Hedgehog-3

The first experimental cars No. 5561–5573 in August-October 1973 arrived at the Krasnaya Presnya electric depot to work on the Krasnopresnenskaya line, and after them in September-November of the next year, the serial Ezh3 arrived (all or almost all produced for Moscow wagons with numbers 56xx) and the first Em-508T (No. 6398–6399, as well as all or almost all wagons in the range 6400–6443). In turn, all the older wagons “Hedgehog”, “Hedgehog 1”, “Em-508” and “Em-509” (all 1972) were sent to the Severnoye depot to replace the D-type wagons transferred to “Izmailovo” depot for the replacement of cars A ^m and B ^m written off there.

In 1978, the Ezh3 and Em-508T wagons were launched on the Gorky-Zamoskvoretskaya line. For the formation of trains, the Sokol depot received the head cars Ezh3 (produced in 1973, 1974 and 1977) and several intermediate Em-508T wagons from the Planernoe depot (and, possibly, from the Zhdanovskoe depot), as well as new ones “Em-508T” from the factory (almost all wagons produced for Moscow in the range of 6992–7091; several of which were then delivered to the Planernoe depot), some of which, due to the shortage of Hedgehog wagons no longer produced by then; , was converted into the head.

Wagons that did not arrive at the Krasnaya Presnya depot and Sokol depot were sent directly to the Zhdanovskoye and Planernoe depot.

From August 1980 to October 1983, all of them, with the arrival of new cars 81-717 and 81-714, were gradually transferred to the Glider depot. Due to this, at the end of September 1983, the Zhdanov-Krasnopresnenskaya line was transferred to 8-car trains, and the last cars from the Sokol arrived on it in October.

Currently, the Ezh3 and Em-508T wagons in the Moscow metro are operated on the Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya line (with major repairs on the ZREPS), in the Kharkov metro on the Kholodnogorsk-Zavodskaya line , in the Tbilisi metro on the Ahmeteli-Varketilskaya line, where all cars went through the same Moscow modernization, but with the installation of head car masks and painting in the style of Prague 81-71M . In addition, Hedgehog wagons were operated in the Tashkent Metro (transferred to Tbilisi and Baku in 1986–87, some disappeared in an unknown direction) and in the Baku Metro (completely decommissioned by 2009).

•   Play media file

  An electric train from Ezh3 and Em-508T cars on the Koltsevaya line during a train parade in Moscow. Exterior and interior

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  Wagon Ezh3 No. 5824 as part of an electric train at Fili station (Moscow)

• Interior
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  Driver's cab

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  Passenger compartment of the car Hedgehog 3 in Moscow after KVR

Hedgehog-6

Hedgehog-6 or 81-712 - modification of Hedgehog3 for operation on strategic strategic underground lines (D-6) without a contact rail as part of contact-accumulator service trains together with contact-accumulator electric locomotives of type L according to the scheme Hedgehog-6 + 1..2 × L + Hedgehog-6. Structurally, these cars practically did not differ from Ezh3. ^[2]

The first batch of six Ezh-6 cars (numbers 5580–5584, 5590) was produced simultaneously with three electric locomotives L in 1973 , the second of four Ezh-6 cars (numbers 0090–0093, the same with the new numbering of cars 81–717 / 714 ) and three electric locomotives L - already in 1986 after the cessation of the production of Ezh3 cars and the transition to the production of cars 81-717 / 714 , the need for the manufacture of these cars was due to the opening of new sections in the special metro station and the need for an end door in the cab of the head cars, which was absent in 81-717. The hedgehog-6 and L wagons of the first batch were blue-green in color by analogy with the hedgehogs produced at that time, and the second batch had a light blue color. The Hedgehog-6 cars of the second batch differed from the first by the presence of three corrugated bands at the glass level instead of two and the installation of seats in the passenger compartment similar to the seats of 81-717 / 714 cars. ^[2]

Trains from the cars Hedgehog-6 and L were operated in D-6, however, they periodically drove into the territory of the usual metro to recharge the batteries or undergo maintenance. Over time, as the rolling stock was updated to D-6, the Ezh-6 wagons began to be transferred to the Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya line for normal passenger operation together with the Ezh3 wagons. Four “Ezh-6” wagons No. 5581–5584 were upgraded to intermediate ones at ZREPS and all wagons, except 5582, are part of 5680-5675-5670-5694- 5584–5583–5583–5581–5681 of the Passenger Depot fleet, and the wagon 5582 are part of 5696-5582 -5570-5569-5568-5567-5566-5923 passenger fleet depot Vykhino. Wagons Ezh-6 of the second issue in the late 2000s and early 2010s were decommissioned from D-6 and were not transferred to passenger operation: wagons 0090 and 0091, together with wagon 0088 converted into a locomotive, are being mothballed at the Planernoye depot; cars 0092 and 0093 were for some time in the Novogireevo depot and were soon cut.

