A special design bureau of the Institute of Space Research of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Design Bureau of the USSR Academy of Sciences IKI ) was founded in the capital of the Kirghiz SSR in 1967 [1] (according to other sources in 1964 [2] [3] [4] , which is a year earlier than IKI (?)) IKI branch [5] , which was engaged in instrumentation for the space industry and existed until 2008 [2] . Recently, it was not a branch of IKI, but was privatized by the OKB [6] ( OJSC [7] ) Aalam [5] .
| Special Design Bureau of the Space Research Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences | |
|---|---|
| OKB IKI | |
| Base | |
| 1967 | |
| Liquidation | |
| 2008 |
Content
History
At the time, OKB IKB was the most advanced scientific institute of Central Asia and one of the leading enterprises of science and industry of the republic. About 1,5 thousand people worked in it. When developing the most advanced technologies were used. The OKB was the first in the USSR to introduce integrated circuits , microprocessor sets , microelectronics and laser equipment into production, in 1971 the production of multilayer printed circuit boards was mastered [2] . Scientific instruments for spacecraft were created , while the whole cycle of work was carried out - from the technical specification, development, design, manufacturing, testing, installation and debugging as part of the spacecraft to instrument tracking in flight [1] . The funding of the bureau was carried out by the IKI [7] . The OKB belonged to the secret enterprises of the USSR [8] . In the 1990s, the need for scientific instruments disappeared, and many of the OKB employees moved to Tarusa , where a similar enterprise was established [9] - SKB KP IKI RAS [10] .
Directors OKB
- Tolonda Kurmanaliev (19? —198?) [11]
- Sultanbek Tabaldyev 198? -199?
Instruments
The OKB produced over 200 unique optical, electronic, and mechanical instruments for space exploration [11] . The mass of some exceeded 1000 kg [9] . With their help, the phenomena on the planets of the Solar System and the lunar soil were studied [11] . With the help of X-ray telescopes , Comet Halley , Venus , Mars , Phobos [2] were studied. A special seismograph weighing 4.5 kg, based on Tonn-200 microelectronics for a gamma telescope, recorded veneurus and was ahead of other countries according to the technology of that time [11] . The ART-P telescope [12] installed at the Granat space observatory was ranked among the most successful Soviet instruments in orbit [13] . Onboard power supplies were purchased by Cuba and Germany. For France, a ground-based complex was created to work with distant space stations. With the help of scanning photo devices for the study of the Earth’s natural resources of the Fragment-2 complex, the capabilities of which made it possible to discern a cigarette in human teeth, geographical maps were created with places of mineral deposits deposited, which was of considerable importance for the country's economy [2] . Some inventions of the OKB are still used in the military industry [14] .
In addition to space instrumentation, medical devices for blood electrophoresis , a special table for ophthalmologic operations, oncological scalpels for extracting salt stones, a set of titanium for fastening joints , as well as automation for elevators , agricultural equipment were being developed [11] .
See also
- Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Links
Literature
- Vyacheslav Shcherbakov. Frunze OKB IKI. - Kaluga, 2010. - 144 p.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Frunzensky OKB IKI . Friedhelm (December 6, 2010). - Publishing house of local lore literature. The appeal date is March 5, 2012. Archived on October 5, 2012.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Ivan Marchenko. The cosmic past of a small republic . The 24.kg news agency (April 11, 2011). - Interview. The appeal date is March 5, 2012.
- ↑ "The Space Research Institute of Kyrgyzstan has manufactured over 200 instruments for space exploration, the ex-director" . i-News.kz (April 11, 2011). - Source (rus.) : CA-News.org - Interview with the former director of the Design Bureau. The appeal date is March 6, 2012. Archived October 5, 2012.
- ↑ OKB IKI of the USSR Academy of Sciences . Antique shop (October 27, 2011). - The badge "Design Bureau of the Academy of Sciences of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR is 25 years 1964 - 1989" - in the absence of a detailed description of the origin of the icons, the accuracy is assumed, although it is not entirely clear. The appeal date is March 6, 2012. Archived October 5, 2012.
- ↑ 1 2 Spin-X wide-angle X-ray monitor . Department of Astrophysics of High Energies IKI RAS . - SPECTRUM-RENTGEN-GAMMA International Astrophysical Observatory. The appeal date is March 5, 2012. Archived on October 5, 2012.
- ↑ Toktogul Kakchekeyev. A country not frightened presidents! gezitter.org (August 26, 2011). - Source: Kyrgyz Ruhu newspaper (Kyrgyz.) No. 26 of August 26 , 2011 / p. 6. Circulation date March 5, 2012. Archived on October 5, 2012.
- ↑ 1 2 Zoya Ismatulina. Closed space . MSN (August 10, 2007). - Interview. The appeal date is March 5, 2012. Archived on October 5, 2012.
- ↑ Jalalabad Mars Rafikov and Valentin Varlamov could fly instead of Yuri Gagarin! Komsomolskaya Pravda (April 12, 2011). - See the section: How to catch a comet by the tail ?. The appeal date is March 5, 2012. Archived on October 5, 2012.
- ↑ 1 2 Svetlana Permyakova. Valuable scientific equipment of OKB IKI was sold out in the 90s . Kabar (April 11, 2011). The appeal date is March 5, 2012. Archived on October 5, 2012.
- ↑ Tarusa cosmic: how it was. Memory notches . The newspaper "October" (July 12, 2011). - Says V.V. Shcherbakov, Ph.D., one of the first leaders of the enterprise. The appeal date is March 5, 2012. Archived on October 5, 2012.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 The Space Research Institute of Kyrgyzstan has manufactured over 200 instruments for space exploration, the ex-director . News of Kyrgyzstan (April 11, 2011). - Interview with the former director of the Design Bureau. The appeal date is March 5, 2012. Archived on October 5, 2012.
- ↑ N.Aleksandrovich. INTERNATIONAL ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY “GRANAT” . Department of Astrophysics of High Energies IKI RAS . - The official site of the observatory GRANAT . See section: ART-P X-ray telescope. The appeal date is March 6, 2012. Archived October 5, 2012.
- ↑ Rashid Syunyaev. The 20th anniversary of the launch of the GRANAT Orbital Observatory . Department of Astrophysics of High Energies IKI RAS . - Congratulations. The appeal date is March 5, 2012. Archived on October 5, 2012.
- ↑ Rosa Almakunova. Inventions OKB IKI far ahead of the technique of its time . Kabar (April 11, 2011). The appeal date is March 5, 2012. Archived on October 5, 2012.