The Sultanate of Majirtin ( Somal. Saldanadda Majeerteen , Arabic سلطنة مجرتين , Mugirtin transcription is sometimes encountered) is a state that existed on the Somali Peninsula from the middle of the 18th century to the first quarter of the 20th century.
| Historical State | |
| Sultanate of Majirtin | |
|---|---|
| somal Saldanadda majeerteen Arab. سلطنة مجرتين | |
 | |
 →- 1927 | |
| Capital | Ras hafun |
| Languages) | Somali language |
| Religion | Islam |
The Sultanate was founded in the middle of the 18th century by immigrants from the Somali clans Madzhirtin and Darod .
Due to the fact that the sultanate controlled the area of Cape Guardafui , where shipwrecks occurred periodically, the British government entered into an informal agreement with the sultanate: the United Kingdom paid an annual subsidy to the sultan, and the sultan in return provided protection of the crew and protection of cargo against looting; No formal agreement was signed, as the UK did not want to set a precedent for other European countries.
In the middle of the XIX century, Sultan Bokor Osman Mahamuud was forced to protect his throne from the ambitious young cousin Yusuf Ali Quenad . After five years of struggle, Kenadid was forced to flee to Yemen, but ten years later, in the 1870s, he returned with a detachment of mercenaries and, overthrowing the power of the clan Xaviye , created the Khobyo Sultanate on his lands in 1878. The further history of the Somali Peninsula was characterized by the rivalry of the Sultanates of Majirtin and Khobyo. After the sultanate of Khobio passed under the Italian protectorate in 1888, in 1889 the sultan of Majirtina Bokor Osman Mahamuud also signed a protectorate agreement with Italy.
In 1923, a new governor, Cesare Maria de Vecchi, arrived in Somalia, Italy . At that time, Italy directly controlled only the coastal region of Benadir , and De Vecchi decided to expand the Italian colonial empire. To this end, he turned the colonial police into the army, and in 1924 sent a reconnaissance mission to the territory of the sultanates (despite the existence of treaties, the Italians had little information about the geography of the lands formally under their control). Since the sultanates refused to disarm, in October 1925, Italian troops invaded Khobyo and seized it for a month, at the same time a naval blockade of Majirtine dependent on maritime trade began. However, the Somalis fiercely resisted and managed to throw the Italian colonial troops from the territory of the sultanates. Despite the arrival of troops from Eritrea in early 1926, the Italians were able to turn the tide in their favor only in 1927. By the end of 1927, the Sultanate of Madzhirtin was seized by the Italians; Hersey Bokor (son of Bokor Osman) retreated with the remaining troops to the territory of Ethiopia, but was no longer able to regain his lands.