KB-572

Cranes of the KB-572 series are specially designed for moving timber loads. Cranes of both the basic design ( KB-572 ) and the subsequent modifications ("-A", "-B") were produced at the NKZ . A modification of KB-572B is currently being manufactured ^[3] .

Characteristics of the crane are given in the card ^[3] .

The construction of a tower crane includes: running trolleys (4 pcs.), A portal, a tower (with a head), a slewing ring, a working boom, a cargo trolley, a counterweight console, as well as a control cabin and working mechanisms (cargo winches, turning and moving mechanisms freight trolley).

Portal

Portal - U-shaped, open for passage of wide-gauge loaded trains . The design is an open welded frame, supported by four support posts. The latter are made in the form of welded pyramidal structures of the box section and are connected to the frame by flanges on bolts . Side racks are interconnected by longitudinal beams.

In the longitudinal beams, at the ends, there are bushings for the pivots of the running trolleys. The crane rails on which the running trolleys are located are installed on the same level as the railway tracks. Lugs are welded from above to the longitudinal beams for fastening the portal during its assembly. On the upper part of the frame there are flanges for attaching the tower, and on both sides of it are concrete loads - to give stability to the crane.

Tower

The tower of the crane is a tetrahedral lattice structure in the form of a truss. It is made of pipes that are connected by braces, as well as ties - diagonal and transverse. At the bottom of the tower there are flanges for connecting to the portal, and at the top - with the rotary part of the crane.

Swivel

The rotary part of the crane is installed on the portal. It is a lattice truss structure. The plan has a square section. The rotary part of the crane consists of the following elements:

• The tower is of rectangular cross-section (with a rotary head), top-turning.
• Working boom - beam type: with winches, as well as blocks guiding the cargo and traction ropes.
• Counterweight console: with a counterweight and operating mechanisms mounted on it.

Slewing ring - roller, single row. It consists of two parts - a non-rotating (lower) part and a rotating (upper) section. Between them there is a turntable (roller, single row) with gearing - internal. The rotation of the crane is carried out using two rotation mechanisms. The design of the upper swivel section includes a truss and an annular frame.

The annular frame is a welded sheet construction made in the form of a ring, which is equipped with eyes - for attaching the boom and calculating. Inside its design there is a hatch - to go from the tower stairs to the platform on the turntable. Attached to the upper section are: swing mechanisms, a platform with a control cabin, as well as cabinets with electrical equipment.

The truss structure is made of braces and 4 waist pipes ending in the upper part with a flange to which the head is attached. In the construction of the farm is a ladder - for lifting to the head of the crane. The head is a pyramidal structure welded from sheet steel. In the upper part of the head there are eyelets and a cross-beam for fastening the braces, as well as guide blocks of the cargo rope mounted on the axles.

Work boom and counterweight console

The boom and counterweight console are attached to the rotary head using rigid hinged braces (on opposite sides): the arrow is fixed with one comb, and the console with two. The design of the calculation consists of two rigid rods made of a rod and pivotally connected using special transitional earrings. Beam arrow - trellised sectional farm, triangular section. In the working position, the boom is located horizontally, and without load it can move (in the vertical direction).

To move the cargo trolley, a monorail is used, attached to the bottom of the diaphragms. The latter are located at the ends of the boom sections. The working mechanisms ( blocks ) for moving the freight trolley and the direction of the ropes are located in the root and at the extreme sections of the working boom: one guide block is installed in the root for the traction rope of the freight trolley, and at the extreme section there are two blocks guiding the hoisting rope.

Departure varies (from 3 to 35 m ) by moving along the lower belts of the cargo trolley. In the metal structure of the root part of the boom there is also a winch, which with the help of ropes carries out the movement (on the road rollers) of the cargo trolley. To pass along the working boom, the flooring is laid on the lower belts, and a fence is installed on the sides. The length of the boom depends on the operating conditions of the crane.

The counterweight console is a trellised truss, triangular section. Consists of two sections connected by bolt flanges. The design of the two upper console belts is made up of unequal corners to which the crossbars are attached (for welding). Braces, ties and lower console belt - made of pipes. The console also has a deck with a guard and a counterweight plate and a load winch.

Freight Trolley

The design consists of two box-shaped frames made in the form of two letters "P" on which the axles of the road rollers are mounted. Box-shaped frames are fastened by two channels , on the axes between which are located the blocks of the cargo rope. On the cross members of the frames there are two drums having ratchet mechanisms and handles. Drums are designed to select slack ropes. This is achieved by winding the tension rope onto the drum.

Chassis

The undercarriage is fixed by a pivot with a connecting beam of the portal through the sleeve. The trolley can be shifted vertically by 50 mm using a kingpin. The lower end of the kingpin is connected to the balancer by a hinge, and the balancer is connected by welding to a frame having a driven wheel. The frame of the trolley is made of sheet steel in the form of a box structure.

The frame has axle boxes with roller bearings, bolted to it. Axles with running wheels rest on axle boxes. The driven wheel has a plow for cleaning the rails of the crane track . The frames of the trolleys are equipped with tongs. The extreme working positions of the crane on the crane tracks are fixed by a limit switch mounted on one of the four running trolleys.

Tower cranes, forestry loaders KB-572 are under tight control over the operation of the bodies of Gosgortekhnadzor ^[4] . A list of accidents and causes is given below.

Deadline

• January 25, 2001 in one of the timber industry enterprises of the Nizhny Novgorod region there was an accident of the crane KB-572 , the crane operator died. According to the results of the investigation, it was found that: “the crane has worked out the normative period. The survey has not been conducted. The seal was removed for repairs. The crane continued to operate on 13 of 48 bolts. Due to the breakage of the remaining bolts, the turning part of the crane fell. ” ^[5] .

