Martin Schongauer ( him. Martin Schongauer ; 1450/1453 , Colmar - February 2, 1491 , Breizach , Baden ) - German painter, draftsman and engraver of the Early Renaissance period. Focused on the work of Rogier van der Weyden , visited the Netherlands ; Schongauer's engravings had a great influence on European art.
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Content
Biography and Creativity
Son of Caspar Schongauer, who worked as a jeweler in Augsburg . For the beauty of his works, he was named "Beautiful Martin" ( Martin Shön or Hipsch Martin , from the Italians Bel Martino ). He worked mainly in Colmar, in 1488 he moved to Brayzakh, where he lived the last years of his life.
The work of Shongauer was strongly influenced by Rogier van der Weyden and the engraver Master ES, who was unknown by the name. Pictures of the artist reached us very little, the earliest of them are dated no earlier than 1469 . The most remarkable of them, the Madonna in the Arbor of Roses , was written for the Colmar church of Sts. Martin Undoubtedly, Shongauer also owns the fold , which is stored in the Kolmar museum, on the outside of which is depicted, in figures of life size, the Annunciation , and on the inner side, the Mother of God worshiping the Infant Christ , and St. Anthony with the customer of this icon . Two “Saints of the Family” are ascribed to him with almost certainty, one in the Munich Old Pinakothek and the other in the Vienna Museum . All these pictures are highly responsive to the direction of the Flemish school, but in terms of the delicacy of performance they are inferior to the works of its main representatives. A much more advantageous concept of the talent of Shongauer is given by his engravings , which number to 117. They testify that this was the first significant master in Germany who owned the cutter with confidence and surprising freedom, who could overcome all technical difficulties and clearly conveyed his well-felt, noble, sometimes even majestic compositions; his ideal heads are especially good in type and expression. In his prints he depicted not only religious subjects, but also genre scenes, animals, ornaments , etc.
Literature
- Brief art encyclopedia. Art of countries and peoples of the world. T. 1. M., 1962. P.457; 518.
- Ivanova S.V. Image “Descent to Hell” in Western European engraving of the 15th — 17th centuries. // Bulletin of the Orthodox St. Tikhon's Humanitarian University. Series 5: Questions of history and theory of Christian art. 2015. № 1 (17). Pp. 55-67.
- Schongauer, Martin // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 tons (82 tons and 4 extras). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Marianne Bernhard (Hrsg.): Martin Schongauer und sein Kreis. Druckgraphik, Handzeichnungen. Südwest-Verlag, Munich 1986, ISBN 3-517-00728-5 .
- Maria del Carmen Lacarra Ducay. 'Influencia de Martin Schongauer en los primitivos aragoneses', Boletin del Museo e Instituto' Camon Aznar '', vol. xvii (1984), pp. 15-39.
- A. von Wurzbach, "Martin Schongauer" ( Berlin , 1880)
- D. Burckhardt, “Die Schule M. Schongauers am Oberrhein” (Basel, 1888 ).
Gallery
Madonna in the arbor of roses . 1473. Colmar
Holy Family
Portrait of a young woman. OK. 1475-1480. Heinz Kisters Collection, Kreuzlingen
Notes
- 2016 artist list of the National Museum of Sweden - 2016.
Links
- Sour G. S. Martin Schongauer . German engraving. Albrecht Dürer and his teachers . Pushkin Museum to them. A.S. Pushkin ( 2013–2014 ). The appeal date is February 10, 2016.