Glyphis garricki is one of the species of the genus Freshwater Gray Shark , family Carcharhinidae . This species of shark is found in scattered tidal rivers and the associated coastal waters of northern Australia and possibly Papua New Guinea . It lives in reservoirs with muddy water and a soft bottom. Young sharks are moving from freshwater to saltwater and back. This species is similar to other gray sharks , it has a dense gray body with a high back, tiny eyes and wide fins. Individuals reach a size of 2.5 m.
| Glyphis garricki |
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| Scientific classification |
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| No rank : | Bilateral symmetric |
| Rod: | Freshwater Gray Shark |
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| International Scientific Name |
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Glyphis garricki Compagno, WT White & Last, 2008 |
| Area |
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| Security status |
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Endangered SpeciesIUCN 3.1 Critically Endangered : 42712 |
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The diet probably consists of various fish. This is a viviparous shark species. There are 9 or more sharks in litters. The female gives birth to offspring every other year until the onset of the rainy season . These sharks rarely get caught in the net, but they may suffer from deteriorating habitat conditions. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) assessed the conservation status of this species as “Endangered Species” (CR).
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The first known specimens consisted of two newborn males from Papua New Guinea, discovered in New Zealand by ichthyologist Jack Garrick, after whom a new species will eventually be named. Until 2008, this shark was called Glyphis sp. C, until it was formally described by Leonard Kompanio, William White, and Peter Last in the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) newspaper. The last type specimen of the species was a 67 cm long female caught in the East Alligator River, in the Kakadu National Park in the Northern Territory [1] .
The sharks of the species Glyphis garricki inhabit the King Sound, Doktors Creek near Derby in Western Australia , the Adelaide and Alligator rivers in Northern Australia, and possibly the Fly River in Papua New Guinea . They are found in large rivers , estuaries , bays and off the coast, in reservoirs with muddy water and oozy ground, which are subject to strong ebb and flow . Young sharks are in fresh, brackish and salty water (salinity 2-36), while adults live in the sea [1] [2] .
Sharks have a dense body with a high back. The head is wide and flattened, with a wide rounded muzzle, tiny eyes are equipped with a blinker membrane . Each nostril is surrounded by a triangular skin fold. The large mouth is widely curved, with short furrows in the corners. In the mouth there are 31-34 upper and 30-35 lower dentitions, the upper teeth are in a vertical position and have a triangular shape, the edges are covered with notches, while the lower teeth are narrower and straight or slightly curved. In very large specimens, the anterior lower teeth are lance-like with teeth near the tip.
The pectoral fins are large and wide, with curved edges and sharp ends. Pelvic fins triangular, posterior margins almost straight. The first dorsal fin has a long base and triangular shape, the apex forms an almost right angle, the second dorsal fin is about 2/3 higher than the first. The base of the first dorsal fin is located above the posterior edges of the pectoral fins, while the second dorsal fin is located above the posterior ends of the pelvic fins. The ridge between the first and second dorsal fins is absent. Anal fin smaller than second dorsal fin with large notch on caudal margin. The caudal fin has a developed lower lobe and a long, narrow superior lobe with a ventral notch near the tip. The placoid scales are small, oval, overlapping, they have three horizontal ridges ending in teeth. The color is gray-steel color, the belly is white, the color transition is sharp, located below the eyes and becomes serrated on the sides of the body. Anal and caudal fins are dark or dark at the edges. The maximum recorded length is 2.5 m. This species differs from ordinary gray sharks ( Glyphis glyphis ) by several morphological and meristic features , including a smaller number of vertebrae (137–151 versus 213–222) and an uneven border of coloring on the sides.
- ↑ 1 2 Compagno, LJV, WT White and PR Last. Glyphis garricki sp. no. Pogonoski. Descriptions of new Australian Chondrichthyans. - 2008. - p. 203-226. - ISBN 1921424182 .
- ↑ Pillans, RD, JD Stevens, PM Kyne and J. Salini (25 August 2009). Glyphis spp. In northern Australia "Observations on the distribution, biology, short-term movements and habitat requirements of river sharks