Fault

• On December 11, 2002, when unloading a car with lumber at one of the logging points when turning KB-572 (without load), the pipes of the crane tower belt broke. As a result, the entire top of the crane fell. There are no injuries. According to the results of the investigation, it was established that: "the cause of the fall was the malfunction of KB-572 " ^[6] .
• October 20, 2004 in St. Petersburg , on leased territory, KB-572 , released in 1990 , fell. At the same time, the crane operator suffered minor injuries (bruising of the back and head). It turned out that: "the crane was ownerless and faulty" ^[7] .

Negligence

December 26, 2002 in one of the warehouses of the Irkutsk region when pulling the lines from under the lumber folded into a bundle, due to the release of the ropes, there was a sharp release of the load. As a result of a sharp dynamic impact, the KB-572B collapsed flanges of the tower to the mount, and its upper part fell. The driver was thrown into the cockpit aperture and she was slightly injured. According to the results of the investigation, it was established that: “the cause of the accident was the careless actions of personnel” ^[6] .

Tear

• In 2004, the accident of the KB-572B crane , (factory number 443) , occurred in the Inzersky leshoz. As the investigation showed: “a significant number of bolts attaching the OPU to a fixed frame was partially or completely destroyed before the collapse of the rotary part of the crane” ^[8] .

• In October 2004, in St. Petersburg on the territory of one of the commercial organizations, the rotary part broke off from the KB-572 crane, released in 1990 ^[9] , and the crane fell.

Rope break

• On March 17, 2005, in one of the timber processing enterprises of Veliky Ustyug, at the KB-572 crane that lifted the load, the cargo rope broke, resulting in the death of a slinger. According to the results of the investigation, it was established that: “the breakage of the cargo rope occurred due to the loss of its strength as a result of wear and wire breakage due to the abrasion of the rope that came from the block about the axis of the block and the hook suspension bolts” . ^[10] .

Separation of OPU bolts and separation of the rotary part

• On August 19, 2007, at one of the warehouses of the Kostroma Region, the turning part was torn off as a result of the breakdown of the mounting bolts of the OPU. The crane driver was fatally injured ^[11] .

Chassis

• On June 26, 2008, at the production site of the enterprise controlled by the Perm Interregional Administration for Technological and Environmental Supervision of Rostekhnadzor , when the tower crane KB-572A was moving along the track, the limit switch failed, which blocks the main movement when hitting the deadlocks. Crane brakes did not work. Having knocked down deadlock stops, the crane went off the track to the construction equipment standing nearby. There are no victims ^[12] .

Set of Reasons

• On July 12, 2011 in the village of Krasny Zaton, the city of Syktyvkar , when moving roundwood, the arrow of KB-572B fell . As a result of the fall and impact of the crane's boom on the ground, the crane driver who fell out of the cab was seriously injured ^[13] . According to the results of the investigation, it was established that the causes of the accident KB-572B were ^[14] :

• "Faulty bolt connection with a slewing ring rotary device . "
• "Operation of a faulty and unregistered crane in supervisory authorities . "
• "Lack of production control and admission of non-certified personnel . "

The director of a company that used a failed tower crane faces up to a year in prison according to Art. 143 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation “Violation of safety rules or other labor protection rules that entailed through negligence the infliction of grievous harm to human health" ^[15] .

• Instructions for installation and operation of the tower crane KB-572 - M .: Stroyizdat , 1980 . - 76 p.
• KB-572 - Operating Instructions - M .: Mashinoeksport, USSR
• The study of the loads on the log loader KB-572 from the action of the miter of bundles of logs J1B-169: report on research (conclusion) / MarPI; hands. Voitko P.F.-Yoshkar-Ola, 1980., 200 p.
• Design documentation for a tower crane KB-572. - M.: VNIIstroydormash, 1975., 386 p.
• The main calculation of the KB-572 crane. - M .: VNIIstroydormash, 1973-318 p.
• Smorodinsky I. M .: Experience of operating cranes-loaders KB-572 at the enterprises of the Ministry of Industry / I. M. Smorodinsky, E. E. Lunden, A. E. Tolpin // Builds, and Dor. cars. - 1976. No. 4. - c. 13-14.
• Tensometric tests of the KB-572 crane and TPT-10 round timber cutter: report on research (intermediate) / MarPI; hands. Lobanov Yu.V .; open execution Voitko P.F. Yoshkar-Ola, 1977 .-- 60 p.
• V.V. Mishin : Experimental determination of the loads transmitted by the TPK-10 miter to the KB-572 crane / V.V. Mishin, P.F. Voitko // Sb. tr Central Research Institute of Forest Alloy. M .: Lesn. industry, 1980. - Vol. 37.- S. 59–61.
• Nevzorov L.A., Pazelsky G.N., Romanyukha V.N. - Tower cranes: Uch. allowance for vocational schools, 4th ed., revised. and add. - M .: Higher school, 1980 - 326s., Ill.
• Volkov D.P.: Building machines - M, Higher school, 1988 , 319s, ISBN 5-06-001262-X
• Reliability “on the machine”: Modernization of the rotation mechanism of timber loaders of the KB-572 type - TechNADZOR Magazine, No. 8 (57), August 2011
• Shekalov E. A., Vtyurina Z. D .: Production and energy performance indicators of a tower crane KB-572 with a grab LT-184 on a stacking and dumping into the alloy of round timber - Izvestiya Vuzov. The magazine "Forest Journal", No. 6 for 1998 , p. 48-51. - ISSN 0536-1036. - ISSN 0536-10
• Bogdanov E. A., Aleksandrov V. M., Pivovarov E. A .: Features of operation and examination of industrial safety of cranes KB-572 - Journal “Industrial Safety”, 2005 , pp. 4-6, ISSN 0409-2961

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