Potassium bromate

Potassium bromate
Potassium bromate
Are common
Systematic ; name	Potassium bromate
Traditional names	Potassium bromate
Chem. formula	KBrO 3
Physical properties
condition	colorless crystals
Molar mass	167.00 g / mol
Density	3.27 g / cm³
Thermal properties
T. melt.	with decomp. 434 ° C
Enthalpy of Education	-342.5 kJ / mol
Chemical properties
Solubility in water	3.1 0 ; 6.87 20 ; 34.28 80 ; 49.7 100 g / 100 ml
Classification
Reg. CAS number	7758-01-2
PubChem
Reg. EINECS number
Smiles
Inchi
Reg. EC number	231-829-8
Codex Alimentarius
RTECS	EF8725000
Chebi
UN number
ChemSpider
Security
LD 50	157 mg / kg (rat, oral)
Toxicity	Toxic, oxidizing agent
GHS icons	[[File: \| 50px \| GHS icon ""]]
NFPA 704	0 3 2 Ox

Potassium bromate is an inorganic compound, a salt of potassium alkali metal and bromic acid with the formula KBrO ₃ , colorless crystals, well soluble in water.

Content

Getting

Dissolution of bromine in a hot concentrated solution of potassium hydroxide or carbonate :

{\mathsf {3Br_{2}+6KOH\ {\xrightarrow {80^{o}C}}\ KBrO_{3}+5KBr+3H_{2}O}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {3Br_ {2} + 6KOH \ {\ xrightarrow {80 ^ {o} C}} \ KBrO_ {3} + 5KBr + 3H_ {2} O}}}

{\mathsf {3Br_{2}+3K_{2}CO_{3}\ {\xrightarrow {80^{o}C}}\ KBrO_{3}+5KBr+3CO_{2}\uparrow }}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {3Br_ {2} + 3K_ {2} CO_ {3} \ {\ xrightarrow {80 ^ {o} C}} \ KBrO_ {3} + 5KBr + 3CO_ {2} \ uparrow}}}

Electrolysis of potassium bromide solution :

{\mathsf {KBr+3H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {e^{-}}}\ KBrO_{3}+3H_{2}\uparrow }}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {KBr + 3H_ {2} O \ {\ xrightarrow {e ^ {-}}} \ KBrO_ {3} + 3H_ {2} \ uparrow}}}

Oxidation of bromine with potassium chlorate in hot dilute nitric acid :

{\mathsf {Br_{2}+2KClO_{3}\ {\xrightarrow {80^{o}C}}\ 2KBrO_{3}+Cl_{2}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {Br_ {2} + 2KClO_ {3} \ {\ xrightarrow {80 ^ {o} C}} \ 2KBrO_ {3} + Cl_ {2}}}}

Oxidation of bromine with chlorine in a solution of potassium hydroxide :

{\mathsf {Br_{2}+5Cl_{2}+12KOH\ {\xrightarrow {80^{o}C}}\ 2KBrO_{3}+10KCl+6H_{2}O}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {Br_ {2} + 5Cl_ {2} + 12KOH \ {\ xrightarrow {80 ^ {o} C}} \ 2KBrO_ {3} + 10KCl + 6H_ {2} O}}}

Decomposition of potassium perbromate :

{\mathsf {2KBrO_{4}\ {\xrightarrow {275^{o}C}}\ 2KBrO_{3}+O_{2}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {2KBrO_ {4} \ {\ xrightarrow {275 ^ {o} C}} \ 2KBrO_ {3} + O_ {2}}}}

Physical Properties

Potassium bromate forms colorless crystals of trigonal syngony , space group R 3m , cell parameters a = 0.6015 nm, c = 0.8142 nm, Z = 3.

It is well soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol , not soluble in acetone .

Chemical Properties

Decomposes on heating:

{\mathsf {2KBrO_{3}\ {\xrightarrow {>434^{o}C}}\ 2KBr+3O_{2}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {2KBrO_ {3} \ {\ xrightarrow {> 434 ^ {o} C}} \ 2KBr + 3O_ {2}}}}

It is a strong oxidizing agent:

{\mathsf {2KBrO_{3}+3C\ {\xrightarrow {400-500^{o}C}}\ 2KBr+3CO_{2}\uparrow }}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {2KBrO_ {3} + 3C \ {\ xrightarrow {400-500 ^ {o} C}} \ 2KBr + 3CO_ {2} \ uparrow}}}

{\mathsf {KBrO_{3}+2NH_{3}\ {\xrightarrow {450^{o}C}}\ KBr+N_{2}\uparrow +3H_{2}O}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {KBrO_ {3} + 2NH_ {3} \ {\ xrightarrow {450 ^ {o} C}} \ KBr + N_ {2} \ uparrow + 3H_ {2} O}}}

Application

As a baking powder of the test (in some countries it is forbidden) - food additive E924.

Literature

Chemical Encyclopedia / Editorial Board: Knunyants I.L. et al. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1988. - T. 1. - 623 p.
Chemistry Handbook / Editorial: Nikolsky B.P. et al. - 2nd ed., rev. - M.-L.: Chemistry, 1966. - T. 1. - 1072 p.
Chemistry Handbook / Editorial: Nikolsky B.P. et al. - 3rd ed., rev. - L .: Chemistry, 1971. - T. 2. - 1168 p.
Lidin R.A. and other Chemical properties of inorganic substances: Textbook. manual for universities. - 3rd ed., Rev. - M .: Chemistry, 2000 .-- 480 p. - ISBN 5-7245-1163-0 .

Potassium bromate


Are common
Systematic name	Potassium bromate
Traditional names	Potassium bromate
Chem. formula	KBrO ₃
Physical properties
condition	colorless crystals
Molar mass	167.00 g / mol
Density	3.27 g / cm³
Thermal properties
T. melt.	with decomp. 434 ° C
Enthalpy of Education	-342.5 kJ / mol
Chemical properties
Solubility in water	3.1 ⁰ ; 6.87 ²⁰ ; 34.28 ⁸⁰ ; 49.7 ¹⁰⁰ g / 100 ml
Classification
Reg. CAS number	7758-01-2
PubChem
Reg. EINECS number
Smiles
Inchi
Reg. EC number	231-829-8
Codex Alimentarius
RTECS	EF8725000
Chebi
UN number
ChemSpider
Security
LD ₅₀	157 mg / kg (rat, oral)
Toxicity	Toxic, oxidizing agent
GHS icons	[[File: \| 50px \| GHS icon ""]]
NFPA 704	0 3 2 Ox