Eyelid tumors

Benign eyelid tumors usually grow slowly. They are represented by the following species:

Papilloma

It is a benign tumor originating from squamous epithelium. It appears in the form of thin pale gray growths on the legs, sometimes in several places at once. Fibropapilloma has a well-developed stroma with a large number of blood vessels.

Senile wart (basal cell papilloma, seborrheic keratosis)

Somewhat reminiscent of papilloma, but much more susceptible to keratinization.

Keratoacanthoma

Trichoepithelioma

Rarely observed. Comes from the hair follicle. Several morphological forms of this tumor are distinguished: cystic, clear-cell, solid and complex (a combination of the three previous types). It occurs mainly in the central part of the lower eyelid and is well delimited from neighboring tissues.

Syringoadenoma

It is observed very rarely. It develops from the epithelium of the sweat gland and consists of a large number of cystic cavities. It looks like a dense subepithelial nodule and grows very slowly.

Benign nevus

It is much less common than tumors of epithelial origin, and is represented by a very diverse group of tumors in structure and course of the disease: borderline, intradermal, mixed and other types. It is mainly localized in the area of ​​the intermarginal edge of the eyelid in the form of nodes, cords and papillomatous growths of various pigmentation: from colorless to yellow-brown and black color.

Fibroma , hemangioma , histiocytoma

Of the soft-tissue benign tumors of the century, fibroma and hemangioma are most common. Only isolated cases of histiocytoma are described.

Basalioma

Most often it develops in the lower eyelid (46.6% of cases) and at the inner edge of the eye (34.4%). It is observed in the elderly at the age of 50-70 years, but it also occurs at a younger age.

Progressive nevus

This type of tumor is the result of the malignancy of a benign nevus in melanoma .

Cancer of the century

Century cancer accounts for about 20% of all eyelid tumors. It occurs most often in the area of ​​the intermarginal space and on the border of the epithelium of the mucous membrane and epidermis. Its development is preceded by the presence of precancerous diseases. Tumor cells originate from the epidermis, the spinous layer of hair follicles, the excretory ducts of the lacrimal and meibomian glands.

Cancer of meibomian glands (adenocarcinoma of meibomian glands, cancer of sebaceous glands)

Rare, but very malignant tumor, which is masked as basal cellulose, but early gives extensive regional and distant metastases and has an unfavorable prognosis.

Century melanoma

A rare type of tumor of the century, developing on the background of a nevus. The clinical course is similar to that of other localization melanomas.

Malignant mesenchymal tumors of the century

These include fibrosarcoma and angiosarcoma, for which only isolated cases are described.

Treatment of tumors of the century depends on the histological structure of the neoplasm, the clinical course of the disease, the location and extent of the tumor process.

Benign tumors are treated surgically. For this, tumors are subjected to electrocoagulation, cryodestruction and surgical removal. In the case of treatment of hemangiomas, radiation treatment is also used.

Malignant tumors are also successfully removed by cryodestruction. In the case of treatment of common malignant tumors after gamma-therapy and surgery, postoperative plastics is used to replace defects. Chemotherapy in the treatment of tumors of the century is not widespread.

In the treatment of benign as well as malignant tumors in the initial stages of development, the prognosis is favorable. Significantly worse prognosis in the treatment of basaliomas and squamous cell carcinoma. For melanomas, the treatment results are bad.

• Tumors of the eye and its appendages

• Paces A. I. Head and neck tumors. - M .: Medicine, 1983. - 416 p. - 20 000 copies