Thirteen Heroes of Krasnovka are fighters of the 130th Guards Rifle Regiment of the 44th Guards Rifle Division of the 6th Guards Rifle Corps of the 1st Guards Army of the Southwestern Front who participated in the liberation of the Rostov Region in 1943. All posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union .
Content
History
From the chronicles of the Great Patriotic War - January 17, 1943 (575th day of the war), the message of the Soviet Information Bureau :
On January 17, after a stubborn battle, our troops captured the city and the major railway junction Millerovo. Our troops, advancing south of Voronezh, captured the city and the large railway station Alekseevka, the city of Kyurotoyak, the district center and the railway station Podgornoye. In the area of the Northern Donets, our troops captured several dozen settlements, including large settlements - Krasnovka, Isaevka, Verkhne-Mityakinsky, Astakhov, Kalitvenskaya, railway stations - Pogorelovo, Krasnovka. In the Orlovskaya region, our troops captured large populated areas — Budennovskaya, Beketny, Donskoy, Nogaevsko-Rebrichansky, Gundorov, Romanov, railway stations Elmut and Vostochny. In the North Caucasus, as a result of a decisive attack, our troops captured the district center and the large railway station Kursavka, the district center Gofitskoe, large settlements - Sergievna, Sultan, Crimea-Gireyevskoye, Vorovskoleskaya, the railway station Crimea-Gireyevo.
In the winter of 1943, the troops of the Voronezh Front, breaking through the defenses of the enemy on the Upper Don, in the Boguchar area, moved south, leaving the rear of the German armies operating in the large bend of the Don . Retreating under the blows of the Soviet troops, the Nazis tried to organize a defense on the approaches to the Donbas . The defensive line was held, in particular, along the Chertkovo - Likhaya railway line. Especially important for the enemy in this area was a large railway junction Millerovo . The Soviet troops took the city in a semiring, but they could not close it. German troops did their best to keep a narrow corridor along the railway going to Voroshilovgrad . The Red Army had to cut this important for the enemy highway. [one]
At dawn on January 15, 1943, a group of 13 Soviet soldiers led by the company commander, Lieutenant I. S. Likunov, despite the machine-gun and mortar fire, as well as the numerical superiority of the enemy, broke into the outskirts of the railway village Donskoy (now the hamlet of Krasnovka Tarasovsky district of Rostov region ) and seized three houses. All day the Soviet soldiers kept these huts. The Germans repeatedly offered them to surrender and several times unsuccessfully threw infantry with tanks against a group of companies, as a result of which they were able to set fire to houses. Despite injuries and burns, the guards fought until the ammunition ran out. Then the fighters attempted to break out of encirclement by engaging in hand-to-hand combat. However, the forces were unequal. When the main forces of the Red Army approached Krasnovka, three huts were burning down on the edge of the village - in the fierce battle all the fighters died.
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the USSR on March 31, 1943, for exemplary performance of the tasks of the commanders and shown courage and heroism in battles with the German fascist invaders of the guard Lt. Likunov Ivan Sergeevich, guards the younger Lt. Mikhailovich, Guard Private Kurbaev Afanasy Afanasyevich, Private Guard Nemirovsky Nikolai Nikolaevich, Guard Private Polukhin Ivan Andreevich, Guard Poison Polyakov Konstantin Illarionovich, Guard ordinary Sirin Nikolai Ivanovich, Guard ordinary Tarasenko Ivan Ivanovich posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union and awarded the Order of Lenin.
The heroes were buried in a mass grave at the railway station Krasnovka. [2] [3]
For many years, the feat of the Guards was in oblivion, and only as a result of prospecting in 1955 , in one of the graves found medallions with the names of the fallen soldiers. Among them was the medallion of private Kotov - Hero of the Soviet Union. As a result of further exploration, other dead warriors were found and it was decided to establish a museum at Krasnovka station. April 16, 1957, 14 years after the group exploit, the Museum of Thirteen Heroes was founded. The grand opening of the museum and the memorial took place on October 12, 1968. [4] [5]
Combat Reconstruction
The troops of the Southwestern Front, commanded by N. F. Vatutin, advanced to the west with heavy fighting, crowding the German forces, who were trying to break through to the encircled grouping of their troops near Stalingrad . In the area of Krasnovka station, under the settlement of Verkhne-Tarasovka, the Germans built a high rampart of straw and snow, poured water over it and called it an "impregnable fortress." Tools were installed on the top of the shaft. Here they intended to stop the further advance of the Soviet troops. The Soviet command attached great importance to the actions of the enemy in this area.
