RSD-1 ( DA ) - a locomotive of the type 3 o –3 o and a capacity of 1000 liters. from. , manufactured by American Locomotive Company (ALCO) from 1942 to 1946 . RSD-1 was developed at the request of the US Transportation Corps and is structurally a six-axis version of the RS-1 diesel locomotive. Initially, they were built for Iran , later a significant consignment (70 according to Soviet data, 2 of them drowned on the way) of these diesel locomotives entered the Soviet Union , where they were assigned the designation DA ( ALKO’s diesel locomotive , initially DA 20 ). In 1947, the USSR began production of TE1 series diesel locomotives , which were copies of DA diesel locomotives. A smaller number of RSD-1 diesel locomotives were operated on the railways of North America (USA and Mexico).
| RSD-1 Y A | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Yes 20-09 in the railway museum at Warsaw Station | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Production | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Country of construction |  USA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Plant | American locomotive company | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Years of construction | November 1942 - May 1946 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total built | 150 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical details | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kind of service | Passenger and cargo , shunting | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Axial formula | 3 0 -3 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Full Service Weight | 121.2 t | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Locomotive length | 16 852 mm (on the axes of automatic couplings) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wheel diameter | 1016 mm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Track width | 1435 mm 1524 mm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diesel type |
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| Gear type |  DC electric | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Type TED | GE- 731D | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TED output power | 6 × 99 kW | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Construction speed | 96 km / h | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Exploitation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Countries |  Iran  USSR USA  Mexico | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
History
The 4-axle predecessors of this diesel locomotive were built in the United States starting in March 1941 and were designated RS-1 . In 1942, its 6-axis version was created - RSD-1 .
In 1943, the NKPS of the Soviet Union raised the question of ordering a series of such diesel locomotives in the United States.
Since June 1945, D- A diesel locomotives began to be commissioned in the USSR.
Compared with the basic version of the locomotive (RS-1) in this modification (according to some data - especially for delivery to the USSR [1] ) the axial formula was changed to reduce the load on the rails: RS-1 - 2 0 - 2 0 , D A (RSD-1) - 3 0 - 3 0 .
Initially, the full name of the series was DA 20, and since 1947 it began to be found (both in the literature and on the locomotives themselves) the designation is simply DA.
D-series diesel locomotives entered the Soviet Union by sea through the ports of Murmansk and Molotovsky (near Arkhangelsk ). After transportation, diesel locomotives had to be collected, after which they were sent to the Ramenskoye depot in the Moscow-Ryazan railway near Moscow .
In preparing the locomotives for the government train to Potsdam in July 1945, where the conference of the three powers was to be held, it was decided to use the locomotive DA 20-27 as a cover locomotive. Soon after Mozhaisk, the government train stopped on the rise due to the blocking of the engine. After that, the locomotive was replaced by a diesel locomotive DA 20-27, which led the train to Potsdam [2] [3] [4] .
In total, 68 D-series diesel locomotives arrived from the United States to the Soviet Union in the first half of 1945. Diesel locomotives DA 20-41 and DA 20-50 sank during sea transportation.
Due to the need to repair diesel locomotives D A and D B , the Astrakhan diesel locomotive repair plant was built.
In the late 40s, the diesel locomotive TE1 was developed on the basis of the diesel locomotive DA . The locomotive was carried out with the repetition of the design of the diesel locomotive DA, however, changes were made to the design in connection with the transfer of dimensions from feet and inches to the metric system. The diameter of the driving wheels was changed, brake equipment was replaced, the diameter of the cylinders and the piston stroke of the diesel engine and some other parameters. The first diesel locomotive TE1 Kharkov Plant of Transport Engineering released in March 1947 .
Diesel locomotives have been in operation for about 40 years. The largest number of D-series diesel locomotives was excluded from the inventory of the USSR railways in the 80s.
Notes
- ↑ Rakov V.A. Locomotives of domestic railways (1845–1955). - 2nd ed. - M.: Transport, 1995. S. 394-402, 433. ISBN 5-277-00821-7
- ↑ Train No. 1 Archival copy of June 27, 2009 on the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Pages of diesel traction. Part 1
- ↑ They were not reported in the bulletins ... (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment December 12, 2009. Archived on May 27, 2008.
Links
- Description of D-series diesel locomotives from the books of V. A. Rakov