Pan-Slavic colors

The combination of white, red and blue colors, later called Slavic, is known on the banners of Slavic countries from the XIII century: the flag of Serbia in the source in 1281 is known to be red and blue ( “vexillum unum de zendato rubeo et blavo” - “flag equals red and blue " ^[5] ); the blue with a red and white eagle, the banner of Moravia was fixed by the 1407 ^[6] ; the flags of Poland from the 15th century were red with a white eagle; White-blue-red banners are also shown on the Stockholm rollout , illustrating the solemn procession in Krakow in 1605 ^[7] .

At the Slavic Congress in Prague in 1848, according to G. V. Vilinbakhov , the participants decided that they would take the Russian white-blue-red flag as the basis for the flags of their liberation movements ^[3] . At the congress itself, the Czech- speaking Moravs performed under the white-red-blue flag ^[8] . In the same year, the Serbs of Lusatia proclaimed the symbol of the blue-red-white tricolor as their symbol ^[9] . Also these colors, but in a slightly different sequence (blue-white-red), were used by Ban Austrian Croatia J. Jelacic in 1848, the flag of which goes back to the modern flag of Croatia . Slovenian patriots repeated the Russian tricolor ^{[10] [3]} in the arrangement of colors, and the Slovak revolutionaries in 1848 adopted a reverse order of colors for their flag — red-blue-white. Since 1918, blue-white-red colors have become a symbol of a single south-Slavic state ^[3] .

Abroad more often saw the Russian white-blue-red flag waving on merchant ships. In accordance with international tradition, as a rule, the national or state flag is simultaneously the flag of a civilian fleet ^[3] . It is not surprising that sometimes it was considered to be the “Russian national flag” ^{[11] [12]} . Yes, and in the Russian Empire itself, the Petrovsky white-blue-red flag was often considered a philistine, that is, civilian , and after it was approved by the state black-yellow-white flag in 1858, the latter was perceived by the society as a government flag in the first place ^[12] .

At the II Slavic Congress , held in 1867 in Russia, the main symbol was the white-gold banner, which depicted the Slavic primary teachers Cyril and Methodius , and above them, the Savior, blessing them for the Apostolic feat. According to newspaper publications of that time, this banner of Slavic unity evoked the respect of all those present ^{[13] [14]} .

There is also a version about the origin of the Pan-Slavic colors from the colors of the French Revolution of 1789, symbolizing the revolutionary ideals ^[15] .

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  The trade (1709–1917) and national (1896–1914, 1917) flag of Russia
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  The national flag of Serbia (1835–1941)
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  The national flag of Slovenia during the revolution in 1848
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  Flag of the Slovak Revolution in 1848
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  Flag of Moravia in 1848
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  The historical flag of Moravia , used in the second half. XIX - beg. XX centuries
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  The inaugural banner of the ban of Croatia Y. Jelacic in 1848
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  Flag of the Polish uprising in 1863
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  Samara Banner (1877)
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  Trade Flag of Montenegro (1881–1918)
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  The national flag of Montenegro (1905-1918 and 1941-1944)
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  National flag of Montenegro (1910-1918)
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  Flag for use in private life. Russian Empire, 1914-1917
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  Flag of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs (1918)
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  Flag of the Duchy of Krajn (until 1918)

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  Flag of Yugoslavia (1918)
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  Flag of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (1939–1945)
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  Flag of Slovakia (1939–1945, 1990–1992)
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  Flag of SFR of Yugoslavia (1945)
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  Flag of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1947–1992)
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  Flag of the SR of Serbia (1947–1992)
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  Flag of the Slovak Republic of Slovenia (1947–1991)
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  Flag of the SR of Croatia (1947–1990)
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  Flag of Montenegro (1947–1992)
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  Flag of Montenegro (1993–2004)

The flags of most of the Slavic countries have white-blue-red colors in various versions, located, as a rule, horizontally. Bulgarian researcher Ivan Stoychev ^[16] believes that the choice of the colors of the Bulgarian flag was also influenced by the popularity of Russia with its tricolor. The flags of the unrecognized Luhansk and Donetsk people's republics were created during the pro-Russian rallies initially after the pattern and likeness of the Russian tricolor with a two-headed eagle in the center ^[17] , changing the color of the upper band. Later on the flags of the LC and the DNI, the eagle was removed.

Modern flags, the colors of which coincide with the Pan-Slavic (colors of the Russian trade flag ^[3] ) or are close to them:

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  Russian flag
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  Flag of the Serbs in Pula (1848)
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  Flag of Bulgaria (1879)
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  Flag of Slovakia (1992)
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  Flag of Slovenia (1991)
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  Flag of Serbia (2004)
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  Flag of Croatia (1939)
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  Flag of the Czech Republic (1920) ^[18]
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  Flag of the Republika Srpska (1992)
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  Flag of the Republic of Serbian Krajina (1992)
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  Flag of Crimea (1992)
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  The flag of the Ruthenian movement ^[19] and the draft flag of the Transcarpathian region (2007)

• Non-slavism
• Tricolor
• Pan-Slavism
• Gay, Slavs - anthem of the Pan-Slavic movement
• Pan-Arab colors
• Pan African colors
• Pan-colored colors
• Scandinavian cross

• Kilunen Kimmo. Encyclopedia strangers around the world and tehnite banners. Prev from Finnish Ezik R. Petrunov . - Sofia: Book publishing house Trud, 2007. - 424 p. - ISBN 978-954-528-775-6 . (Bulgarian)
• Sobolev N. A., Artamonov V. A. Symbols of Russia. Essays on the history of state symbols of Russia. - M .: Panorama, 1993. - 208 p. - ISBN 5-85220-155-3 .
• Sobolev, N. A. Russian State Symbols. - M .: Humanity. ed. Center VLADOS, 2003. - 208 p. - ISBN 5-691-00990-7 .
• Havlík LE Symboly moravské identity // Moravskoslezská orlice. - 1990. - № 14 . - P. 12.
• Zheliba A.V. Slavic colors // Herb. - 2007. - № 2 (94) . - P. 24-29.

• Pan-Slavic colors (slavyane.hut2.ru)
• Flags of Slavic states: How Slavic states divided colors (portalostranah.ru)
• Nationally and Dzhrzhavno Banner (heraldika-bg.org) (Bulgarian)