William Lindley ( eng. William Lindley ; September 7, 1808 , London - May 22, 1900 , Blackheath) - English civil engineer , son of the Greenwich Observatory astronomer Joseph Lindley .
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Lindley’s whole life is about water and drying . A significant part of his activities took place in Hamburg , where thanks to him, for the first time in Europe , work was carried out on the organization of wastewater. He was engaged in urban water supply (including laundries, baths for the poor, gas pipelines (for street lighting), canals, buyan, sluices, etc. facilities). The work of Lindley on drying the outskirts of Hamburg Hammerbrook turned the marsh into land suitable for construction. Dumped Frankfurt am Main , Düsseldorf and many other cities in Germany and Europe. Repeatedly invited to different countries for consultations and conclusions on the issues of drainage and sewage .
Content
Biography
He began working under the direction of Mark Brunel and Francis Giles . In 1834, as an assistant to the latter, carried out survey work related to the construction of the railway Lübeck - Hamburg ( Germany ). In 1838, he received an order for the construction of the Hamburg-Bergedorf railway network ( German Hamburg-Bergedorfer Eisenbahn ) - the very first railway in the north of Germany (its official opening was canceled due to a terrible fire in May 1842, which destroyed a third of the city) . Lindley became a member of the Technical Commission for the reconstruction of the city center (together with A. de Chateauneuf , G. Semper and others), created after the disaster; he developed the first fundamental plan for the restoration of Hamburg. Even before the fire, he was given a task to design a new urban sewage system, the scale of destruction allowed him, as an engineer, to seriously modernize the city.
He carried out his projects under the influence of the English social reformer, the creator of sanitary legislation Edwin Chadwick . He created the first underground reservoirs in continental Europe: for three years he built an 11-kilometer collector network in Hamburg, after which Lindley took up the problem of supplying the city with drinking water. In subsequent years, he was engaged in the design and construction of water supply systems in cities such as Altona , Stralsund and Leipzig .
In 1840, he was charged with draining swamps in the Hammerbrook area, lying east of the center of Hamburg. The drainage system implemented by him in 1842-47. in conjunction with the construction of a network of canals connected to the river Elbe with the help of locks , later became the basis for the emergence of the first modern suburb and industrial area of Hamburg.
In 1855, Lindley developed a plan for the general development of the territories west of the city center, but due to the implementation of the project of the Hamburg harbor (1845, together with James Walker and Heinrich Hubbe ), this plan was not implemented. In 1860, in connection with the reorganization of the city government, Lindley resigned as a consultant to the city council on reconstruction and construction and moved with his family to London .
In 1863 he began work on the construction of the sewer system of Frankfurt am Main , thanks to which between 1868 and 1883. abdominal mortality fell from 80 to 10 per 100,000 inhabitants.
Lindley-engineer was in demand throughout Europe, along with his sons, he built water supply and sewage systems for Düsseldorf , Chemnitz , St. Petersburg , Pest , Prague , Baku, Moscow and other cities. In 1876 he was forced to give up work for Sydney , since on the eve of signed a contract for the construction of the city water supply of Warsaw .
In 1876-1878 created a water supply project for Warsaw, which was brought to life by his eldest son William in 1881-1889. As a token of appreciation of the merit of the engineer, the city named the street passing around hydraulic structures, in his honor. The system he created for Warsaw is still in operation: the last original sewer, designed by Lindley, was replaced only in 2001.
In 1879 , Lindley retired and settled in near London; died May 22, 1900
Family
He was married to Julia Hirlein ( eng. Julia Heerlein ). He had three sons: William Hirlein Lindley was born in 1853, Robert Searles Lindley was born in 1854, and Joseph Lindley was born in 1859. All three also became engineers and worked with their father in the engineering bureau he created.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Encyclopædia Britannica
Sources
- Lindley, William // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 tons. (82 tons and 4 extra.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.