ETC

In 1997, two “Hedgehog” wagons (5686 and 5983) and one “Hedgehog-6” wagon (5582) were modernized at ZREPS according to the “EzhTK” type. However, modernization according to this option was considered too expensive, as a result of which the wagons were used as official ones, and in 2010 they were converted to the general type of Ezh3, Ezh-6 and Em-508T cars modernized at ZREPS in the 2000s and again began to serve passengers. ^[2]

Contact Battery Locomotive No. 5823

In 1977, Ezh3 car number 5823 was released as a laboratory at the All-Union Research Institute of Car Building Engineering (VNIIV). In 1997, it was converted into a contact-battery electric locomotive: a second control cabin was mounted, the seats were removed, batteries were installed on the sides of the central aisle (similar to 81-580 ). Instead of glass, metal sheets with ventilation grills were installed in the window openings. The modernized car entered the Obolon depot of the Kiev metro and received a two-color blue-yellow color ^[3] .

Wagons modernized in 81-718

In 2004 , in Kharkov, two wagons manufactured by Mytishchi Machine-Building Plant (No. 5714 and No. 5743) underwent a major modernization of the type 81-718.1 ^{[4] [5]} , which made them compatible with cars 81-718 / 719 having a thyristor-pulse control system with which they are operated in the local metro . At the same time, the cabin was also redesigned in accordance with cars 81-718.1, the door is on the left in the direction of travel, and not in the center.

Wagons 81-710.1

In the summer of 2016 , the Kharkiv Metro, as part of a program for the deep modernization of operated railroad cars of the Ezh3 / Em-508T type, began using its own means to modernize one of the five-car trains of Ezh3, partly similar to the modernization of the Kiev metro cars of types E and Hedgehogs of type E and Hedgehogs , type E-KM , with an extension of their service life by 25 years. For modernization, a train with cars 5917-5634-5635-5617-5720 was used ^[6] . The upgraded wagons received the designation of the type 81-710.1 (81-710 is an alternative designation of Hedgehog 3), while the same designation was given to both head and intermediate wagons ^[6] . The cost of upgrading the electric train amounted to 44 million hryvnia. The train received a new color scheme: the roof and bottom of the frontal and side walls were painted white, the upper part of the side walls and most of the frontal mask were black, and the lower half of the side walls and decorative stripes in front were dark blue. Over the next few years, the metro plans to upgrade another 10 trains in a similar way ^[7] .

During the modernization of the head cars, the frontal masks of the driver’s cab were replaced with new fiberglass masks similar to those installed on the E-KM wagons, the interior and driver’s cabins, including the new control panel, were similarly updated. Between the wagons, herringbone-type rubber barriers were installed to prevent passengers from falling on the track and making it difficult for passengers to travel between the wagons outside ^[7] . Also, during the modernization, electrical equipment was replaced, however, unlike E-KM type cars, instead of imported asynchronous drive, ordinary collector traction electric motors and rheostats were installed on the cars ^[8] .

The salons of the head and intermediate wagons 81-710.1 have 36 seats each, however, the seats are separate and have separate backrest and blue seat made of leatherette. Standing storage areas are equipped in the vestibule zones, while in the intermediate cars from the side of the former driver’s cabs above the equipment compartments, tables with horizontal handrails suitable for baggage are equipped. Walls and ceilings are white, handrails, ventilation grilles and continuous light lines in the center of the ceiling are structurally similar to E-KM wagons, but the floor is gray-blue and the handrails are blue ^[8] .

After the completion of modernization in August 2017, the electric train entered the electric depot ТЧ-1 "Moskovskoye" ^[6] , where it began to run-in. On September 1, 2017, a train with passengers was launched on the Kholodnogorsk-Zavodskaya line of the Kharkov Metro, where it is still in operation ^[9] .

• Esch : modification for the Prague metro .
• Ev-3 : modification for the Budapest metro .

• Wagons of the "Hedgehog" type on the Metrovagon website