Metropolitan Panteleimon ( Pavel Stefanovich Rozhnovsky in the world; October 27 ( November 8 ), 1867 , Kostroma - December 30, 1950, Munich ) - Bishop of the Russian Church ; from autumn 1942 the Exarch of Belarus, the Archbishop (from March 1942 the Metropolitan) of Minsk and Belarus . Since 1946, he was in the clergy of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia .
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Biography
Born on October 27 ( November 8 ), 1867 in Kostroma in a noble family.
He graduated from the Novgorod Real School and the Nikolaev Military Engineering School in St. Petersburg with the rank of officer.
He studied at the missionary courses at the Kazan Theological Academy , after which in 1897 he took monastic vows with the name Panteleimon .
Since 1905 - Abbot of the Vitebsk Markov Holy Trinity Monastery in the rank of Archimandrite
On June 2, 1913, he was consecrated Bishop of Dvinsky , Vicar of the Polotsk Diocese .
In 1918, Patriarch Tikhon appointed Vladyka Panteleimon to Pinsk with the title “Pinsk and Novogrudsky” to manage the churches of the Minsk diocese , which turned out to be in Poland .
In 1922 he was present at the Polish Council in Warsaw , where he spoke out against the autocephaly of the Polish Church , imposed by the authorities; he was deprived of the pulpit and exiled to Mielecki , and then to the Zhyrovichy monastery .
Before the Soviet troops advancing in September 1939, the Grodno bishop Savva (Soviets) and the vicar bishop of the Vilna diocese Matvey (Semashko) left the border abroad [1] . Under these conditions, Panteleimon took the lead in joining the aisles of Western Belarus and Western Ukraine to the Russian Orthodox Church.
Panteleimon (Rozhnovsky), having learned about the departure of Bishop Savva, informed the clergy of the Grodno diocese that he was taking control of this diocese [2] . At the beginning of October 1939, Panteleimon (Rozhnovsky) wrote to the Moscow Patriarchate a request to join the Russian Orthodox Church and to appoint him bishop of Pinsk-Novogrudsky [3] . At the same time, two archbishops of the Polish Autocephalous Orthodox Church remained in Western Belarus - Theodosius of Vilnius (Fedosyev) and Alexander of Inoszemtsev of Pinsk [4] . That is, Panteleimon asked the department, which was occupied by Alexander (Inozemtsev).
Metropolitan Sergius (Stragorodsky) appointed Panteleimon (Rozhnovsky) as bishop of Pinsk and Novogrudsky with the right to wear a diamond cross on the hood [5] . Panteleimon (Rozhnovsky) received the title of Exarch of the Patriarchate and instructed "to take into communication all those areas of the newly annexed territories of the territories who wish to enter into intercourse with the Patriarchate from autocephaly" [6] . Thus, Panteleimon (Rozhnovsky) became the head of Orthodox parishes in all the territories of Western Ukraine and Western Belarus.
Archbishop Alexander (Inozemtsev), together with the Bishop of Volyn and Kremenets Alexis (Gromadsky), on November 1, 1939, created the Holy Synod of the Orthodox Church within Western Ukraine and Western Belarus , including the third bishop, Simon, Bishop of Ostrozhsky [7] . There was a church schism, as the Holy Synod of the Orthodox Church within the borders of Western Ukraine and Western Belarus was refused to be recognized by both Archbishop Panteleimon (Rozhnovsky) and Metropolitan Sergius (Stragorodsky) [8] .
In the summer of 1940, the bishops of Western Ukraine and Western Belarus were summoned to the Moscow Patriarchate for registration of a return to the Russian Orthodox Church [9] . The act of reunification included the repentance of the newly arrived bishops, their confession, and joint service with Metropolitan Sergius (Stragorodsky) [10] . In the summer of 1940, Panteleimon (Rozhnovsky) and Vicar of the Polissia Diocese, Bishop Antony (Martsenko), Bishop of Kamen-Kashirsky [11] . Three hierarchs did not come to Moscow - Theodosius (Fedosyev), Polikarp (Sikorsky) and Alexander (Inozemtsev). On June 24, 1940, Panteleimon (Rozhnovsky) was appointed Archbishop of Grodno and Vileika . The schismatic bishop Alexander (Inozemtsev) did not go to Moscow under the pretext of illness and was dismissed to rest [12] . Panteleimon (Rozhnovsky) was deprived of the title of the Exarch of Western Belorussia and Western Ukraine [13] . The new exarch was Nikolai (Yarushevich) sent from the USSR.
On July 15, 1941, the Patriarchal Locum Tenens appointed the Exarch of the western regions of Ukraine and Belarus, Metropolitan Nikolai (Yarushevich), Metropolitan of Kiev and Galich, Exarch of All Ukraine; by the same decree (published: “The Truth about Religion in Russia.” M., 1942. pp. 112-113) stipulated that “Exarch duties in the dioceses of the western regions of Belarus temporarily shift to the oldest archdiocese running there in dioceses” (i.e. to the Archbishop Panteleimon). Under occupation, he headed the Orthodox Church in the territory of the General Commissariat of Belarus established by Germany (as part of the Reich Commissariat Ostland ).
