Solovetsky (Arkhangelsk region)

Monastic period

The settlement around the Solovetsky Monastery arose almost simultaneously with its foundation in the 1420-1430s . On August 5, 1621, a tsar’s letter came to the Solovetsky Monastery, which stated that since the Solovetsky city was a “ Ukrainian place” (the outskirts), the monastery needed to be strengthened, stone dwellings for service people should be built, and there was a “moat near the Solovetsky city, which was laid out with stone ... dokopati, and put out with a stone and beat the garlic ” ^{[2] [3]} . Subsequently, until 1920 , when the monastery was disbanded, the islands of the Solovetsky archipelago were the monastery property, being under the jurisdiction of the monks ^[4] .

Soviet period

In 1923, the Solovetsky Special Purpose Camp , which lasted until 1933, was organized in the former monastery buildings; later on this place was one of the departments of the White Sea-Baltic camp , in 1937 - 1939 - the Solovetsky prison for special purposes . In 1942, the Boatswain and Jung school was expanded in the monastery premises (one of its cadets was 14-year-old Valentin Pikul , who later became famous as a writer ). On February 12, 1944, a Council of Workers' Deputies was established on the Big Solovetsky Island; The official birth of the civilian village, now called Solovetsky, is usually associated with this date. Initially, it was part of the Karelian-Finnish SSR , later - until 1960 - it was attached to the Solombalsky district of Arkhangelsk , and later - included in the Primorsky (1960-1963 and 1965-1987 ) and Onega (1963-1965) districts Arkhangelsk region ^[4] .

The village was called the Kremlin for a long time, although it occupied a territory that significantly exceeded the territory of the monastery. On January 19, 1987, the inhabitants of the village at a rural gathering voted to give him the name Solovki, and in April of that year he received the modern name Solovetsky ^[4] .

Modern Period

The majority of the population of the Solovetsky Islands lives in the village: the entire population of the Solovetsky rural settlement is 931 ^[8] people. (2018).

The main attraction of the village is the Solovetsky Monastery , a UNESCO World Heritage Site , around which the settlement was actually formed and which (as a tourist attraction ) is now one of the main sources of income for the residents of the village.

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  Bird's-eye view

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  Transfiguration Monastery on Solovetsky Island .

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  Holy Lake on the background of the Solovetsky Kremlin .

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  Labyrinths near the village.

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  Dam between the Straits South Iron Gate and Northern Iron Gate

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  The island of Big Muksalma .

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  The dam between the Solovetsky island and Big Muksalma .

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  Great Muksalma . Pilgrims approach the island.

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  The rocky shore of the Solovetsky island .

• Peter Leonov. The village of Solovetsky: a brief reference on history, architecture, toponymy // Solovetsky Sea: almanac. - 2005. - No. 4 .