Aleshniki

The German name Dittel is assigned by the name of the first headman (foreshteger). By decree of February 26, 1768 on the names of the German colonies, the official name was Oleshna ^[2] (the names are Aleshka, Elshanka) ^[3] .

It was founded in 1767 as the German colony Dittel . Until 1917, the Lutheran village was first the Nork colonial district, and after 1871 the Oleshinsky volost of the Kamyshin district of the Saratov province ; volost village of Oleshinsky volost. Founders - 43 families, immigrants from the Palatinate , Württemberg , Hamburg , Saxony , Mecklenburg , Alsace ^[2] . In 1857, the land allotment was 5220 acres, in 1910, 9256 acres. At the end of the 19th century, residents were engaged in gardening, sarpinka production, leatherworking, production of fans, there were mills, oil mills, a Zemsky Yam station, a feldsher-midwife station, and fairs were held periodically ^[3] .

The village belonged first to the Lutheran parish of Dittel, formed in 1786, then Merkel . The wooden church was built in 1810. Since its foundation, a parish school has been operating ^[2] .

In the second half of the 19th century, part of the population emigrated: 15 people left for the Samara province in 1873, 9 more people in 1874, 32 people in 1879; 19 people left for America in 1875, 21 in 1876, and 5 families in 1887.

In the Soviet period, the village was part of the first Medveditsky district of the Golo-Karamysh district of the Labor commune (Oblast) of the Volga Germans , since 1922 the Medveditsky-Krestovo-Bueraksky (renamed in Frankfurt in 1927) canton of the Volga Germans Republic ; the administrative center of the Dittel Village Council (the name Dittel was officially returned in 1928) ^[4] . In 1928-1935, the village of Dittel was the center of the Frankish canton of the Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of the Volga region ^[2] . During the famine of 1921, 124 people were born, 304 died. In 1926 there was a cooperative shop, an agricultural credit partnership, an elementary school, an orphanage, a library, and a sarpinotkat workshop in the village ^[3] . During the years of collectivization , collective farms Komintern and Politaptailung were organized. In the mid-1930s, the Dittelskaya MTS was organized in the village ^[2] .

On August 28, 1941, a Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces on the resettlement of Germans living in the Volga region was issued. The German population was deported . After the liquidation of the Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of the Volga Germans, the village, like other settlements of the Frankish canton (renamed the Medveditsky district) of the abolished German Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, was transferred to the Stalingrad Region . By the decision of the regional executive committee of March 31, 1944 No. 10 § 30 “On the renaming of settlements of the Stalingrad region bearing German names”, the village of Dittel was renamed the village of Aleshniki ^[5] .

The village is located in a forest-steppe , within the Volga Upland , which is part of the East European Plain , in the Aleshnikovskaya beam ( Karamysh river basin) ^[6] . Chernozems are common in the vicinity of the village ^[7] . The height of the center of the village is 204 meters above sea level ^[8] .

By road, the distance to the regional center of Volgograd is 320 km, to the regional center of Zhirnovsk - 39 km, to the nearest large city of Saratov - 230 km ^[9] .

Climate

The climate is temperate continental (according to the Köppen climate classification - Dfb ). The long-term rainfall is 429 mm. Most precipitation falls in July - 49 mm, the least in March - 22 mm. The average annual temperature is positive and amounts to + 5.8 ° С, the average temperature of the coldest month of January is −10.8 ° С, the hottest month of July +21.5 ° С ^[8] .

Timezone

True noon - 11:43:03 local time ^[11] .

Population dynamics by years:

• Top
• Club
• October
• Pioneer
• Central
• Cheryomushki

There is a school, hospital, shops, an oil mill.

It is gasified.

There is an asphalt road to the district center and to the village of Novinka.

• Dittel
• Rural settlement administration site
• Yelshanka // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.