Qataban ( Arabic مملكة قتبان ) is a state in Southern Arabia that existed in the 1st millennium BC. er - II c. n er The capital of Katabana was Timna . It was located to the west of Hadramaut and to the east of the Sabaean kingdom .
In V — II centuries. BC er Qataban becomes the strongest state of southern Arabia, and its ruler takes the title mukarrib - an indicator of South Arab hegemony. Shortly before the end of IV or at the beginning of the III century BC. er Katabanu during the reign of King Yada'iba Yigal I Probably, in alliance with the neighboring states, Maine and Hadhramaut managed to get rid of the Sabean hegemony.
In the 1st c. BC er in Katabane, one of the first attempts in the world to create a representative democracy in the form of a kind of “ constitutional monarchy ” was made [1] . In the 1st c. n er Qataban was captured by Himyar .
In the II. n e., after the collapse of the 1st Himyarite Empire, Kataban managed to regain its independence for several decades, but at the end of the second century. He was conquered by Hadramaut, and then came under the control of Saba . At the end of the same century, the territory of Katabana came under the control of Himyar . [2]
The rulers of Katabana
- Shahr Hilal Johanim, son of Yadaab
- between the 1st century BC er - I in. Shahr Hilal, son of Zarakarib
- beginning II c. Nabatum Juhanim, son of Shahr Hilal
Notes
- ↑ Korotayev A. Socio-Political Conflict in the Qatabanian Kingdom? (A preliminary re-interpretation of the Qatabanic inscription R 3566). Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 27 (1997): 141–158 .
- ↑ Bafaqīh, M. A., L'unification du Yémen antique. La lutte entre Saba ', Himyar et le Hadramawt de Ier au IIIème siècle de l'ère chrétienne . Paris, 1990 (Bibliothèque de Raydan, 1).