The Moscow Physico-Medical Society is a scientific medical society in the Russian Empire , created in 1804 to "promote the success of the natural sciences in general and the medical sciences in particular" and dissolved in 1917.
Content
Company Creation
The society was organized on the initiative of Moscow State University trustee M.N. Muravyov in 1804 under the name "Society for the Competition of Medical and Physical Sciences". The charter of 1804 defined the scientific tasks: conducting meteorological observations, statistics of diseases, fertility and mortality in Moscow, the study of occupational diseases. Its main goal was "compiling the physical and medical history of the capital city of Moscow and its environs, as well as medical and physical knowledge of all other provinces of the Russian Empire."
In 1808, the first part of the Society’s works was published, in Latin, under the title: “Commentationes societatis physico-medicae”, as well as the first part of the “Medical-Physical Journal”. The subsequent parts of the Commentationes appeared in 1811–1812, 1821, 1823, and 1825 [1] ; “Medical-Physical Journal” - in 1811-1812 and 1821 [2] . In 1811-1812, the president of the society, V. M. Richter, at his own expense published in German the “History of Medicine in Russia” [3] .
The activities of society were interrupted twice: in 1812-1815 (due to the war) and in 1830 (due to the cholera epidemic ).
In 1830, "Notes of the Society of Physical and Medical Sciences" began to be published. The works of members of the Society were published in the Moscow Medical Gazette, and since 1858 they have been published in separate brochures.
Since 1846, it became known as the Physico-Medical Society. According to the charter of 1846, all members of the company were divided into honorary, current and correspondents; its members could be all professors and teachers of the university without presenting special works [4] . . The position of vice president was introduced.
The printed organ in the period 1847-1858 was the Medical Journal. In 1873-1876, the Society, thanks to the donation of Professor G. A. Zakharyin , published the weekly newspaper “Moscow Medical Herald”. Until 1885, the company’s protocols were published in the Medical Review, and from 1885 the journal “Proceedings of the Physico-Medical Society” began to appear, first edited by Professor L. 3. Morokhovets , then I. M. Syromyatnikov .
In 1886, the title of competing member was established for individuals who contributed capital to award research awards. Over 113 years of its existence, the Society had 104 honorary members, including: Sergey Petrovich Botkin , Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov , Fedor Andreevich Giltebrandt [5] , Louis Pasteur [6] .
Presidents (Chairmen) of the Company
- F.F. Keresturi (1804-1810)
- V. M. Richter (1810-1822)
- F.F. Reuss (1822—?)
- G. Ya. Vysotsky (1838-1848)
- A.E. Evenius (1848-1866)
- A.I. Polunin (1866-1870)
- N. A. Tolsky [7] (1872-1884) [8]
- D. N. Zernov (1885—?)
Notes
- ↑ "Acts of the Physico-Medical Society" in Latin was edited by F. F. Reiss , except for the last, 2nd part of the 3rd volume, edited by A. I. Pole . The magazine was published in one-fourth of the sheet, on good thick paper, with illustrations, with a circulation of 660 copies. It was supposed to print them only in Latin, but articles were printed in French, German and Russian. Some of them were reprinted in Russian by the Medical Physics Journal. "Acts" were sent out free of charge primarily to universities and other scientific and educational institutions of Russia and foreign countries.
- ↑ The Medical-Physics Journal was supposed to be published monthly, which was not implemented, although the Brockhaus dictionary indicates its regular output - see Brockhaus Dictionary . Each of the 3 parts was edited by professors I.F. Vensovich , V.M. Kotelnitsky and V.P. Rizenko . The second part was printed shortly after the first, but for some reason did not go on sale and in 1821, supplemented by new articles, was printed again. According to the charter of the company, the Russian magazine was to be published "in favor of compatriots, and especially nonresident members." The magazine was intended primarily for the popularization of scientific knowledge in Russia among doctors and lovers of natural history. The first part of the journal is now very rare: out of a circulation of 600 copies. managed to sell quite a bit, but after the fire of 1812, only 34 copies were preserved.
- ↑ Public organizations as publishers.
- ↑ As before the Charter, members of the society were ordinary, extraordinary, nonresident, foreign, and honorary. Professors became ordinary, their associates received the title of extraordinary. Members of the society were also: staff physicist, chief physicians of hospitals and trainees, as well as students from excellent students.
- ↑ M. Zion. Giltebrandt, Feodor Andreevich // Russian Biographical Dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.
- ↑ Honorary members of Moscow University
- ↑ Medical necropolis: Tolsky N.A. (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Curriculum Vitae (inaccessible link)
Literature
- Societies // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Tarasenkov A. Historical note on the composition and activities of the Physico-Medical Society, established at the Imperial Moscow University, for the first 50th anniversary of its existence (1805-1855). M., 1856.
- Zernov D.N. Essay on the activities of the Physico-Medical Society, established at the Imperial Moscow University in 1804, over a hundred years of its existence. M., 1904.
- TsIAM, F. 2178, 16 units. Khr., 1865-1879 (Statutes (1865, 1871). Correspondence. Minutes of meetings. Reports on the activities of the company).