Big Cherkasy tract

The Great Cherkassky Tract ^[1] is a postal road built at the end of the 18th century - the beginning of the 19th century , connecting Stavropol with Moscow . Initially, the tract passed through the capital of the Don Cossacks of that time - the city of Cherkassk, hence its name “Cherkassky tract”. Later, with the foundation in 1805 of Novocherkassk , the tract passed through this city. The road was of strategic importance, it was used for the transfer of troops during the Caucasian War and the Russian-Turkish Wars . Along the tract, post stations were organized.

The Great Cherkasy tract lost its strategic importance with the development of railway communication in the North Caucasus. In the documents of the late XIX century, the road is called "Postal Route from Stavropol to Rostov-on-Don ."

Content

History

On May 9, 1785, Empress Catherine II issued a Decree "On the device of the Caucasian province and the Astrakhan region." The decree ordered the construction of postal roads from Tsaritsyn to the Caucasian line and from the Caucasian line to Cherkassk.

On March 17, 1786, the Governing Senate issued a decree ordering it to populate places along the road from Tsaritsyn to Cherkassk through the Caucasian line. The decree proposed the formation of 14 new villages (up to 900 yards) and six postal stations in the Caucasian province. The creation and settlement of settlements along the road from the Caucasian line to Cherkassk and laid the foundation for the Great Cherkassy tract. ^[2] ^[3]

The settlement of the section of the Great Cherkassky tract from the border with the Don Army ^[4] to Stavropol began in 1804 . Immigrants from the Oryol, Kursk, Smolensk, Penza, Voronezh, Tula, Kaluga and Moscow provinces created settlements at postal stations and along the postal road.

Post stations and transit settlements on the Big Cherkassky tract

Section from Stavropol to the border with the Don Army as of 1859

Name of settlement		Name of department, type of settlement	Postal service	Settlement year	Distance from Stavropol		amount
official (colloquially) in 1859	modern	Name of department, type of settlement	Postal service	Settlement year	versts	Km	courtyards	inhabitants
Stavropol	Stavropol	provincial city	post office	1777	0	0	2680	17742
Moscow	Moscow	breech village	post station	nd	thirty	32.01	397	3718
Donskoye	Donskoye	breech village	post station	1777	50	53.34	733	5009
Emmanuilovka (Kusakovskaya)	Emmanuevsky	landowner village	not	nd	60	64.01	ten	59
Volobueva Ilya	does not exist	farmstead	not	nd	60	64.01	2	20
Safe	Safe	breech village	post station	nd	70	74.68	694	5239
Barrier	Barrier	breech village	post station	nd	94	100.28	361	2510
Bearish	Krasnogvardeiskoe	breech village	not	1803	110.5	117.88	648	3903
Station and farm of state peasants of the village of Medvezhy	does not exist	post office	post station	nd	116.5	124.28	38	207
Bogomolov	Bogomolov	farm of her and Rostov merchants	not	1859	122.5	130.68	eight	86
Kalalah	does not exist	farmstead	not	nd	126.5	134.95	2	7
Private	Private	breech village	not	1848	128.5	137.08	260	1276
Letnitskoe	Summer	breech village	post station	1803	139.5	148.82	392	2942
Razyspensky (Razyspiansky)	Loose	official settlement of the village of Zhukovsky	not	nd	149.5	159.49	150	1090
Sandstone	Sandstone	breech village	post station	1803	162.5	173.36	585	4189
Sredneegorlytskoe (Lezhanka)	Middle Egorlyk	breech village	post station	nd	190.5	203.23	700	4129

Our time

There is currently no road.

Notes

↑ Other names found in the documents “Cherkassky Tract”, “Great Cherkasy Road”
↑ "A Brief Overview of the Stavropol Province", published in the "Memorial Book of the Stavropol Province", published by the Stavropol Provincial Statistical Committee, 1893
↑ Article by G.N. Prozriteleva "Stavropol province in historical, economic and domestic relations" published in the "Memorial book of the Stavropol province" published by the Stavropol Provincial Statistical Committee, 1919
↑ The border of the Caucasian province at that time passed north of the village of Sredneegorlytsky (now the village of Sredny Yegorlyk )

Links

About Stavropol : [ arch. 02/19/2012 ] // The official portal of the administration of the city of Stavropol.
On the Azov-Mozdok line. Manuscripts of N. M. Obozny : [ arch. 03/22/2019 ] // Nevinnomyssk Chronograph.
On the Great Cherkasy tract : [ arch. 03/22/2019 ] // Website of Ivan Lyubenko.

[1] Other names found in the documents “Cherkassky Tract”, “Great Cherkasy Road”

[2] "A Brief Overview of the Stavropol Province", published in the "Memorial Book of the Stavropol Province", published by the Stavropol Provincial Statistical Committee, 1893

[3] Article by G.N. Prozriteleva "Stavropol province in historical, economic and domestic relations" published in the "Memorial book of the Stavropol province" published by the Stavropol Provincial Statistical Committee, 1919

[4] The border of the Caucasian province at that time passed north of the village of Sredneegorlytsky (now the village of Sredny Yegorlyk )