Guangzhou ( Chinese trad. 廣州 灣 , ex. 湾 , pinyin : Guǎngzhōuwān , fr. Kouang-Tchéou-Wan (in the EFEO transcription ) ， on the maps of the period - also Kwangchowan or Kwang-Chou-Wan) - a small exclave on the south the coast of China , ceded during the Qing Dynasty of France on May 27, 1898 as a leased territory and controlled by France as part of French Indochina . The territory did not experience rapid population growth, unlike other parts of coastal China, the population increased from 189,000 in 1911 to only 209,000 in 1935 . The industry in this area included the delivery and mining of coal .
The colony was captured and transferred to Japan in February 1943 , was returned back to France in 1945 , and finally returned to China in 1946 , while the original name of the territory - Zhanjiang - was restored. The population that lives in this area speaks the Hocken dialect instead of the Cantonese dialect .
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- lettres> par pays> Chine> Kouang-Tcheou-Wan , Le Papier Colonial: la France d'outre-mer et ses anciennes colonies , < http://www.lepapiercolonial.com/home.php?cat=310 > . Retrieved Jan. 1, 2007. (unavailable link) Includes images of letters sent to and from the territory.