Training aircraft - aircraft designed for training and training of flight personnel [1] .
The main requirements for training aircraft are ease of piloting and reliability [1] . Typically, such aircraft have dual control, that is, the control posts for the aircraft ( control stick or steering wheel , rudder pedals) and the engine ( engine control lever / step-gas lever on the helicopter) are available for both the student and the instructor pilot [ 1] .
Many models of training aircraft are redesigned to meet the above requirements serial models of aircraft.
History
Until 1910, the first aviators learned to fly independently. Then two training systems began to take shape [2] . One of them - the Bleriot system included [2] :
- self-steering on a special simulator , which was an airplane, deprived of the ability to take off;
- independent approach by plane with artificially limited lift;
- independent flights on a full-fledged airplane.
The alternative training system, which subsequently received the greatest distribution, assumed the presence on board of an instructor during training flights. For example, on the Farman-4 aircraft, which was widely used as a training aircraft, there were two seats located in tandem. The pilot's seat was considered the front seat, and the control levers were located accordingly. However, the aircraft control stick was shifted to the right, so that the crew member sitting in the back seat could reach it. The rudder pedals, however, were only available from the front seat. In the first training flights, the instructor was in the front seat, and the trainee was in the back. At the same time, the student held on to the control handle, which the instructor was operating. Then the student was transplanted to the front seat, made several taxis to master the steering skills of the rudder, and in subsequent training flights he controlled the plane, and the instructor, who is now in the back seat, could intervene in the studentβs actions with the handle (but not pedals) [2] .
See also
- Combat training aircraft
- Flight simulator
Notes
- β 1 2 3 Encyclopedia "Aviation". - M .: Scientific publishing house "Big Russian Encyclopedia", 1994. - 736 p.
- β 1 2 3 Pyshnov V. S. From the history of aircraft (collection of articles No. 1). - M .: Mechanical Engineering, 1968.