SMS Erzherzog Friedrich (with German - “His Majesty the Ship Archduke Frederick”) is an Austro-Hungarian squadron battleship of the type “Archduke Karl” . Named after Friedrich Ferdinand Leopold of Austria , Commander-in-Chief of the Austrian Navy (1844–1847). Built in 1902, launched on April 30, 1904 . As part of the 3rd division of warships [1] participated in the First World War. In 1920 transferred to France as a trophy.
| Archduke Frederick | |
|---|---|
| SMS Erzherzog Friedrich | |
 Archduke Frederick | |
| Service | |
 Austria-Hungary | |
| Named after | |
| Class and type of vessel | squadron battleship |
| Organization | Naval Forces of Austria-Hungary |
| Manufacturer | STT |
| Construction started | October 4, 1902 |
| Launched | April 30, 1904 |
| Commissioned | January 31, 1907 |
| Withdrawn from the fleet | 1921 |
| Status | scrapped |
| Main characteristics | |
| Displacement | 10640 t |
| Length | 126.2 m |
| Width | 21.8 m |
| Draft | 7.5 m |
| Reservation | belt: 210 mm traverses: 200 mm deck: 55 mm turret GK: 240 mm SC casemates: 150 mm commander's cabin: 220 mm |
| Engines | two 4- cylinder triple expansion steam engines |
| Power | 18000 l. with. |
| Mover | 2 screws |
| Speed | 20.5 knots |
| Crew | 700 people |
| Armament | |
| Artillery | 4 x 240 mm Škoda 40 caliber ship guns 12 x 190 mm Škoda 42 caliber ship guns Škoda 45 caliber 12 x 66 mm naval guns Škoda QF 44 caliber 4 x 47 mm naval guns 2 x 47 mm Škoda QF 33 caliber ship guns |
| Flak | 4 x 37 mm Vickers ship guns |
| Mine torpedo armament | 2 torpedo tubes in caliber 450 mm |
Content
Appearance
The displacement of the battleship was 10,640 tons. Dimensions in meters: 126.2 x 21.8 x 7.5. The crew was 700 people. Together with Archduke Karl and Archduke Ferdinand Max , they constituted the last class of pre-dreadnought heavy ships. [1] The engines were four-cylinder triple expansion steam engines with two screws, which gave a power of 18 thousand horsepower and a speed of 20.5 knots. [1] The armadillo was armed with four 40-caliber guns in two double turrets in the center (an exact copy of the British Krupp C / 94 240 mm guns), as on the Habsburg-type armadillos . [2] Additional weapons were 12 Škoda 42-caliber guns mounted in 8 casemates (4 per side) and two double turrets in the center [3] . The shells developed an initial speed of up to 800 m / s, the firing range of the guns was up to 20 km. Each gun weighed 12.1 tons and fired up to three shells per minute. [3] Ships were fired from small ships and boats with Škoda 45-caliber guns, and from aircraft with 37-mm Vickers guns, purchased in 1910 [4] . Also, the battleship had two torpedo tubes with a caliber of 450 mm, but rarely used them. [one]
Service History
He was mobilized after the outbreak of war to help the ships Göben and Breslau , which broke through to Turkey . Arrived with his twin ships to Brindisi when the crew learned of the successful completion of the operation and received an order to return. [5] "Archduke Frederick" in the fleet participated in the bombing of Ancon on May 24, 1915 . With a total of 24 rounds of 240 mm caliber and 74 rounds of 190 mm caliber, Karl and Ferdinand Max released, he destroyed several signal towers and destroyed several port buildings and Italian batteries. [1] Until February 1, 1918 he continued to serve, but then sailed to Cattaro harbor with the cruisers Sankt Georg and Kaiser Charles VI , where he accompanied light cruisers of the Novara type . Then the crew was disbanded, and the ships themselves became a reserve. [6] In June 1918, Admiral Miklos Horthy began a secret operation in the Otranto Strait: three armadillos of the Archduke Karl type and four battleships of the Viribus Unitis type were to secretly make their way to the Italian coast, block the Entente fleet and crush their ground units, hoping to repeat similar to last year’s operation. However, on June 10, 1918 the battleship Sainte-Istvan was sunk by Italian boats, and the whole operation was frustrated. [7] Until the end of the war, Archduke Frederick was in port [8] , and after surrender was handed over to the French, who in 1921 launched an obsolete battleship for scrapping. [one]
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Hore p. 123
- ↑ Halpern p. 54
- ↑ Halpern pp. 170-171
- ↑ Halpern p. 174
- ↑ Sokol p. 135
Literature
- Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships: 1860-1905. - Annapolis: Conway Maritime Press, 1979. - ISBN 0-85177-133-5 .
- Halpern, Paul G. A Naval History of World War I. - Annapolis: Naval Institute Press, 1995 .-- ISBN 1-55750-352-4 .
- Hore, Peter, Battleships , Lorenz Publishing Books
- Koburger, Charles. The central powers in the Adriatic, 1914-1918: war in a narrow sea . - 5. - Greenwood Publishing Group, 2001. - ISBN 978-0-275-97071-0 .
- Sokol, Anthony. The Imperial and Royal Austro-Hungarian Navy. - Annapolis: United States Naval Institute, 1968.