Dialect of Russian Gypsies - Gypsy dialect spoken by Russian Gypsies . Many Roma of Russia also understand him because of the popularity of traditional and pop songs of Russian Gypsies.
| Dialect of Russian Gypsies | |
|---|---|
| Country | Russia , Ukraine , Belarus |
| Status | Vulnerable |
| Classification | |
| Category | Languages of Eurasia |
Indo-European family
| |
The ancestors of the Russian Gypsies came to Russia and Belarus from the German lands through Poland and the Baltic States.
Related Gypsy dialects: Polish Gypsy dialect, Lithuanian Gypsy dialect, Latvian Gypsy dialect
Content
Features
In the dialect of Russian Gypsies, there are many borrowings and cripples from German, Polish and Russian, including prefixes and suffixes. One of the features of the dialect is the use of the ending “-y” for some nouns and adjectives of the feminine gender, while in most other dialects this ending sounds like “-and”: lola (red), rumny (gypsy), chyupny (whip) , guys (white). In some words, the ending “-i” is preserved: churi (knife), khurmi (porridge). In addition, the end of the masculine abstract nouns “-iip (n)” in Russian gypsies sounds in many cases as “-pype (n)”, “-ybe (n)”, “-ibe (n)”. Aspiration "nx" and (optional) "kx" turned before some vowels into "ps" and "kc": psiko (shoulder), me dyx (I have seen). At the moment, in the dialect of Russian Gypsies, many words of German origin are being replaced by borrowing from the Russian language; In addition, the traditional ending of the reflexive verbs “-ёl” is gradually replaced by tracing paper from the Russian “-elpe”, where the particle “-pe” literally corresponds to the Russian particle “-xia”. The rest of the grammar remains native Gypsy.
Examples of words
With common roots
- dad - father
- give mother
- Gray - the horse
- jyukal - dog
- big hand
- yakh - eye
- baht - happiness, luck
- Jiipen - life
- yag - fire
- lords - water
With roots borrowed from Russian.
- family - family
- river - river
- spring - spring
- vanco - wreath
- bida - trouble
- color - flower color
With roots borrowed from the Polish language
- indarara skirt
- scampo - mean, greedy
- sando - court
- Mandro - cunning, insightful
- wenzlo - knot with things
With roots borrowed from German.
- fan window, fan window
- falda - field
- nubba - room, apartment
- barga - mountain
- gancho, horseback horse, thoroughbred horse
See also
- Russian gypsies
- Gypsy language
Literature
- Barannikov A. P., Sergievsky M. V. Gypsy-Russian Dictionary. - M .: State Publishing House of Foreign and National Dictionaries, 1938. - 191 p.
- Demeter N. G., Bessonov N. V., Kutenkov V. K. The History of Gypsies: A New Look / Ed. G.S. Demeter; RAS IEA them. N.N. Miklukho-Maklay. - Voronezh, 2000. - 334 p. - ISBN 5-89981-180-3 .
- Sergievsky M.V. Gypsy language. A brief guide to grammar and spelling . - M .: Tsentrizdat, 1931. - 85 p.
- Shapoval V.V. Tutorial of the Gypsy language: Russian Roma, North Russian dialect. - M .: AST, 2007. - 447 p. - ISBN 978-5-17-043115-1 .