to whom? ] a} play on words connected with the fact that earlier on the fountain along route 18 there were 3-car trains - and now they are single.

In the cinema

• Primorsky Boulevard (film)
• Challenger Shard
• Along the street a chest of drawers were taken (film)
• Short meetings
• Unsuitable
• Favorite female mechanic Gavrilova
• Tuner
• Slave of Love (the final episode of the film)
• We drove in the tram Ilf and Petrov
• Boiling water (film)
• Tears dripped ^[67] ( Mosfilm Studios )

And dozens of other films shot by Odessa Film Studio and other studios.

In general, the “role of the tram” in the above-mentioned films is episodic (with the exception of the film “Along the Street The Chest of Dreams”).

As mentioned above, in Odessa there is a “pseudo-Nivels” made from MTV-82 b. n 914. In addition to sightseeing tours, exits to route 5, he is also involved in such films:

• " Bright Personality " (according to the novel by Ilf and Petrov of the same name)
• Binduzhnik and the King (according to the story of I. Babel “Sunset”, 914th, as if the guests were delivered to the wedding of Dvoira)
• " Train out of schedule "
• " The story of the tram " (film about the history of the first tram in Odessa, director-Yevgeny Bugayov)

The tram shown in the film “ Liquidation ” is not Odessa, but Kharkov, brought to Odessa.

• " Carrier-3 " - tram number 5 flashed just for a second, when shown footage of Odessa.

In the songs

• Tram route number 18 has become a character in the famous song "Odessa Port", in which there are such words:

"There is a tram going to your far edge, / Your entire flight to the 16th station" ^[68]

• Veklich V.F. , Zbarsky L.V. Problems and prospects of development of tram transport in the Ukrainian SSR. - K .: Society "Knowledge" of the USSR, 1980.
• Electric Transport of Ukraine: Encyclopedic Guide (ukr.) / Sergey Tarhov, Kost Kozlov, Aare Olander. - Kiev: Sidorenko V. B., 2010. - 912 p. : il., schemes. - ISBN 978-966-2321-11-1 .
• The book "Streets tell."
• Makarevsky D. Ya. A book about mine. - BMB, 1996.
• The century route of the Odessa tram. / D. B. Polunin [et al.] - O.: Mayak, 2003. - ISBN 966-587-068-8 .

•   Wikimedia Commons has media related to the Odessa Tram.
• Site "Odessa on wheels"
• Full list and description of tram routes
• History of the Odessa tram (start) . (An article in the newspaper "Odessa Leaf".)
• History of the Odessa tram (continued) . (An article in the newspaper "Odessa Leaf".)
• Trams of my childhood (Memories of the 5th route) . (An article in the newspaper "Odessa Leaf".)
• About Odessa steam tram (inaccessible link) .
• Documentary film "Route number 20"
• The situation with electric transport in Odessa and Ukraine