Klingen, Ivan Nikolaevich

Born in the village of Strikino, the village of Prilepy, Belevsky district, Tula province (now Arsenyevsky district of the Tula region). Parents: father - retired artillery captain Nikolai Gustavovich Klingen; mother - Alexandra Ivanovna, nee Denkoglu. He was baptized in the Trinity Church of the village Komareva.

He graduated in 1869 from the 4th Moscow Gymnasium ; then - Moscow University, and in 1876 - Petrovsky Agricultural and Forestry Academy. In 1878 he defended his thesis on agricultural topics.

He worked as manager in the estate of Skalon White Well (1885? —1886) ^[2] .

In 1891 he was appointed inspector of the specific department for Caucasian estates. Here he first came to the idea of ​​the possibility of cultivating a tea bush in Transcaucasia, which he subsequently developed in his monograph Fundamentals of the Economy in the Sochi District (1897).

In 1895-1896 he was the head of an expedition to Egypt, India, China and Ceylon, whose goal was to study subtropical plants (tea bush, citrus fruits, bamboo, etc.) with the aim of introducing these crops in Russia.

During the years 1900-1906 he was an agronomist at the General Directorate of Allotments. At this time, in 1903, on his initiative, the Bezenchuksky regional experimental station in the Samara province was created, which now acts as a research institute of agriculture named after N. M. Tulaykova .

From 1906 to 1913, I. N. Klingen was the chief manager of large estates in the Brasovo Oryol (now Bryansk Oblast ) and Deryugino Kursk provinces. In Brasovo they introduced grass field crop rotation, organized a large experimental field. In 1911, in Kharkov, at the 1st congress of figures for agricultural plant breeding and seed growing, he made a report on a new crop-growing system based on a close relationship with beekeeping, which would increase the yield of clover seeds. In the Brasov estate, he created a pollinating apiary from 800 bee colonies of the Caucasian breed (as Klingen pointed out: “The Caucasian clover bee fertilizes in the same way as a bumblebee ... but with greater dexterity”), which increased the yield of clover seeds by 2-3 times. For the first time in Russia, he began to study the pollination activity of bees and drew the attention of land authorities to the need for widespread use of bees to increase the yield of entomophilous crops.

In 1916, on his initiative, the Central Experimental Station in Batum and a network of experimental institutions on subtropical economics were created.

In the early 1920s, he was in a camp for displaced people in Egypt . In 1922, he had the opportunity to connect with his family, who are in exile in Serbia. However, on the way to Serbia, in Varna, on June 22, 1922, he died.

• Description of Volchansky district of Kharkov province in agricultural-statistical terms. - Kharkov: type. Okr. headquarters, 1882. - 378 p.
• Snow cover. - SPb .: type. Imp. Acad. Sciences, 1892. - 13 p.
• Dense rain gauge nets and the question of the effect of vegetation and water on rainfall. - SPb .: type. Imp. Acad. Sciences, 1893. - 30 p.
• Tea business on the Batumi coast. - 1894
• Fundamentals of the economy in the Sochi district. - SPb .: type. St. Petersburg city ​​administration, 1897. - 129 p.
• Among the patriarchs of agriculture of the peoples of the Middle and Far East. (Egypt, India, Ceylon, China and Japan). Part I — III. - St. Petersburg, printing house of the General Directorate of Departments, 1898-1899.
• Brief description of the Specific Chakvinsky subtropical economy in connection with the results of the Specific expedition to the Far East. - SPb .: type. Ch. control destinies, 1900. - 66 p.
• The precocious fallow system for Eastern Russia is mainly on chernozem soils. - SPb .: type. Ch. control inheritance, 1903. - 50 p.
• Agronomic assistance to specific tenants. - SPb .: type. Chap. control inheritance, 1904. - 98 p.
• Russian farmer in the fight against North American farmer and Argentina in the global market. - St. Petersburg: Pushkinskaya early printing, 1904. - 166 p.
• Feed plants and their benefits. Part 1-3. - St. Petersburg: Ch. control destinies, 1906. - 3 t.; 2nd ed. - 1909-1911.
• Boneless bonfire: (Monograph) - St. Petersburg: typ. M. Merkusheva, 1907. - 153 p.
• Brief description of the Specific Regional Agricultural Station / I. Klingen and Y. Zhukov. - SPb .: type. A.S. Suvorin, 1907.- 33 p.
• Materials for the knowledge of the nature of the Oryol province: No. 1. - Kiev: Society for the study of the nature of Oryol. lips., 1904-1915. / On the practical significance of the fertilization of red clover by Caucasian bees. - 1912. - 22 p.
• The outstanding importance of beekeeping in the development of field and meadow farming, mainly in the non-chernozem zone of Russia. - M.: Bargaining. D. Tipo-lit. Barnet, 1915.
• The project of organizing a subtropical economy in Transcaucasia with a tea economy at the head. - Petrograd: type. V.F. Kirshbaum (department), 1917 .-- 66 p.
• Among the patriarchs of agriculture of the peoples of the Near and Far East: Egypt, India, Ceylon, China / Ed. and with entry. Art. Doctor of Agricultural Sciences prof. M.S. Dunin ; The artist. Yu. A. Boyarsky . - M .: Selkhozgiz , 1960 .-- 604 p. - 2000 copies.

• Klingen, Ivan Nikolaevich // Big Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
• I.N. Klingen. - Bezenchuk: Samara Agricultural Research Institute N.M. Tulaykova, 1996 .-- 11 p.

• Klingen Ivan Nikolaevich (1851-1922)