Sayano-Shushenskoe reservoir - a reservoir formed as a result of the construction of the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric station on the Yenisei River . Altitude is the normal retaining level of 540 m [1] .
| Sayano-Shushenskoe reservoir | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Morphometry | |
| Height above sea level | 540 m |
| Dimensions | 312 × up to 9 km |
| Square | 621 km² |
| Volume | 31.3 km³ |
| Deepest | 220 m |
| Pool | |
| Flowing watercourses | Yenisei , Khemchik , Kantegir |
| Flowing watercourse | Yenisei |
| Location | |
| A country |
|
| Subjects of the Russian Federation | Krasnoyarsk Territory , Tuva , Khakassia |
Description
The reservoir project is an integral part of the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric station . Separate components of the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP project also included sections of the downstream and environmental protection; measures were planned and implemented to mitigate the environmental impact of the reservoir to varying degrees: sanitary preparation of the bed with the elimination of possible sources of pollution of the reservoir that are hazardous to public health; partial forest treatment.
By order of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 16, 2006, the Sayano-Shushenskoye reservoir was included in the list of 70 reservoirs that are strategic sources of drinking water that will be in exclusive federal ownership. The use of their water resources is carried out to ensure drinking and domestic water supply of significant territories of one or more constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
42% of the water mirror of the reservoir is located in Tuva. The overwhelming part of it falls on the plain part of the Tuva Basin - two leathers of the republic of Ulug-Khem and Chaa-Kholsky . During flooding, the city of Shagonar (Old Shagonar) and the village of Chaa-Khol were under water.
Reservoir Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station - seasonal regulation. At a design level with a normal retaining level, the reservoir extends over 312 km from the dam, of which 77 km - within the Republic of Tuva , including 52 km in the Tuva Basin, then 235 km - across the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Territory and along the border between the Krasnoyarsk Territory and the Republic Khakassia in the Sayan gorge.
On the Sayan reservoir 11 regularly encountered rare species of birds are listed in the Red Book of Russia. For golden eagle , saker falcon, peregrine falcon , osprey, a stable number is provided by the protected regime. At the same time, the optimal conditions for the Golden Sayan eagle are preserved precisely in the reserved part of the reservoir and its tributaries. Additional protection measures, similar to those carried out for the osprey, must be taken for the black stork , which nested earlier in the flooded areas of the Yenisei River in Tuva, its tributaries Bolshaya Pashkina, Joy. In these places, the stork continues to meet, but nesting is not confirmed [2] .
Hydrological parameters
At a normal retaining level, the reservoir has the following characteristics [3] :
- within the Sayan Gorge: width - 0.5-3 km, depth - from 30 to 220 m (at the dam of the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station);
- in the Tuva Basin (where the reservoir has a lake-like character): width - 6–9 km, depth - from 8 to 30 m;
- reservoir mirror area - 621 km²;
- total reservoir volume - 31.34 km³;
- usable volume - 15.34 km³;
- the annual course of the water level in the reservoir due to its discharge through the SSHHP units reaches 40 m.
See also
- Sayano-Shushensky reserve
Notes
- ↑ Sayano-Shushenskoe reservoir . Federal Agency for Water Resources . Date of treatment June 23, 2017.
- ↑ V. A. Stakheev Sayano-Shushensky Biosphere Reserve in the system of compensating environmental measures in the zone of the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station
- ↑ V. A. Stafievsky, L. Ya. Romov. The environmental impact of the Sayano-Shushensky hydropower complex
Topographic maps
- Map sheet M-46-III Shagonar . Scale: 1: 200 000. Indicate the date of issue / condition of the area .