Marten Schmidt ( Dutch: Maarten Schmidt ; born December 28, 1929 , Groningen ) is a Dutch astronomer who measured distances to astronomical objects called quasars . Cavley Prize Laureate ( 2008 ) in Astrophysics.
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| Awards and prizes | [d] ( 2008 ) [d] ( 1993 ) Helena Warner Prize ( 1964 ) Henry Norris Russell Award ( 1978 ) Karl Schwarzschild medal ( 1968 ) Katherine Bruce Medal ( 1992 ) Rumford Prize ( 1968 ) Cavli Award James Craig Watson Medal ( 1991 ) |
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Biography
He studied under the guidance of Jan Oort . He received his Ph.D. at the Leiden Observatory in 1956 .
In 1959 he emigrated to the United States and got a job at the California Institute of Technology . At first he worked on theories of expansion and dynamics of galaxies . During this period, he formulated what later became known as the Schmidt law , which correlates the density of an interstellar gas to the rate of star formation occurring in this gas [3] [4] . After some time, he studied the spectrum from radio sources . In 1963, using the famous 200- inch reflex telescope at the Palomar Observatory, Schmidt identified a visible object based on one of these radio sources, known as 3C 273 , and also studied its spectrum . Despite the fact that the object was very similar to the star in appearance, the 3C 273 spectrum showed a large redshift (0.158), thereby proving that the object is far beyond the Galaxy , but nevertheless has an unusually high luminosity . Schmidt gave 3C 273 the name quasi-stellar, or quasar ; since then thousands of similar objects have been discovered.
Rewards
- Helena Warner Prize (1964)
- Rumford Award (1968)
- Karl Schwarzschild Medal (1968)
- Henry Norris Russell Award (1976)
- Lecture by Karl Jansky (1979)
- Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1980)
- James Craig Watson Medal (1991)
- Katherine Bruce Medal (1992)
- Cavli Award (2008)
Notes
- ↑ SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ Mathematical Genealogy - 1997.
- ↑ Schmidt, Maarten. The Rate of Star Formation // The Astrophysical Journal : journal. - IOP Publishing 1959. - Vol. 129 . - P. 243 . - DOI : 10.1086 / 146614 . - .
- ↑ Kennicutt, Robert C. The global Schmidt law in star-forming galaxies (Eng.) // The Astrophysical Journal : journal. - IOP Publishing 1998. - Vol. 498 , no. 2 . - P. 541 . - DOI : 10.1086 / 305588 . - . - arXiv : astro-ph / 9712213 .
Literature
- Kolchinsky I.G., Korsun A.A., Rodriguez M.G. Astronomers: A Biographical Reference. - 2nd ed., Revised. and additional .. - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1986. - 512 p.