Moskvich-410

Soon after the start of the campaign for the development of virgin lands , due to the need for rapid repair of equipment in the field, the question arose of providing private vehicles to machine operators. GAZ-69 was not suitable for these purposes due to excessive fuel consumption. In 1955, the first prototypes of the M72, better known as the GAZ-M-72 , a comfortable all-terrain vehicle based on the recycled Pobedy and GAZ-69 units, were created at the Gorky Automobile Plant ^[1] . The idea of ​​off-road cars based on cars came to the liking of the top party leaders.

In 1956, the development of the prototype M-73 began , the main difference from the previous one was that it was created from scratch, without being tied to any body ^[1] . The engine and a number of units was borrowed from the Moskvich-402 . However, due to the lack of sufficient production capacity at GAZ, all developments were transferred to MZMA, the car was not launched into the series.

Apart from a number of design innovations (for example, a two-stage transfer case), the new SUV largely copied Moskvich-402. In the first quarter of 1957 Moskvich-410 was put into mass production.

The mass operation of the 410th revealed a number of defects (see Defects of design ), therefore almost immediately at MZMA , work began on creating an entirely new all-wheel drive "Moskvich". The first prototype was assembled in 1957. Both externally and constructively, the prototype resembled the American SUV Willys MB . In 1958, the body was changed - the prototype with a canvas convertible was given the name "Moskvich-415". In 1960, the model was designed with a metal body - Moskvich-416.

In 1961 , with the change of leadership of MZMA, priorities were changed. The management of the plant adopted a resolution on the termination of the development of a family of all-terrain vehicles and an increase in production of the Moskvich-407 , which is in demand in the West. The 415th and 416th were never launched in the series.

In comparison with the 402nd model, the Moskvich-410 received a reinforced body, adopted the steering mechanism from the Pobeda , the engine lubrication system was equipped with an oil radiator, and Bendix-Weiss-type equal angular velocity hinges were used in the front axle. Especially for the 410th, a two - stage transfer case was designed. Telescopic shock absorbers have been replaced by lever. The latter were more suitable for off-road use. At the 410th, tires of an increased dimension of 6.40–15 "were installed with a special" jagged "tread pattern. The ground clearance was increased to 220 mm, which increased throughput. The car could overcome the ford to a depth of 0.5 m and a slope rise to 33 Others than the Moskvich-402 transmission transmission ratios were selected, resulting in improved traction, but the maximum speed decreased (from 105-115 km / h in 402 to 85 - in 410).

The Moskvich-410N modernized in 1958 and the Moskvich-411 station wagon, which began production a year later, received a new, more powerful engine and a 4-speed gearbox from the Moskvich-407. The gear ratio of the gearbox of the main transmission of the rear axle was reduced (but at the same time the power range of the transmission increased from 8.25 to 8.9), which increased the maximum speed by 10 km / h. "Moskvich-410" is still not a complete all-terrain vehicle, which was produced at the same time, the GAZ-69. The instructions for use clearly indicate that the all-wheel drive car "Moskvich-410" "is characterized only by increased cross-country ability, but it is not an all-terrain vehicle, so you should not try to use it on particularly heavy roads and in conditions that do not match their capabilities" .

Design Defects

Due to the high center of gravity, the Moskvich-410 was unstable on the road. So, when cornering at high speed or side rolls, the car was prone to tilting.

The body structure was not rigid enough. When operating in off-road conditions with a large load, the power elements of the body quickly "got tired" and could burst.

Despite all this, many copies of the car quite successfully survived to our days and are in working condition.

• Do not have 100 rubles ... (26-27 minutes of the film - the car is on the side of the road, gray)

In September 2010, in the framework of the project “ Avtolegendy USSR ”, the model number of the Moskvich-410 car of dark green color came out 42nd.

• Moskvich-410 (1957-1958) - the base sedan with a body and engine from the "Moskvich-402";
• Moskvich-410N (1958-1961) - a modernized sedan with a body and engine from the "Moskvich-407";
• Moskvich-411 (1959-1961) - wagon with a body from the "Moskvich-423N";

• Moskvich-431 (1960) - a van with a body from the "Moskvich-430", was made the only prototype.

• Moskvich-410
• Moskvich-410. Brief instructions for care / Ed. A.F. Andronova. - M .: MZMA , 1959.
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