Kvangetho [2] (Kit. 广 开 土 王, Kor. 광개토왕, Jap. こ う か い ど お う, "van, expanding the land"; 374-413. Lifetime name 談 德 Damutekü) - 19th van Koguryo , one of three states of the Korean Peninsula . Years of government - 391-413. In Korean historiography, it is often called Kvangetho the Great (cor. 대왕); this title, except for him, was awarded only to Sejong . Significantly expanded the boundaries of his kingdom, took 64 fortified cities and more than 1,400 villages.
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Life Story
Kvangetho was born in 374 in the family of the Koguryo Van Kokuyan. In 386, he was declared heir to the throne, and in 391 he took the throne of the late father. As a result of the offensive-defensive wars of 391–394 Goguryo. In 396, Kwangetho made a great trip to Paekche. The ruler Paekche Asino was forced to pay tribute to the conquerors by slaves and cloth and swear allegiance.
According to the inscription on the monument is not exactly attributed. There was a hypothetical conflict between Yamato and Koguryou. In 397, Asino secretly sent a request to the Japanese state of Yamato to help in the war with Goguryo. In response, the Yamato attacked ally Goguryeo, the state of Silla in the southeast of the Korean Peninsula. However, Kvangetho sent a 50-thousand army, which repelled the attackers to Miman. In 407, Goguryou again imposed a tribute on Paekcha.
Having strengthened his position in the south, Kwangetho began a campaign in the west against the Syabian state of Late Yan . In 400, he counterattacked the enemy, seizing the eastern banks of the Liaokhe River and incorporating the western regions of modern Manchuria into his state. In addition, in the year 392, Kvangetho made a campaign against the northern Khitan, as a result of which he freed 10,000 prisoners of Kogurise and captured 500 people, and in 410 he subdued the tribal union of Pouyeh .
Towards the end of the life of the commander-general, the Koguryou borders were: in the west, the Liaohe River, in the north — the modern Chinese cities of Kaiyuan and Ninan, in the east — the city of Hunchun , and in the south — the Imjin River. His state occupied the territory of modern North Korea , Manchuria, parts of Inner Mongolia and Primorsky Krai .
Kvangetho was also engaged in the internal streamlining of his state. He is credited with conducting a bureaucratic reform aimed at centralizing control, and establishing the institution of guardians of the tombs of the Cooru rulers. Van also contributed to the spread of Buddhism and founded 9 Buddhist monasteries in his capital, Pyongyang .
Died Kvangetho in 413 year. The place of his burial is not mentioned in written sources.
However, part of Chinese historians believe that the tomb of Wang is located near the modern Chinese city of Ji'an, near the Chinese-North Korean border , where the so-called " Kvangetho stela " was found.
Notes
- German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 1013706420 // General Regulatory Control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ Kontsevich, 2010 , p. 605.
Literature
- Kontsevich L.R. Chronology of the countries of East and Central Asia . - Moscow: Eastern Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2010. - 806 p. - ISBN 978-5-02-036350-2 .