Monsieur, monsieur or musieu or monsieur [1] ( fr. Monsieur, messieurs from lat. Mon senior - literally “my senior”) - the title of the representative of the royal house of France during the Old Regime . The title "Monsieur" was given to the brother of the king of France , following him in seniority. The title is known from the XVI century . It was first received by Charles, Duke of Orleans - the future king of France, Charles IX .
A prince of royal blood throughout his life could lose this title. Thus, the Duke Gaston of Orleans during his life from 1610 to 1643 wore this title, and later, when Louis XIV ascended the throne, Gaston became known as the great monsieur , and his nephew, brother of Louis XIV Philip of Anjou (the future Philip of Orleans) wore the title of small monsieur . In 1660, Gaston died, and Philip was simply called Monsieur and bore this title until his death, since he died during the life of his brother.
For more than seventy years, from 1701 to 1774 , this title was not worn by the representatives of the royal house of France, since Louis XV was the youngest son of the Duke Louis of Burgundy , the son of the Great Dauphin and grandson of Louis XIV, and had no brothers at the time of the ascension to the throne. The son of Louis XV , the dauphin of Louis , died during the life of his father and had only one deceased brother, duke Philip of Anjou ( 1730 - 1733 ). Only with the accession of Louis XVI, his brother, Earl Louis-Stanislas of Provence, received the title of Monsieur. After the execution of Louis XVI and the death of Louis XVII, the Earl of Provence was proclaimed king by Louis XVIII, and his brother, Count Charles d'Artois, became monsieur.
The title was officially restored during the Restoration of the Bourbons in 1814 for the earl Charles d'Artois, who in 1824 became King Charles X and was the last to officially bear this title.
Content
Princes bearing the title "Monsieur"
- Charles Valois, Duke of Orleans ( 1559 - 1560 );
- Henri Valois, Duke of Anjou ( 1560 - 1574 );
- Francois, Duke of Anjou and Alençon ( 1574 - 1584 );
- Gaston Bourbon, Duke of Orleans ( 1610 - 1643 );
- Philip I of Bourbon, Duke of Orleans ( 1643 - 1701 );
- Louis Stanislas Bourbon, Count of Provence ( 1774 - 1795 );
- Charles Bourbon, Count d'Artois ( 1795 - 1824 ) - the last royal prince officially wore this title. The title was abolished after the revolution of 1830.
See also
- The definition of the term " monsieur " in Wiktionary .
- Dauphin
- Madam
- Madame Royal
- Children of france
- Grandchildren of France
- Legalized prince
- Prince of Blood
- Messer
- French name
Other
The word is also used as a form of polite treatment of a man in France and in some other countries. [2]
Monsieur de Paris - the title of bishop of Paris, then the comic name of the Paris executioner.
Notes
- ↑ Small Academic Dictionary of the Russian language, ed. A.P. Evgenieva
- ↑ Efremova Explanatory Dictionary (inaccessible link)