Diode Pentoxide

Diode Pentoxide
Diode Pentoxide
Are common
Systematic ; name	Iodine Oxide (V)
Traditional names	Diode pentoxide, iodic anhydride
Chem. formula	I 2 O 5
Physical properties
condition	colorless crystals
Molar mass	333.80 g / mol
Density	4,799 g / cm³
Thermal properties
T. melt.	with different 300 ° C
Chemical properties
Water solubility	187 12 ; 253.4 20 ; 360.8 80 g / 100 ml
Classification
Reg. CAS number	12029-98-0
Pubchem
Reg. EINECS number
SMILES
Inchi
CHEBI
Chemspider

Pentaoxide diiodide (iodine oxide (V), iodic anhydride) is a binary inorganic compound of iodine and oxygen with the formula I ₂ O ₅ , colorless crystals, darken in the light due to decomposition, very hygroscopic , well soluble in water.

Getting

Oxidation of iodine with chlorine oxide (VII) :

{\mathsf {7I_{2}+5Cl_{2}O_{7}\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 7I_{2}O_{5}+5Cl_{2}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {7I_ {2} + 5Cl_ {2} O_ {7} \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ 7I_ {2} O_ {5} + 5Cl_ {2}}}}

{\mathsf {7I_{2}+5Cl_{2}O_{7}\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 7I_{2}O_{5}+5Cl_{2}}}

Degradation of iodic acid :

{\mathsf {2HIO_{3}\ {\xrightarrow {240-250^{o}C}}\ I_{2}O_{5}+H_{2}O}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {2HIO_ {3} \ {\ xrightarrow {240-250 ^ {o} C}} \ I_ {2} O_ {5} + H_ {2} O}}}

{\mathsf {2HIO_{3}\ {\xrightarrow {240-250^{o}C}}\ I_{2}O_{5}+H_{2}O}}

Effect of iodine fluoride on silica :

{\mathsf {4IF_{5}+5SiO_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {150-175^{o}C}}\ 4I_{2}O_{5}+5SiF_{4}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {4IF_ {5} + 5SiO_ {2} \ {\ xrightarrow {150-175 ^ {o} C}} \ 4I_ {2} O_ {5} + 5SiF_ {4}}}}

{\mathsf {4IF_{5}+5SiO_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {150-175^{o}C}}\ 4I_{2}O_{5}+5SiF_{4}}}

Physical Properties

Diiodine pentaoxide forms colorless (white) crystals, which darken in the light due to decomposition.

It is well dissolved in water (reacting).

Slightly soluble in ethanol and insoluble in absolute alcohol , diethyl ether , carbon disulfide , chloroform . It is dissolved in liquid hydrogen fluoride .

Chemical Properties

Decomposed by melting and in the light:

{\mathsf {2I_{2}O_{5}\ {\xrightarrow {300^{o}C}}\ 2I_{2}+5O_{2}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {2I_ {2} O_ {5} \ {\ xrightarrow {300 ^ {o} C}} \ 2I_ {2} + 5O_ {2}}}}

{\mathsf {2I_{2}O_{5}\ {\xrightarrow {300^{o}C}}\ 2I_{2}+5O_{2}}}

Reacts with water to form iodic acid :

{\mathsf {I_{2}O_{5}+H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 2HIO_{3}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {I_ {2} O_ {5} + H_ {2} O \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ 2HIO_ {3}}}

{\mathsf {I_{2}O_{5}+H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 2HIO_{3}}}

Reacts with anhydrous sulfuric acid :

{\mathsf {I_{2}O_{5}+2H_{2}SO_{4}\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 2(IO_{2}^{+})HSO_{4}+H_{2}O}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {I_ {2} O_ {5} + 2H_ {2} SO_ {4} \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ 2 (IO_ {2} ^ {+}) HSO_ {4} + H_ { 2} O}}}

With alkali forms iodata :

{\mathsf {I_{2}O_{5}+2NaOH\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 2NaIO_{3}+H_{2}O}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {I_ {2} O_ {5} + 2NaOH \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ 2NaIO_ {3} + H_ {2} O}}}

The solution in liquid HF can be fluorinated to form IO ₂ F :

{\mathsf {2I_{2}O_{5}+2F_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {0^{o}C}}\ 4IO_{2}F+O_{2}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {2I_ {2} O_ {5} + 2F_ {2} \ {\ xrightarrow {0 ^ {o} C}} \ 4IO_ {2} F + O_ {2}}}

It is a strong oxidizing agent :

{\mathsf {I_{2}O_{5}+5CO\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ I_{2}+5CO_{2}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {I_ {2} O_ {5} + 5CO \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ I_ {2} + 5CO_ {2}}}

{\mathsf {I_{2}O_{5}+10HCl+2KCl\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 2K[ICl_{4}]+2Cl_{2}\uparrow +5H_{2}O}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {I_ {2} O_ {5} + 10HCl + 2KCl \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ 2K [ICl_ {4}] + 2Cl_ {2} \ uparrow + 5H_ {2} O}}}

Application

It is used as an oxidizing agent; in analytical chemistry - to absorb carbon monoxide .

Literature

Chemist Handbook / Redkol .: Nikolsky B.P. et al. - 3rd ed., Rev. - L .: Chemistry, 1971. - T. 2. - 1168 p.
Chemical Encyclopedia / Redkol .: Knunyants I.L. et al. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1990. - T. 2. - 671 p. - ISBN 5-82270-035-5 .
Lidin R.A. and other Chemical properties of inorganic substances: Proc. manual for universities. - 3rd ed., Corr. - M .: Chemistry, 2000. - 480 p. - ISBN 5-7245-1163-0 .
Iodine (V) oxide // Chemical encyclopedic dictionary / Knunyants I.L. (ch. Red.). - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1983. - P. 223. - 792 p. - 100 000 copies