“Poles” (written in quotation marks) is an ethnographic group of Russians resettled from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth to Siberia after 1763 (along the Uba River in Altai , partly in Transbaikalia ).
The "Poles" were descendants of Russian Old Believers from Kaluga , Tula , Ryazan , and Oryol provinces, who first settled in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (in Belarus - in the areas of Starodubya , Vetka , Dobryanka, Gomel , Dorogobuzh ), and from there in the second half of the 18th century they were resettled in administrative order to Siberia . For two centuries, the "Poles" supported only intrafamilial marriage, avoiding marriage with representatives of other Siberian ethnic groups [1] .
Content
- 1 Crush Branches
- 2 Relocation
- 3 In Altai
- 4 See also
- 5 notes
- 6 References
Smashing Branches
Remembering the Old Believers, Catherine II issued a manifesto, and the Senate in 1762 created a Decree based on it, inviting the Old Believers to their homeland, indicating the places for settlement. But voluntarily the Old Believers did not leave Vetka and Catherine II undertook yet another “forcing” from Vetka. In 1764, General Maslov was sent to Vetka, who severely cracked down on the Vetkovites and sent up to 20,000 Old Believers from there.
Relocation
According to the stage, the Old Believers were escorted to Siberia, where a part was detached and sent to the Irkutsk province, and the rest to Altai. Old Believers sent to Transbaikalia were called “Semey”, and Altai Old Believers were called “Poles”.
Altai
First, 6 “Polish” villages arose in Altai, and then their number increased. Old Believers "Poles" were settled in Altai on the rights of state peasants with an obligation to pay a double tax, with a 6-year exemption from taxes. Having obtained the right of free religion, the “Poles” of Altai maintained their faith, did not make peace, kept divisions into “priests” and “bespopovtsy” (the latter were fewer), and opposed mixed marriages. Most likely they could be attributed to the chapel consent. Due to their religious isolation and related historical and religious reasons, the Poles lived an isolated life, which helped preserve the realities and dialectal features.
See also
- " Semey "
- " Masons "
- " Lipovane "
- " Riga "