The joiner is a professional worker, artisan who works with wood, grinds and manufactures woodwork or woodworking products. The carpenter is engaged in carpentry work: the manufacture of sophisticated furniture , doors , windows , arches , stairs and other solid wood products with the possible use of veneering , veneering , lamination , without manual threading. The carpenter performs a more precise, delicate work than a carpenter , and no less than a carver (or sculptor) on wood. The joiner can perform unique micromodelling work on a wooden base.
The word, according to Fasmer , comes from the Polish stolarz (from stóɫ - table) with the same meaning as in Russian. The Polish word, in turn, is tracing paper of the German Tischler (with the same meaning) [1] .
The carpenter's profession is in demand in the furniture industry, in the construction of houses, in the decoration of houses, in the aviation industry (manufacturing of wooden gliders and parts of airplanes), in figure carving on wood and in other spheres.
Professional functions
Professional functions of the joiner include:
- Turning and making products from wood or wood, making furniture (tables, chairs, cabinets, sideboards, stools, bedside tables, shelves, etc.), windows, baseboards, cornices, stairs, wooden parts of planes and figured wood carving . Sawing and planing manually unlined block details of a simple profile. Putting glue manually on the parts to be glued and removing glue spills from parts and assemblies. Installing dowels on glue. Sticker on upholstery products. Assembling frames on metal clips. Assembly of simple boxes from finished parts. Preparation of wood glue. Sharpening simple carpentry tools . Pasting the ends of the veneered parts with a gummed tape. Impregnation of layers and edges of bars with soap solution. Cleaving the round timber into blanks of various sizes and notching the contour of the carved toy.
Joiner's tools
For carpentry work, carpenters use the following carpentry tools: gimlet , workbench , chisel , leg chuck , hammer , jig saw , plane , jointer plane , hand saw , stapler , chisel , zenzubel , faltsgebel , loop , tongue , hammer , chisel , paver , chisel , folzgebel , loop , tongue , hammer , crammer , chisel double , size , Medvedok , tongue- and- groove planer , tongue-type planer , quiver , staple , humpback , primer , shavings , bottom , broach, electric jointer , road builder , planing machine , shoe , sawing dowel , band saw , bead saw , swivel saw , paddle saw , crosscut saw , trimmer , bar cutting machine , wiring , electric jigsaw, spring jigsaw, frame jigsaw , circular saw , milling machine , knife , cutter , scalpel , freezer , cutter , reamer, chisel , angle chisel , hammer , hammer , sharpening machine , grinding wheel , rasp , file , file , sandpaper , whetstone , sharpened , square , goniometer , malka , level , plumb , adjust , test rod , ruler , test ruler , radial marking ruler , calipers , nutromer , vernier caliper , tape measure , cord , scale , pencil , gauge , dash , scooper , compass , evacuate , clamp , wooden vise , vice , handbrake (hammer) , ream , pressure , scraper , staple , tassel hook , drag hook , clamps , gate , drill , naparie , center perk , screw perk , screw perk , drill , sliding drill , rotator , hand drill, spiral drill , drill machine , awl , screwdriver , wrench , pliers , tongs , tweezers , pliers , beaters , pliers , scissors , butterdish .
Security Rules
For safety, the carpenter must know his carpentry business, be able to use carpentry tools, must work in special clothes, must wear personal protective equipment (glasses, gloves, respirator, etc.) if necessary, and must know the safety rules. School-age children can be trained in carpentry under the guidance of an experienced teacher (mentor, instructor and parents), while using simple carpentry tools directly by children is possible, and children are not allowed to use circular saws and band-saws. Self-made carpentry work is permitted to persons not younger than 18 years of age who have the appropriate qualifications, who have received induction training and primary training at the workplace for labor protection , fire safety regulations, as well as those who have been trained for labor protection when working on a drilling machine, with a portable pneumatic tool, when working with hand-held power tools of class II, when working at height, using hoisting machines controlled from the floor [2] .
Occupational diseases
As in any profession, when performing carpentry work, you need to follow the rules of safety, as well as know your business and know how to use the tool. If you ignore the rules of safety and mode of operation, as well as improper use of tools, occupational diseases can occur. Occupational diseases of the joiner include mainly respiratory diseases (like lung cancer or nasal cavity cancer), injuries of the musculoskeletal system (sacrum, spine), and limb injuries (cutting off fingers, palms, amputation of toes due to their trauma), hearing (at the joiners-machine operators). The listed diseases, as a rule, do not arise at observance of the rules of safety precautions and an operating mode, and also at the correct use of tools, and joiners keep working capacity to old age.
See also
- A carpenter
- Furniture
- Furniture manufacturing
- Carpentry tools
Notes
- ↑ Joiner // Etymological dictionary of the Russian language. - M .: Progress. M.R. Vasmer. 1964-1973.
- ↑ [1] Archival copy of September 30, 2007 on the Wayback Machine Occupational safety instructions for the carpenter.
Literature
- GI Kulebakin. Joinery. M., 1987.
- Pokrovsky B.S. Fitting and assembly work; Academy, 2006. ISBN 5-7695-3402-8
- Reference book of the master of joinery and furniture production; Academy, 2006. ISBN 5-7695-2694-7
- Kraut F. and Meyer Fr. Carpentry and carpentry in the interior decoration of buildings. Decor, doors, windows. St. Petersburg. 1901 208 s.
- Netyksa MA A practical course of carpentry art. Benefit. Moscow. 2nd Edition, 1901
- Greeks I. D. A carpenter and a carpenter. Handbook on the skill of wood work. 1931 ISBN 5-8392-0048-4