Penetrating waterproofing - materials consisting of Portland cement , fillers and a mixture of chemical compounds (also called active chemical additives). Additives typically include alkali and alkaline earth metal salts , but polymer additives can also be used.
The penetrating effect of materials is based on the spread of chemical additives from the layer deposited on the surface into the depth of the concrete material through its capillary pores filled with water.
The presence of the penetrating effect of the material is confirmed by the indicator [1] : an increase in the waterproof grade of the treated concrete with the removal of the applied material layer.
The absence of the above indicator excludes the guarantee of the success of the result, if such a product is used as penetrating material. For example, the " Water Resistance " indicator indicates exclusively and only the material's own water resistance and refers to a typical list of indicators of the most common repair materials. Moreover, even concrete (especially hydraulic) has a "Water Resistance" from the W6 brand and higher, but they are not penetrating material.
The waterproofing effect of the materials is based on the interaction of chemical additives with calcium compounds (the main part of cements ) in the pores of concrete, causing precipitation and structural change of calcite on the pore surface - and as a result, a decrease in pore size (cross-section), which prevents water entry.
“Penetrating waterproofing” materials are best suited for the repair and waterproofing of concrete and reinforced concrete products and structures, as well as cement-sand plaster coatings.
The waterproofing of structures and structures made of porous concrete ( foam concrete , expanded clay concrete , etc.) and products on an asbestos-cement basis using these materials is ineffective.
The most famous and cheapest penetrating waterproofing is the organosilicon sodium methylsiliconate salt, which was used in the USSR under the name GKZh-11N water repellent. In the form of an aqueous emulsion, it impregnates stone, brick, concrete, asbestos-cement products and fixes in their pores after reaction with carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, forming an insoluble gel of polymer methyl siloxane. Allows you to increase the frost resistance of concrete to 400 cycles or more, increase their water resistance to grade W20 without reducing the strength of the material.
Notes
- ↑ Indicators of repair material with penetrating action . degidrol.ru. Date of treatment July 9, 2018.
Sources
- E.L. Bolshakov. Dry mixes for waterproofing works . rifsm.ru. Date of treatment November 7, 2012. Archived November 23, 2012.
- L.I. Nasryeva. WATER RESISTANCE OF CONCRETE AFTER PROCESSING BY HYDRO-INSULATING IMPREGNATIVE SYSTEMS . izvestija.kgasu.ru. Date of treatment November 7, 2012. Archived November 23, 2012.
- Saliya MG. PROSPECTIVE DIRECTIONS FOR USE OF HYDROPROTECTIVE COMPOSITIONS . nbuv.gov.ua. Date of treatment November 7, 2012. Archived November 23, 2012.
- Waterproofing mixture for the treatment of concrete surfaces, patent RU 2457193.
- When repair material has penetrating effect