Tisa, Kalman

In 1861 he was elected to the Hungarian parliament , where he immediately took one of the most prominent places in the ranks of the extreme left opposition, fighting the moderate Deak party and striving for political independence of Hungary, on the basis of a personal union with Austria.

In 1865, he, along with Ghyczy, became the leader of the “left center”, and in 1875, after the Deak party broke up, he insisted on the merger of the “left center” with most of the former Deak party and thus formed a new Liberal Party . By its principles, the party was closer to the previous Deak party than to the "left center"; she stood unconditionally on the basis of the Deakovsky agreement with Austria , to which the "left center" at one time fiercely opposed. As a result, part of the “left center” left Tisu and moved into the ranks of the extreme left. However, the new party had a majority in parliament.

From its midst, the Wenkheim Ministry was formed in 1875, in which Tisza received a portfolio of internal affairs. The election of 1875 gave the new party a brilliant victory; after them Tisa formed a ministry in which he kept a portfolio of internal affairs. He extended the agreement with Austria for a second (and subsequently a third) ten-year period. He supported the eastern policies of Andrássy and the occupation of Bosnia, which at first provoked discontent in Hungary. He managed to achieve that in the general Austro-Hungarian policy the decisive role passed to Hungary.

The Austrian government gave him the opportunity to freely and consistently carry out the Magyarization of all non-Magyar elements in Hungary - Slavic and even German. The latter paid Tisse with hatred, and parliament has repeatedly been the site of a fierce struggle between the national opposition and the government. In 1887, Tisza replaced the post of Minister of the Interior with a finance portfolio; in 1889 he refused it and retained only the post of prime minister (without a portfolio).

In 1890, he introduced to the parliament a draft new law on the right of Hungarian citizenship, by virtue of which anyone who had not been in Hungary for 10 years and had not used it in any other way lost this right. This law deprived the leader of the Hungarian revolution of 1848, Kossuth , who lived in Turin and had not visited Hungary since 1849, the rights of Hungarian citizenship. The extreme left, who had long been hostile to Tisse, took advantage of this for sharp attacks on him, which caused stormy scenes in parliament; Kossuth himself issued a sharp protest against the bill. Tisa was ready to include in the new law a special “Koshutovsky paragraph”, which would exempt Kossuth from the consequences of the law, but this caused strong opposition in the cabinet itself, and in March 1890 Tisa resigned.

Since then, he took little part in public life, remaining a deputy and a member of the Liberal Party. In December 1898, when the Banffi ministry and parliament were placed in an extremely difficult situation by obstruction, Tisza proposed the “Tisza law” at the conference of the party, which granted the Banfi ministry exclusive powers for a one-year term (the right to adopt a budget without agreement with parliament, conclude an agreement with Austria etc.). The law was passed by the majority of the Liberal Party, but caused strong discontent even among its midst; the President of the House of Representatives, Dejo Siladia, and both Vice-Presidents resigned and resigned from the Liberal Party; the last was done by many more members. The law was not discussed in parliament and not only did not save the ministry, but even accelerated his resignation.

Voted on the general elections to the Hungarian parliament in October 1901, Tysa was elected in the by-elections in January 1902, but died in the same year.

• Tissa, Hungarian politicians // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Tissa, Koloman // Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron . - SPb. , 1908-1913.