Charles Hermite ( Fr. Charles Hermite ; December 24, 1822 , Dieuze , France - January 14, 1901 , Paris ) - French mathematician , recognized leader of mathematicians in France in the second half of the XIX century [2] . Member of the Paris Academy of Sciences since 1856, corresponding member (1857) and honorary member (1895) of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences [3] , foreign member of the Royal Society of London (1873). He was awarded the Legion of Honor (1892).
| Charles Hermite | |
|---|---|
 Charles Hermite (1901) | |
| Date of Birth | December 24, 1822 |
| Place of Birth | Dieuze , France |
| Date of death | January 14, 1901 (78 years old) |
| A place of death | Paris , France |
| A country | |
| Scientific field | maths |
| Place of work | |
| Alma mater | |
| Academic degree | ( July 1, 1847 ) and ( May 9, 1848 ) |
| supervisor | Joseph Liouville |
| Famous students | Henri Poincaré Thomas Ioannes Stiltyes |
| Awards and prizes | [d] |
Content
- 1 Biography
- 2 Scientific activities
- 3 Memory
- 4 notes
- 5 Literature
- 6 References
Biography
Charles Hermite was born in Dieuze ( Lorraine ), and from childhood he limped on his right foot [2] . He was brought up first at the Nancy College, and then at the Lyceum of Henry IV in the city of Paris. From 1842 to 1845 he studied at the Paris Polytechnic School [4] . In 1847 he became a bachelor of mathematics, a year later he was approved as a teacher at the Polytechnic School.
Since 1862 - professor at the Normal School . In 1856, Charles Hermitage was elected a member of the Paris Academy of Sciences . Since 1869 - professor at the Polytechnic School (until 1876) and the Sorbonne [4] . He was elected vice president (1889) and president (1890) of the Paris Academy of Sciences.
Scientific activity
A characteristic feature of Hermite's scientific works was the discovery of connections between various branches of mathematics, which often led to the creation of new sections [2] . Major works relate to number theory , theory of quadratic forms , theory of invariants, orthogonal polynomials , elliptic functions and algebra . Explored the class of orthogonal polynomials ( Hermite polynomials ).
He contributed to the theory of algebraic forms and their invariants, including the theory of the representation of integers by algebraic forms and other applications to number theory. In the course of these works, he discovered special bilinear forms (Hermite forms). Hermite showed that the number e (the base of the natural logarithm) is transcendental . He discovered the "continuous parameter method" [2] .
The most famous students of Charles Hermite were Henri Poincaré and Thomas Ioannes Stiltyes .
Memory
The name of Hermite is:
- Hermitian operators
- Hermitian matrices
- Hermite Cubic Splines ( Hermite Spline )
- Hermite Interpolation Polynomial
- Hermite Polynomials
- Hermite's Functions
- Hermite pairing
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Archive for the history of mathematics MacTyutor
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Panov V.F. Mathematics Ancient and Young. - Ed. 2nd, corrected. - M .: MSTU im. Bauman , 2006 .-- S. 303-304. - 648 p. - ISBN 5-7038-2890-2 .
- ↑ Profile of Charles Hermite on the official website of the RAS
- ↑ 1 2 Hermite, Charles // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
Literature
- Bobylev D.K. ,. Hermite, Charles // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Bogolyubov A.N. Mathematics. The mechanics. Biographical reference . - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1983.
- Ozhigova E.P. Charles Ermit, 1822-1901. - L .: Nauka, 1982.
Links
- John J. O'Connor and Edmund F. Robertson . Hermite, Charles (English) - biography in the MacTutor archive. (eng.)