Shuran (Tatarstan)

Located in the southeast of the district, on the right bank of the Kama River ( Kuibyshev Reservoir ), 25 kilometers from the city of Laishevo .

Before the formation of the Kuibyshev reservoir in the village, there was a ferry across Kama on the road between Kazan and Chistopol .

In the XVIII century, one of the owners of the village, captain A. P. Normatsky, nicknamed the "Norman Duke" ^[2] , with a strong gang recruited from his court and various runaway people, at one time robbed on the Kama River . This served as the Marlinsky canvas for his novel “The Latnik,” in which Suran was described.

In the 19th century, it belonged to the Laishevsky district of the Kazan province . In the village lived up to 1000 people.

For 2010 - 226 inhabitants (Russian).

Fishing.

Incomplete high school, club, library. House of the landowner A.P. Narmatsky (architectural monument of the mid-18th century).

It is known from the years 1620-21 as the Suran Wasteland. In pre-revolutionary sources it is also mentioned under the name Rozhdestvensky. Before the reform of 1861, residents belonged to the category of landlord peasants. They were engaged in agriculture, cattle breeding, fishing, transportation through the Kama River. In the mid-18th century, one of the owners of the village, captain A.P. Narmatsky, nicknamed the "Norman Duke," with his court and fugitives, was robbing on Kama. These events formed the basis of the novel by A. A. Bestuzhev-Marlinsky “Latnik” (St. Petersburg, 1889), which also described the village of Shuran. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Christ-Christmas Church (built in 1735 - an architectural monument), a zemstvo school (opened in 1869), 6 mills, a blacksmith shop, a reading room for guardianship of national sobriety, a postal horse station, a staging room, a state-owned wine and 3 small shops. During this period, the land allotment of the rural community was 480 acres.

Until 1920, the village was part of the Chirpov parish of the Laishevsky district of the Kazan province. Since 1920, as part of the Laishevsky canton of the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. From February 14, 1927 in Laishevsky, from February 1, 1963 in Pestrechinsky, from January 12, 1965 in Laishevsky districts.

Near the village of Shuran are the remains of the Bulgarian and Golden Horde cities of Kashan.

The name of the village has Mari roots, since the left bank of the Kama of the Laishevsky district was inhabited in ancient times by the Mari, by the way, the name Laishevo (Laesh) is of origin, it also most likely has Mari roots (as well as Mamadysh), contrary to an established legend. These places began to be inhabited by the Bulgars during the Mongol invasion in the 13th century, when the cities and villages on the right bank of the Kama were ruined. In those days, the left bank of the Kama was covered with dense forests.

Near the village are the remains of the ancient city of Kashan .

Church of the Nativity. The parish appeared in the 17th century, when there was a wooden church in honor of the Nativity of Christ. In 1735 in the village a brick Christ-Christmas church was erected with aisles: in the name of St. Sergius of Radonezh and in the name of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker . Baroque monument with a symmetrical composition and the traditional construction of volumes of the octagon type on the quadruple. Four-tier bell tower. The brick church was built at the expense of the landowner Yakov Yakovlevich Kudryavtsev. The Trinity Church located in Selce Polyanka was assigned to the church. In the parish of the church at the beginning of the 20th century. three villages - Shuran, Seltso Polyanka, Magpies , located on landlords' lands. Now the church is in an abandoned state.

House of Narmatsky. Built on a steep river bank. Kama, not far from the church in the middle of the VXIII century. The owner of the estate, landowner Andrei Petrovich Narmatsky became famous as the chieftain of robbers who raided ships sailing along the Kama River. His son, Peter Andreevich Narmatsky, studied at the Kazan gymnasium together with G.R.Derzhavin. For an attempt to free his peasants from serfdom, he was declared insane and exiled to Nizhny Novgorod. The building is two-story, under a four-sloped hip roof. Six rooms are symmetrically located on each floor. Interfloor overlapping in the form of box arches. The facades (north - main and south) are deprived of decor, with the exception of splitting with smooth blades revealing the internal layout of the house. The windows are rectangular, located along the perimeter of both floors, with a wedge-shaped jumper and a curved top. The only monument in the area of ​​residential architecture of the manor type, made using baroque elements.

Twenty kilometers above Laishev’s marina, in the village of Shurany, the stone house of the landowner Normatsky’s landowner, which is clearly visible from the ship, is still preserved, although it has already been rebuilt. This house used to look like a Gothic castle with towers on its sides and was connected by an underground passage to the river bank. Normatsky, who considered himself a descendant of the Norman dukes, in the seventies of the XVIII century contained a large armed courtyard with which he arranged attacks on passing ships, robbed them or took indemnities from them. Now there is a local school. In fact, this is the only surviving estate of the XVIII century. in Tatarstan. According to legend, they say how the robbery took place: the owner called the guests to a masquerade ball, and he himself went down to the basement of the estate. And he did not come out of it through the front door, but just through this move. That is, the move did not hide it from the ships on the Kama, but simply served as an inconspicuous exit from the house and could be quite insignificant in length. In the 50s of the last century where there used to be a cellar where they stored beets, carrots, potatoes, etc., there was a walled passage in the direction of the river. Kama In 2011, during the construction of the house, an underground passage was discovered that ran along the village towards the Church, towards the estate and to the server of Shuran. Now at this place is the foundation of the house.

An education worker M.V. Polinovsky was born in the village. Teacher A. N. Ovsyannikov spent his childhood here.

• Shuran // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.