Ytterbium (III) Chloride

Ytterbium chloride
Ytterbium chloride
General
Systematic ; name	Ytterbium chloride
Traditional names	Ytterbium chloride
Chem. formula	Ybcl 3
Physical properties
condition	colorless (white) crystals
Molar mass	279.40 g / mol
Density	krist. 5.75 g / cm³
Thermal properties
T. melt.	865; 875 ° C
Enthalpy of Education	-961.1 kJ / mol
Classification
Reg. CAS number	10361-91-8
PubChem
Reg. EINECS number
Smiles
Inchi
Chebi
ChemSpider

Ytterbium (III) chloride is a binary inorganic compound, a metal salt of ytterbium and hydrochloric acid with the formula YbCl ₃ , colorless (white) crystals, readily soluble in water, form a crystalline hydrate .

Content

1 Receiving
2 Physical properties
3 Chemical properties
4 Literature

Getting

The effect of chlorine on metallic ytterbium:

{\mathsf {2Yb+3Cl_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {300^{o}C}}\ 2YbCl_{3}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {2Yb + 3Cl_ {2} \ {\ xrightarrow {300 ^ {o} C}} \ 2YbCl_ {3}}}}

The reaction of hydrochloric acid with metallic ytterbium , ytterbium oxide , hydroxide or sulfide :

{\mathsf {2Yb+6HCl\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 2YbCl_{3}+3H_{2}\uparrow }}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {2Yb + 6HCl \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ 2YbCl_ {3} + 3H_ {2} \ uparrow}}}

{\mathsf {Yb_{2}O_{3}+6HCl\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 2YbCl_{3}+3H_{2}O}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {Yb_ {2} O_ {3} + 6HCl \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ 2YbCl_ {3} + 3H_ {2} O}}}

{\mathsf {Yb(OH)_{3}+3HCl\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ YbCl_{3}+3H_{2}O}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {Yb (OH) _ {3} + 3HCl \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ YbCl_ {3} + 3H_ {2} O}}}

{\mathsf {Yb(OH)_{3}+3HCl\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ YbCl_{3}+3H_{2}O}}

{\mathsf {Yb_{2}S_{3}+6HCl\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 2YbCl_{3}+3H_{2}S\uparrow }}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {Yb_ {2} S_ {3} + 6HCl \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ 2YbCl_ {3} + 3H_ {2} S \ uparrow}}}

The reaction of ytterbium (II) chloride with hydrochloric acid :

{\mathsf {2YbCl_{2}+2HCl\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 2YbCl_{3}+H_{2}\uparrow }}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {2YbCl_ {2} + 2HCl \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ 2YbCl_ {3} + H_ {2} \ uparrow}}}

Physical Properties

Ytterbium (III) chloride forms colorless (white) crystals of monoclinic syngony , space group C 2 / m , cell parameters a = 0.673 nm, b = 1.165 nm, c = 0.638 nm, β = 110.4 °, Z = 4.

It is well dissolved in water.

It forms crystalline hydrates of the composition YbCl ₃ • 6H ₂ O.

Chemical Properties

Anhydrous salt is obtained by drying crystalline hydrate in vacuum :

{\mathsf {YbCl_{3}\cdot 6H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {180^{o}C,NH_{4}Cl}}\ YbCl_{3}+6H_{2}O}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {YbCl_ {3} \ cdot 6H_ {2} O \ {\ xrightarrow {180 ^ {o} C, NH_ {4} Cl}} \ YbCl_ {3} + 6H_ {2} O}} }

When heated, decomposes:

{\mathsf {2YbCl_{3}\ {\xrightarrow {1300-1400^{o}C}}\ 2YbCl_{2}+Cl_{2}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {2YbCl_ {3} \ {\ xrightarrow {1300-1400 ^ {o} C}} \ 2YbCl_ {2} + Cl_ {2}}}}

Reacts with alkalis :

{\mathsf {YbCl_{3}+3NaOH\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ Yb(OH)_{3}+3NaCl}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {YbCl_ {3} + 3NaOH \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ Yb (OH) _ {3} + 3NaCl}}}

It is restored by hydrogen or electrolysis :

{\mathsf {2YbCl_{3}+H_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {560^{o}C}}\ 2YbCl_{2}+2HCl}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {2YbCl_ {3} + H_ {2} \ {\ xrightarrow {560 ^ {o} C}} \ 2YbCl_ {2} + 2HCl}}}

{\mathsf {2YbCl_{3}\ {\xrightarrow {e^{-}}}\ 2YbCl_{2}+Cl_{2}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {2YbCl_ {3} \ {\ xrightarrow {e ^ {-}}} \ 2YbCl_ {2} + Cl_ {2}}}}

It enters into metabolic reactions:

{\mathsf {YbCl_{3}+3HF\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ YbF_{3}\downarrow +3HCl}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {YbCl_ {3} + 3HF \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ YbF_ {3} \ downarrow + 3HCl}}}

Literature

Chemical Encyclopedia / Editorial Board: Knunyants I.L. et al. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1990. - T. 2. - 671 p. - ISBN 5-82270-035-5 .
Chemistry Handbook / Editorial: Nikolsky B.P. et al. - 3rd ed., rev. - L .: Chemistry, 1971. - T. 2. - 1168 p.
Lidin R.A. and other Chemical properties of inorganic substances: Textbook. manual for universities. - 3rd ed., Rev. - M .: Chemistry, 2000 .-- 480 p. - ISBN 5-7245-1163-0 .