Lukyanovskoye Jewish cemetery - the Jewish cemetery in Kiev , on Lukyanovka , is now almost lost.
| Cemetery | |
| Lukyanovsky Jewish cemetery | |
|---|---|
 The remains of the Lukyanovsky Jewish cemetery | |
| A country |  Ukraine |
| City | Kiev |
| Denomination | |
| Established | |
Content
Cemetery History
The Jewish cemetery on the then outskirts of Kiev - Lukyanovka - was opened in 1894 , in the space between modern Melnikov street and Repyakhov Yar tract. This vast necropolis occupied an area of over 25 hectares. He was surrounded by a capital wall with arched gates. On the territory of the cemetery was a brick office building, a burial room, and other ritual structures (architect - Vladimir Nikolaev ). Tens of thousands of Jews were buried here. Among the various burials, the family crypt of the famous Brodsky sugar makers stood out, the leader of the Kiev Zionists, Dr. Max-Emanuel Mandelstamm (later the ashes were transferred to the Berkovets cemetery ), lawyer Alexander Goldenweiser , several Jewish righteous tzadiks, the main rabbi of Kiev, Weissblat Jewish , Nuhim pogrom in Kiev in 1905 . A small necropolis of Karaites was adjacent to the Jewish cemetery from the west.
In 1937, the cemetery was closed for burial; part of the wall by that time was dismantled into brick, replacing it with a wooden fence. During the Nazi occupation, many graves were destroyed and desecrated. In August-September 1943, hundreds of stone gravestones were used to build bonfires on which the bodies of those killed in Babi Yar were burned.
The cemetery suffered even more barbaric destruction in the late 1950s. The writer Viktor Nekrasov testified:
I walk along a shady alley. Quietly, desertedly, rustling leaves underfoot. Around ... Around the thousands, tens of thousands of defeated, broken, warped monuments ... The old Jewish cemetery ... I turn into another alley, the third, fourth ... The same picture. Multi-ton granite, marble monuments in dust, in fragments. Small oval portraits are broken by a stone blow ... Marbles are torn off in the mausoleums and crypts, it is better not to read the inscriptions on the walls ... It is known that the Germans, in a fit of blind anger, destroyed the central alley. The rest did not have the strength and desire. The rest is done later. By whom? No one knows or is silent. [one]
Since 1958, a series of burials from the devastated Lukyanovsky Jewish cemetery was moved to the northwestern outskirts of the city - the Berkovets city cemetery. In 1962, the city executive committee officially decided to destroy the largest Jewish necropolis. The wall was finally dismantled (only a fragment remained), the ritual premises were demolished, most of the graves died, and the tombstones were destroyed or plundered. In rare cases, the ashes were transported abroad (this was the case with the burial of the founder of the party, Poalei Zion, Bera Borokhov , who has been in Israel since 1963).
To date, a skyscraper of a new television hardware-studio complex has been built on the territory of the Lukyanovsky Jewish cemetery; a sports complex operates on the site of the Karaite cemetery. From the huge number of burials there were several damaged gravestones near the Menorah monument. The Jewish community of San Francisco ( USA ) provided funds for their fencing in 1994 with a symbolic fence.
In the former premises of the cemetery office (now 44 Melnikova St.), a base for hockey players is set up.
List of Buried
- Lazarus Brodsky
- Alexander Goldenweiser
- Weissblat, Nukhim Yankelevich
- Max Mandelstam [2]
Notes
Literature
- Kiev. Historical encyclopedia. 1917-2000 pp. (Ukrainian)
- Protsenko L. History of the Kiev necropolis. - Kyiv, 1995. - P.253-256. (Ukrainian)
- Kalnitsky M. Jewish addresses of Kiev: Guide to cultural and historical places. - K .: Duh i Litera, 2012 .-- S.335-342.
- Kalnitsky M. Before the history of the Jewish cemeteries of Kiev // Scientific notes: Zbіrnik prats of young people and those graduate students. - Volume 9. - Kiev, 2002. - S.151-165. (Ukrainian)