In March 1942, together with the Bishop Benedict (Bobkovsky) , at the Council of the Belarusian Orthodox Church, he established the Belarusian Metropolis and became the Metropolitan . The German authorities set a number of conditions that demanded fulfillment, the main of which was the proclamation of the autocephaly of the Belarusian Orthodox Church , its separation from the Moscow Patriarchate . He accepted the conditions set for him with a proviso that essentially completely contradicted them: separation can take place only after the Belarusian Church organizes, matures for autocephaly, and is recognized as such by other local Churches - conditions that actually canceled autocephaly and left, albeit nominally, The Belarusian Church administered by the Moscow Patriarchate.
In May 1942, at the insistence of the Belarusian collaborators who demanded the proclamation of autocephaly of the Belarusian church, the Germans were removed from the leadership of the Belarusian church and exiled to the Lyade monastery . The administration of church affairs was assumed by the recently consecrated Archbishop Filofei (Narco) . In an effort to tear off the Orthodox Belarusians from Russia, the German authorities put pressure on the local episcopate, wanting to get the believers to declare autocephaly. The leadership of the church in every way sabotaged and delayed the fulfillment of this requirement, stating that without a metropolitan they could not make such decisions. The decision of the meeting of representatives of the Minsk and Novogrudok diocese, which they called the All-Belarusian Church Council, concerning the appeal to the primates of the Eastern Churches with a request to recognize the autocephaly of the Belarusian Church, was also sabotaged.
As a result, in April 1943, Metropolitan Panteleimon was returned to Minsk , however, no appeals were sent. In May 1944, he assembled a bishop's council, declaring illegal the decisions of the so-called. The “All-Belarusian Church Council” of 1942, on the grounds that Panteleimon and Benedict were not allowed to occupy it.
In 1944 he was taken to Germany , where in February 1946, together with other Belarusian bishops, he became a member of the clergy of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia . He lived in the camp D- Schleisheim near Munich .
He died on December 30, 1950 in Munich. He was buried in the Feldmohing cemetery near Munich.
Notes
- ↑ Tsymbal A. G. The position of the Orthodox Church in Western Belarus in 1939–1941 // Western Belarus and Western Ukraine in 1939–1941: people, events, documents. - SPb .: Aletheia, 2011. - C. 339.
- ↑ Tsymbal A. G. The position of the Orthodox Church in Western Belarus in 1939–1941 // Western Belarus and Western Ukraine in 1939–1941: people, events, documents. - SPb .: Aletheia, 2011. - C. 340.
- ↑ Tsymbal A. G. The position of the Orthodox Church in Western Belarus in 1939–1941 // Western Belarus and Western Ukraine in 1939–1941: people, events, documents. - SPb .: Aletheia, 2011. - C. 340.
- ↑ Tsymbal A. G. The position of the Orthodox Church in Western Belarus in 1939–1941 // Western Belarus and Western Ukraine in 1939–1941: people, events, documents. - SPb .: Aletheia, 2011. - C. 339.
- ↑ Tsymbal A. G. The position of the Orthodox Church in Western Belarus in 1939–1941 // Western Belarus and Western Ukraine in 1939–1941: people, events, documents. - SPb .: Aletheia, 2011. - C. 340.
- ↑ Tsymbal A. G. The position of the Orthodox Church in Western Belarus in 1939–1941 // Western Belarus and Western Ukraine in 1939–1941: people, events, documents. - SPb .: Aletheia, 2011. - C. 340.
- ↑ Tsymbal A. G. The position of the Orthodox Church in Western Belarus in 1939–1941 // Western Belarus and Western Ukraine in 1939–1941: people, events, documents. - SPb .: Aletheia, 2011. - C. 341.
- ↑ Tsymbal A. G. The position of the Orthodox Church in Western Belarus in 1939–1941 // Western Belarus and Western Ukraine in 1939–1941: people, events, documents. - SPb .: Aletheia, 2011. - C. 341.
- ↑ Tsymbal A. G. The position of the Orthodox Church in Western Belarus in 1939–1941 // Western Belarus and Western Ukraine in 1939–1941: people, events, documents. - SPb .: Aletheia, 2011. - C. 341.
- ↑ Tsymbal A. G. The position of the Orthodox Church in Western Belarus in 1939–1941 // Western Belarus and Western Ukraine in 1939–1941: people, events, documents. - SPb .: Aletheia, 2011. - C. 341.
- ↑ Tsymbal A. G. The position of the Orthodox Church in Western Belarus in 1939–1941 // Western Belarus and Western Ukraine in 1939–1941: people, events, documents. - SPb .: Aletheia, 2011. - C. 341.
- ↑ Tsymbal A. G. The position of the Orthodox Church in Western Belarus in 1939–1941 // Western Belarus and Western Ukraine in 1939–1941: people, events, documents. - SPb .: Aletheia, 2011. - C. 341.
- ↑ Tsymbal A. G. The position of the Orthodox Church in Western Belarus in 1939–1941 // Western Belarus and Western Ukraine in 1939–1941: people, events, documents. - SPb .: Aletheia, 2011. - C. 342.
Literature
- Grinenko V. Holiday in Dubno: The page of memoirs about Metropolitan Panteleimon // “Orthodox Russia”. - 1951. - № 11. - p. 8-9
Links
- Panteleimon (Rozhnovsky): Orthodoxy site . Database
- Metropolitan Panteleimon (Pavel Stepanovich Rozhnovsky) (in Polish transcription - Pantelejmon (Roznowski)) (1867–1950) On the site Religious Activities of Russian Abroad