Mikhail Ivanovich Tyazhelnikov (1866-1933) - Major General of the Russian Imperial Army , hero of the First World War , Black Sea Governor in the Armed Forces of the South of Russia.
| Mikhail Ivanovich Tyazhelnikov | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | September 25, 1866 |
| Date of death | December 19, 1933 (67 years old) |
| Place of death | Courbevoie ( France ) |
| Affiliation |  Russian Empire VSYUR |
| Type of army | infantry, General Staff |
| Rank | major general |
| Commanded | 11th Pskov Infantry Regiment , 4th Grenadier Nesvizh Regiment |
| Battles / wars | World War I , Civil War in Russia |
| Awards and prizes | Order of St. Vladimir 4th art. (1906), Order of St. Vladimir , 3rd art. (1912), Order of St. George , 4th art. (1915), Order of St. Stanislav 1st Art., Order of St. Anne 1st Art. (1916) |
Biography
Born September 25, 1866, the son of Lieutenant General Ivan Ivanovich Tyazhelnikov (Jr.) and grandson of the hero of the Crimean War, Lieutenant General Ivan Ivanovich Tyazhelnikov (senior) .
He received secondary education in the Petrovsky Poltava Cadet Corps, after which on September 1, 1884 he was enrolled in the Nikolaev Engineering School .
Released on August 7, 1887, as a second lieutenant in the 5th combat engineer battalion. Exactly two years later Tyazhelnikov was promoted to lieutenant with renaming the second lieutenant guard and enrolling in the Life Guards Lithuanian Regiment . August 7, 1893 promoted to lieutenant .
In 1895, Tyazhelnikov successfully passed the entrance exams to the Nikolaev Academy of the General Staff , which he graduated in 1897 in the 1st category. May 19, 1897 he was promoted to headquarters captain of the guard with renaming as captain and admission to the General Staff. He was appointed to be at the headquarters of the Warsaw Military District . From January 17, 1898 he was the head of the combat department of the headquarters of the Osovets Fortress , and from October 24 of the same year to October 24, 1899 he served the censored command of the company of the Life Guards of the Jaeger Regiment . From December 29, 1899 he was for special assignments at the headquarters of the 5th army corps . On March 31, 1901 he was seconded to the Chuguev Infantry Junker School as a teacher of military sciences; on April 1, 1901 he was promoted to lieutenant colonel . From May 1 to September 1, 1904 he commanded a battalion in the 201st Lebedinsky Infantry Regiment to undergo a qualification.
On September 29, 1904, Tyazhelnikov was appointed correcting the post of chief of staff of the 16th Infantry Division , on February 15 of the following year he was approved in his post and on April 17, 1905 promoted to colonel . In 1908, he was seconded for two months to familiarize himself with the service of artillery and cavalry. June 28, 1910 Tyazhelnikov was appointed commander of the 11th Infantry Pskov Regiment .
On the eve of the outbreak of the First World War, Tyazhelnikov was discharged on June 23, 1914 due to illness, with production as a major general and enlisted on foot in the Black Sea province, but after the outbreak of war he returned to military service on August 15 with the rank of colonel and was appointed commander 4th Grenadier Nesvizh Regiment . He fought with the Germans in Poland. On January 5, 1915, Tyazhelnikov was wounded by a shrapnel bullet during reconnaissance at the town of RadoΕ‘ice, Kopsk district.
By the highest order of April 14, 1915, Tyazhelnikov was awarded the Order of St. George 4th degree
| For the fact that during the period of the detachment Gen.-Leith. Stavrovich at the mountains. Novoradomsk November 7β9, 1914, being the head of the left sector, was given the task of maintaining his position under the onslaught of the strongest enemy, in order to enable the right sector to cover and attack the enemy left flank, he not only fulfilled his task, defending himself, but under a strong and real enemy by fire, he went on the offensive himself, which contributed to the overall success, while 19 officers, 1,200 lower ranks and 10 machine guns were captured. |
Soon he was promoted to major general (with seniority of December 5, 1914). On August 6, 1915, he was appointed managing director of the headquarters of the Petrograd Military District , and in the spring of 1917 he was placed in the reserve of ranks at the headquarters of this district. On June 10, 1917, upon request (due to illness) he was dismissed from service with a uniform and pension.
After the October coup, Tyazhelnikov left for the South of Russia , joined the Armed Forces of the South of Russia and on June 5, 1919 was appointed military governor of the Black Sea province, in October of that year he was commander of troops of the Black Sea coast . After the defeat of the white armies, he emigrated to Serbia , and then to France .
He died on December 19, 1933 in Courbevoie, was buried in the cemetery of Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois .
Rewards
Among other awards, Tyazhelnikov had orders
- Order of St. Vladimir 4th degree (1906)
- Order of St. Vladimir 3rd degree (March 11, 1912)
- Order of St. George 4th degree (April 15, 1915)
- Order of St. Stanislav 1st degree
- Order of St. Anne 1st degree (December 20, 1916)
Sources
- Volkov S.V. Generality of the Russian Empire. Encyclopedic dictionary of generals and admirals from Peter I to Nicholas II. Volume II L β I. - M., 2009. - S. 615. - ISBN 978-5-9524-4167-5
- Volkov S.V. Officers of the Russian Guard. The experience of a martyrology. - M., 2002. - S. 490. - ISBN 5-85887-122-4
- The highest orders of the War Department. To No. 1282 of the "Scout". - S. 518
- Ganin A.V. Corps of officers of the General Staff during the Civil War of 1917-1922. Reference materials. - M., 2009. - S. 362, 435, 609, 736. - ISBN 978-5-85887-301-3
- Romashkevich A. D. Materials on the history of the Petrovsky Poltava Cadet Corps from October 1, 1913 to October 1, 1916. Year 11, 12, 13. - Poltava. 1916 .
- List to the generals by seniority . Compiled on July 10, 1916 - Pg., 1916. - S. 141
- A list of senior colonels. Compiled on March 1, 1914 - St. Petersburg, 1914. - S. 95
- Shabanov V.M. Military Order of the Holy Great Martyr and Victorious George. Nominal lists 1769-1920. Bibliographic reference. - M., 2004 .-- S. 798-799. - ISBN 5-89577-059-2
- Tyazhelnikov, Mikhail Ivanovich . // Project "Russian Army in the Great War".