Belozerskaya, Lyubov Evgenievna

L. Ye. Belozerskaya was born in Poland .

Father - Evgeny Mikhailovich Belozersky, mother - Sofya Vasilievna Belozerskaya. In addition to Lyubov, the family had three more children: Vera (born in 1888 ), Nadezhda (born 1891 ) and son Yuri (born 1893 ).

After the death of his father, the family moved to Penza .

L. E. Belozerskaya graduated from the Demidov girls' gymnasium in St. Petersburg . With the outbreak of World War I in 1914, Belozerskaya, after completing nursing courses, took care of the wounded in hospitals.

After the October Revolution, she left Petrograd to see her friend, in a village located in central Russia.

In 1918, Belozerskaya moved to Kiev , where he met with the well-known journalist, whom she knew from Petersburg, Ilya Markovich Vasilevsky , who wrote under the pseudonym “ Non-Letter ”. She married Vasilevsky and in February 1920, with her husband, emigrated from Odessa to Constantinople (some events of this period were used by M. A. Bulgakov in the play “ Running ”).

In the same year, the family moved to France , first to Marseille , and then to Paris . In Paris, I. M. Vasilevsky published his own newspaper, “ Free Thoughts, ” Lyubov Evgenievna performed in ballet troupes in Parisian theaters. In the winter of 1921-1922, the family moved to Berlin , where Vasilevsky began to collaborate in the "Smekhovekhovskaya" pro-Soviet newspaper, "The Eve ." At that time, this newspaper published essays and feuilleton by M. A. Bulgakov.

L.E. Belozerskaya divorced Vasilevsky at the end of 1923 . In early January 1924, at an evening hosted by the editorial office of “The Eve” in honor of the writer Alexei Nikolayevich Tolstoy , Belozerskaya met Mikhail Afanasevich Bulgakov. The marriage of Bulgakov and Belozerskaya was registered on April 30, 1925 .

The years of marriage with Lyubov Evgenievna are the years of the creation of the “ Turbin Days ”, “ Crimson Island ”, and “ Zoykina Apartment ”. She translated books for Moliere for French from Bulgakov. With her hand, under the dictation of the writer, many pages of the play “The Cabal of the Holy ” and the play “ Adam and Eve ” and the pages of the first edition of the novel, which later became the novel “The Master and Margarita ” (then without Margarita) were written ^[1] . However, according to B. Sokolov , it was Lyubov Evgenievna who prompted Bulgakov to introduce the image of the main character in the future novel “The Master and Margarita” ^[2] .

The novel “The White Guard ”, the novel “ The Heart of a Dog ” and the play “The Cabal of the Holy One ” (“Moliere”) were dedicated to Lyubov Evgenievna. But Lyubov Evgenievna’s name is most strongly associated with the concept and birth of the play “ Run ”: her lively stories about emigration and emigrants, about Constantinople and Paris served as a source of inspiration for the writer when creating the play ^[1] .

At the beginning of 1929, difficulties began in family life.

“A fact <...> from Bulgakov’s biography: he had to write in fits and starts, and he once told his wife that even Dostoevsky did not work in such conditions. To which he received the answer: “But you are not Dostoevsky!” ”

- I. L. Volgin

In February Bulgakov met with E.S. Shilovskaya , who later became his mistress and girlfriend Lyubov Evgenievna. In October 1932, she became the third wife of the writer. The divorce from Belozerskaya took place on October 3, 1932.

Since 1933 Belozerskaya worked in the editorial office of ZhZL , then in the editorial office of Historical Novels of Zhurgaz. After 1945, Belozerskaya was a scientific editor for transcription at the publishing house " Big Soviet Encyclopedia ", and in the 1940s, an editor at Literary Newspaper, collaborated with the magazine Ogonyok .

In 1928-1930 she was a proofreader and editor of the collected works of V.V. Veresaev , and from 1936 she became the literary secretary of the historian-academician E.V. Tarle .

In the 1970s and 1980s, Belozerskaya wrote a book about life with Bulgakov “Oh, honey of memories”, as well as books about emigrant life in Constantinople and Paris (“At someone else’s doorstep”) and “It Was” (about her work with E. V. Tarle ). In Russia, books were published after her death. Memoirs about Belozerskaya can be found in the books of friends of her L. M. Yanovskaya ^[3] and E. N. Monakhova ^[4] . The correspondence of Belozerskaya and Yanovskaya is partially published ^[5] .

L. Ye. Belozerskaya died on January 27, 1987 in Moscow. She was buried ^[6] at the Vagankovsky cemetery near her relatives.

• Sokolov B.V. Bulgakov Encyclopedia - Manuscripts Do Not Burn! . - M .: Algorithm, 2003. - ISBN 5-320-00143-6