The First Corps of the North Virginia Army ( English The First Corps, Army of Northern Virginia ) otherwise known as the “Longstreet Corps” was one of the corps of the Confederation Army during the American Civil War . It was formed at the beginning of 1861 and operated until the spring of 1865, mainly in the oriental theater. Corps in the beginning commanded by Pierre Beauregard , then - James Longstreet . The corps took part in almost all the major battles of the eastern theater, and also briefly fought in Tennessee. He was disbanded shortly after the capitulation of General Lee under Appommatox.
| I Corps of the North Virginia Army | |
|---|---|
| Years of existence | 1861-1865 |
| A country |  CSA |
| Enters into | North Virginia Army |
| Type of | army corps |
| Includes | 3 divisions, 13 brigades |
| Number of | 21,000 (note) |
| Participation in | US Civil War
|
| Commanders | |
| Famous Commanders | Pierre Beauregard James Longstreet Richard Anderson |
Content
Formation
The first corps was originally a separate army (Confederate Army of the Potomac), commanded by Pierre Beauregard. Under the title "The Army of the Potomac," he took part in the first battle of Bul-Run , then was united with the Shenandoah Army . Now the Army of the Potomac consisted of two “wings”: the first, which Bereggar continued to command, and the second, which was commanded by Major General Gustavus Smith. General Joseph Johnston commanded the whole army.
On June 1, 1862, General Lee took command of the Potomac Army and soon renamed it the Severo-Virginia Army. This army also consisted of two wings (the term "corps" was adopted in September 1862): the first commanded Longstreet, the second - Jackson. This situation persisted until May 1863, when Jackson died and General Lee created an additional Third Corps , transferring to him one of the divisions of the First Corps. Longstreet commanded the corps until the Overland campaign. In the battle in the wilderness, he was wounded, and Richard Anderson was temporarily taking command. From October 1864 to the end of the war, Longstreet commanded the corps again.
1861
1862
Before the Battle of Frederiksberg, the First Corps consisted of twenty brigades, divided into five divisions:
- Lafayette McLawes Division: brigade of Joseph Kershaw , William Barksdale , Thomas Cobb , Paul Semms and 4 batteries of Henry Cabell.
- Richard Anderson's Division: Brigade Cadmus Wilcox , William Mahone , Winfield Featherstone , Ambrose Wright, and Edward Perry .
- George Pickett Division: Richard Garnett , Lewis Armisteads , James Kemper , Mickey Jenkins, and Montgomery Corse Brigades .
- John Hood's Division: brigades of Evander Lowe , Jerome Robertson, George Anderson and Henry Benning.
- Division Robert Ransom: brigade of Robert Ransom and John Cook.
1863
Before the Battle of Gettysburg, the corps numbered 21,031 people. It consisted of 12 brigades, divided into three divisions. Another brigade (Montgomery Corse) was left under Richmond and did not participate in the battle.
- Lafayette McLouz Division (7138 people)
- Joseph Kershaw Brigade, 6 South Carolina Regiments
- William Barksdale Brigade †, 4 Mississippi Regiments
- Brigade of Paul Semmes , 4 Jordian Regiment
- William Wofford Brigade , 5 Jordian Regiments + 1 battalion of snipers
- Division George Pickett
- Richard Garnett Brigade †, 5 Virginia Regiments (including the Eppa Hunton Regiment)
- James Kemper Brigade, 5 Virginia Regiments
- Lewis Armistead Brigade †, 5 Virginia Regiments
- Jenkins Brigade, 4 South Carolina Regiment (located in Richmond)
- John Hood's Division (7374 people)
- Brigade of Evander Low , 5 Alabama Regiments
- Jerome Robertson Texas Brigade , Texas 3 + Arkansas 3rd Infantry Regiment
- George Anderson Brigade, 5 Jorge Regiments
- Henry Benning Brigade, 4 Jordian Regiment
Literature
- Alexander Mendoza. A & M University Press Press, Sep 1, 2008