The guardsmen of the 130th rifle regiment of the 44th Guards rifle division had a combat mission to overcome the “impregnable fortress” as quickly as possible and to seize Krasnovka station. A guard company of Lieutenant Likunov dug in in the deep snow half a kilometer from this fortress. From the top, towering over the steppe, the ice mountain, machine guns and assault rifles fired, and therefore the guardsmen dug in and waited for the shooting to cease. “Comrades, the main thing is speed,” explained Ivan Likunov, “we didn’t take such fortresses”.
After some time, Likunov’s fighters came to the slippery shaft in short dashes, repeatedly engaging in bayonet fighting. The enemy was furious and began to throw fighters at grenades. The company suffered heavy losses: only thirteen people survived. New groups of Germans went to this small detachment of guardsmen. Ahead, a hundred meters behind the “impregnable fortress”, there were three huts, occupied by the guards organized defense.
Soon the Germans launched a new attack. Each attempt to get closer to the huts - the guardsmen responded with fire from machine guns and light machine guns. The fighters held these houses for a day. The Germans several times to no avail offered them to surrender, to which the Soviet soldiers responded with shooting. Then the Germans pushed tanks against them. Under the cover of armored vehicles was a company of machine gunners. But 13 guardsmen survived, grenades repulsed the attack. In the evening there was a short lull. Brother-soldiers under the command of the guard lieutenant colonel Tishakov - they tried to break through to help the surrounded detachment more than once, but the enemy’s artillery fire blocked their path.
The Nazis rolled up the machine gun and opened fire on the huts at close range. Guardsmen with a salvo strike put down an enemy machine gun. Under the cover of darkness, several German soldiers approached the huts from the side of the deaf walls and overlaid them with straw and set them on fire. But no one came out of the burning houses. The fight continued until the defending fighters did not reach the end of ammunition. Then they tried to break through the encirclement ring with bayonets. However, the forces turned out to be unequal, and the whole group died a brave death.
When the advancing Soviet troops broke into the village of Krasnovka station, three huts burned out on the edge of it, around which lay about a hundred dead German soldiers and officers, smoked enemy tanks.
In the divisional newspaper “The Battle Way”, in the issue of April 11, 1943, a poem by the poet Alexei Nedogonov was published, dedicated to thirteen immortal guardsmen: [1]
When the Information Bureau is about to
Narrated in the chronicle of the war,
When divisions went west,
Fighting assault constrained,
On a January day in stubbornness, adamant,
Smashing the enemy for every inch of land
Hard battle in Krasnovka seared
Thirteen of our warriors led.The second day in the cold ice
And the evil wind - devilish pressure!
Guardsmen are brave Ivan Likunova
Krasnovku took attack, point blank.
Yes, the glories of the memorable will not hide the clouds
And the war will not drag smoke ...
They live for centuries in the mighty feat
Immortal Guards names!
Photo Gallery
Sergeant
Vasiliev
(1919-1943)Sergeant
Kotov
(1923–1943)Lance Sergeant
Kubakaev
(1923–1943)Red Army man
Kurbaev
(1907–1943)Lieutenant, squad commander
Likunov
(1911–1943)Red Army man
Nemirovsky
(1921–1943)Red Army man
Polukhin
(1924–1943)Red Army man
Polyakov
(1924–1943)Sergeant
Sevruk
(1909–1943)Ensign
Sedov
(1923–1943)Red Army man
Sirin
(1922-1943)Red Army man
Tarasenko
(1923–1943)Red Army man
Utyagulov
(1913–1943)
Memory
External images | |
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Monument at the station Krasnovka | |
"Memorial of Thirteen Heroes", 1981 | |
Memorial now | |
Image of diorama - 1 | |
Image of diorama - 2 |
- At the platform of the Krasnovka station there is a monument to thirteen Heroes.
- At the entrance to the village of Tarasovsky in the 1960s, a Thirteen Heroes of the Soviet Union memorial was erected, with a museum and a diorama . [6] At the village school, a museum was opened in their honor.
- In the village of Spring and the farm Krasnovka Tarasovsky district named Street named after Heroes.
- In Moscow, in the Central Museum of the Armed Forces , the Thirteen Heroes of Krasnovka stand was equipped.
See also
- Panfilov
- Shironintsy