“Babsak and Kusek” ( Bashk. “Babsakmenәn Kүsәk” ) is the Bashkir epic , a monument of oral folk art. It tells about the rivalry of the Bashkir tribes Kypsak and Burzyans .
| "Babsak and Kusek" | |
|---|---|
| "Babsaҡ menәn Kүsәk" | |
| Genre | epic |
| Original language | Bashkir |
Content
Description
Compositionally, the Bashkir epic “Babsak and Kusek” refers to the final epic of the trilogy , continues the epic legacy of the epics “ Ural-Batyr ” and “ Akbuzat ”. Being their continuation, the epic “Babsak and Kusek” captures the folk tradition of the sequence of development of historical events, possibly having a real relationship, to the history of the Southern Urals .
The Bashkir epic “Babsak and Kusek” is widespread in two versions - Kipchak (under the name “Kusyak-biy” ) and Burzyan (under the name “Babsak-biy and Karagulumbet-biy” ), which differ in the opposite interpretation of the images of the main characters of the legend - Babsak -biya , a batyr of the Kipchak clan, and Karakulumbet-biya , a batyr of a Burzyan clan.
In 1916, S. M. Mukhametkulov for the first time recorded the Kipchak version of the legend in the village of Verkhneitkulovo, Orsky district (according to other sources, based on the Shezhere of the Karagai-Kipchak tribe ). Exists in a poetic and prosaic form. Other versions of the Kipchak version (under the names “Kissai Kusyak-biy” , “Kipsak and Kusyak” , etc.) were recorded by A. Ismagilov, M. A. Burangulov , L. N. Lebedinsky , S. F. Mirzhanova , M M. Sagitov , G. Salam , A. M. Suleymanov, and others.
In 1939, Ali Karnay first recorded the Burzyan version of the epic work in the village of Starosubkhangulovo, Burzyansky District, Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic . Exists in a prosaic form. Other versions of the Burzyan version (under the names “Masim Khan” , “Tuigun-biy” , etc.) were recorded by G. Amiri , G. Salam , N.D. Shunkarov and others.
About 30 versions of the epic are stored in the Scientific Archive of the Ufa Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences .
Story
The Bashkir epic “Babsak and Kusek” reflects distant real historical events - namely, the military rivalry of the Bashkirs from the Burzyan tribe with the Kipchaks who moved to the Southern Urals from Altai . In a long-standing confrontation (from the 7th to the 13th centuries), the Burzyans lost to the Kipchaks.
The folklore work describes the life and life of the Bashkirs under the rule of Khan Masim , the ruler of the union of twelve Bashkir tribes [1] ; the struggle of the people with a huge unprecedented beast who attacked the khanate.
According to the Kipchak version, Babsak-biy kills the "beast", and Karakulumbet-biy, deciding to appropriate his fame, claims that he is the hero - but without proving it, he kills the Batyr of the Kipchak kind. According to the Burzyan version, in the battle with the "beast" the winner was Karakulumbet-biy.
Further events that took place in the epic are displayed in approximately the same way in both versions. After the murder of Babsak-biy and other representatives of the Kipchak family, Karakulumbet-biy marries Babsak's pregnant wife, who has a son, Kusek-biy, born from him. Having matured, Kusek-biy learns about the death of his father from his mother and, in order to take revenge, kills Karakulumbet and his entire family. Only one boy remains from whom the Burzyan clan is being revived. Associated with the latter is the emergence of a new version of the origin of the ethnonym "Burzyan" (from the Bashk. "Ber yun" - "the only soul"). The actions of the hero Kusek-biya in the epic are evaluated in two ways: on the one hand, the justice of karymty is recognized, and on the other, he is accused of cruelty and ferocity.
The ideological meaning laid down in both versions of the legend is the same: about the inadmissibility of internecine wars and a call for the unification of the Bashkir clans.
See also
- Ural Batyr
- Akbuzat
- Babsak Biy
Notes
- ↑ Article in Bashkortostan: a brief encyclopedia Archived on October 30, 2013.