Arvi (لسان الأروي Lisan-ul-Arvi or Lisan al-Arvi ; Arvi language [1] ; அரபு - தமிழ் Arabic-Tamil) is a written dialect of the Tamil language that uses the Arabic alphabet for writing [2] . The emergence of such a dialect is explained by the extensive lexical influence of the Arabic language [1] . Arvi was widely used by the Muslim minority of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka [1] . Several Islamic schools still teach the basics of Arvi.
| Arvi | |
|---|---|
| Type of letter | Consonant letter |
| Languages | Arvi's language |
| Territory | Tamil Nadu ( India ), Sri Lanka |
| Letter direction | from right to left |
| Origin | Egyptian hieroglyphic writing
|
| Unicode range | Arabic |
| ISO 15924 | Arab, 160 |
Content
History
Arvi was the result of a cultural exchange between Tamil Arabs and Muslim Muslim mariners in the Tamil Nadu region. It was widely used in local jurisprudence , Sufism , law , medicine and sexology , from which little has been preserved. It was used as a bridge for Tamil-speaking Muslims to study the Arabic language [3] . Numerous manuscripts of hadiths on arvi were found. Most fiqh books, in particular Imam Shaafi and Imam Abu Hanif, were also found written in Arvi. In 1926, a translation was found on the arvi bible . Arvi made a significant contribution to the education and progression of Muslim women in South India and Sri Lanka. Women who own arvi were active participants in the social structure of society, playing a vital role in education, medicine, and even politics.
Most of the works written in arvi died in two time periods: in the 16th century with the arrival of the Portuguese in the region and in the 20th century with the advent of a cheap typographic method of printing books. Using Arabic graphics made it difficult for Arvi to adapt to print.
Currently, most of the manuscripts stored in homes and in private, public and institutional libraries are damaged and destroyed by insects ( termites ). Efforts are being made to stop extinction and revive the language.
Arvi is still used among the more traditional Indian Tamil Muslims and Sri Lankan Laracalla .
Writing
The Arvi alphabet is the Arabic alphabet with thirteen additional letters used to represent Tamil vowels e and o and several Tamil consonants that cannot be matched with Arabic sounds [1] .
Arvi Alphabet Letters [4]
Consonant letters
|
|
- Letter not yet listed in Unicode .
Vowel letters
| Tamil letter. Independent signs for vowels | Tamil letter. Addicted signs for vowels | MFA | Arvi. Writing Separately and at the beginning the words | Arvi. Spelling in the middle and at the end of a word |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| அ | [ʌ] | اَ | َ◌ | |
| ஆ | ா | [a:] | اٰ | ا َ◌ |
| இ | ி | [i] | يِ | ِ◌ |
| ஈ | ீ | [i:] | يِي | ي ِ◌ |
| உ | ு | [u], [ɯ] | اُ | ُ◌ |
| ஊ | ூ | [u:] | اُو | و ُ◌ |
| எ | ெ | [e] | يࣣ (picture) | ࣣ◌ (picture) |
| ஏ | ே | [e:] | يࣣي (picture) | ي ࣣ◌ (picture) |
| ஐ | ை | [ʌj] | اَي | ي َ◌ |
| ஒ | ொ | [o] | اٗ | ٗ◌ |
| ஓ | ோ | [o:] | اٗو | و ٗ◌ |
| ஔ | ௌ | [ʌʋ] | اَو | و َ◌ |
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Torsten Tschacher (2001). Islam in Tamilnadu: Varia. (Südasienwissenschaftliche Arbeitsblätter 2.) Halle: Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg. ISBN 3-86010-627-9 . (Online versions available on the websites of the university libraries at Heidelberg and Halle: http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/savifadok/volltexte/2009/1087/pdf/Tschacher.pdf and http: // www. suedasien.uni-halle.de/SAWA/Tschacher.pdf ).
- ↑ R. Cheran, Darshan Ambalavanar, Chelva Kanaganayakam (1997) History and Imagination: Tamil Culture in the Global Context. 216 pages, ISBN 978-1-894770-36-1
- ↑ 216 th year commemoration today: Remembering His Holiness Bukhary Thangal Sunday Observer - January 5, 2003. Online version Archived October 2, 2012. accessed on 2009-08-14
- ↑ Torsten Tschacher. "Islam in Tamilnadu: Varia". Page 8 - 17.
- Shu'ayb, Tayka. Arabic, Arwi and Persian in Sarandib and Tamil Nadu . Madras: Imāmul 'Arūs Trust, 1993.