The Ufa Kremlin is a historical building that has not been preserved to this day within the limits of Old Ufa , located on the site of the current Friendship Monument . It was a wooden Kremlin with a massive wooden wall with a total length of 440 meters [1] . Oak towers rose above its southern and northern parts.
| Ufa Kremlin | |
|---|---|
| City | Ufa |
| Year of construction | 1574 year |
| Wall height | 7 meters |
| Number of gates | 2 |
| Number of towers | 3 |
| Tower height | from 20 meters to 90 meters |
The Ufa Kremlin consisted of the Mikhailovsky Tower, the Nikolskaya Tower, the Angular Tower, the Voivodship House, the order hut, Smolensky Cathedral , a bell tower, grain warehouses, and a prison.
Content
- 1 History
- 2 notes
- 3 Literature
- 4 References
History
It was erected in 1574 at the mouth of the Sutoloka and Nogayka rivers, on Trinity Hill, by a detachment of archers, led by Governor Ivan Nagim. The same year is the date of foundation of the city of Ufa .
With the advent of the Ufa county as part of the Russian state, a voivodship form of government was established in the region. According to historians, the first governor was Mikhail Nagoy sent by Moscow. The voivode headed the main administrative institution of the city - the Ufa order hut; he was subordinated to the garrison army of 150-200 archers. With the construction of city walls and the emergence of a posad (a commercial and industrial part, adjacent to the fortress), the prison located in the center was called the Kremlin. Later, the Kremlin began to expand. Already in the XVII century, the territory of the Kremlin grew with new walls, towers, etc.
During the storm of 1759, one of the lightning strikes the highest Mikhailovsky Tower, a major fire began. Since there was no fire department in Ufa at that time, the fire could not be stopped. In addition to the Kremlin, many temples and houses burned in Ufa, and only the Trinity Church remained from the Kremlin.
After the fire, the governor sent a letter to Moscow. The letter spoke about the construction of the new Ufa Kremlin. In Moscow, the plan was approved. Ufa soon became a huge fortified city. The total area of the Kremlin was 71 hectares, which is more than the area of the Moscow Kremlin (21 hectares). It was this Kremlin that saved Ufa from the invasion of Emelyan Pugachev in 1774. However, this Kremlin did not stand for a long time either. The last mention of it was from 1779.
In 2005, a plan to restore the Kremlin was approved, but it was not implemented.
In 2016, the Ufa City Design Center created a new plan for the restoration of the Kremlin, but according to the plan it will not be located on the site of the Friendship Monument, but in front of it near the Belaya River Embankment.
Notes
- ↑ Foundation of the city (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment March 27, 2012. Archived March 29, 2012.
Literature
- Sinenko S.G. Ufa old and new. - Ufa: State Republican Publishing House "Bashkortostan", 2007. - 272 p. - 3000 copies.
- Krul S. L., the story "Legends of the Ufa Kremlin", State Unitary Enterprise of the Republic of Belarus "Belaya Reka" Publishing House, 2015, 128 pp.
Links
- Bukanova R.G. Ufa Kremlin // Bashkir Encyclopedia / main ed. M.A. Ilgamov. - Ufa: GAUN “ Bashkir Encyclopedia ”, 2015—2019. - ISBN 978-5-88185-306-8 .
- The Ufa Kremlin is still in the hands of archaeologists (the newspaper "Republic of Bashkortostan")
- Krul S. L. Legends of the Ufa Kremlin (White River, 2015)
- Ufa is far and near (Bielskiye Prostory magazine)
- Ancient Ufa
- Foundation of the city
- Residential complex "Ufa Kremlin" (near the historical location)
- Kremlin fire
- City fortress
- Zakharov V. N. From the history of the Ufa fortress after the fire of 1759 // Bulletin of the Belarusian State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmullah. 2011, No. 2, p. 126-138