Ilya Pavlovich Kozhar ( July 21 [3] August 1902 - October 13, 1967 ) - Hero of the Soviet Union , secretary of the Gomel Underground Regional Committee of the KP (b) B, commander of the Gomel partisan formation, Major General . Member of the partisan movement in Belarus . He was awarded two Orders of Lenin , the Order of the Red Banner of Labor and various medals [1] .
| Ilya Pavlovich Kozhar | |||||||||
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| Date of Birth | July 21 ( August 3 ) 1902 | ||||||||
| Place of Birth | The village of Maloye Galtsevo, Mogilyov province , the Russian Empire now Tolochinsky district , Vitebsk region | ||||||||
| Date of death | October 13, 1967 (65 years) | ||||||||
| Place of death | Minsk , Belarus SSR | ||||||||
| Affiliation |  the USSR | ||||||||
| Rank |  | ||||||||
| Commanded | Gomel partisan connection | ||||||||
| Battles / Wars | The Great Patriotic War | ||||||||
| Awards and prizes |
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Content
Biography
Ilya Pavlovich Kozhar was born on July 21 (3) August 1902 in the village of Maloye Galtsevo, Mogilev Province of the Russian Empire (now the Tolochinsky District , Vitebsk Region , Republic of Belarus ) in a peasant family. By nationality - Belarusian . Since 1924, Kozhar has been working in the village of Kokhanovo, Orsha District . Since 1926, Ilya is a member of the CPSU (b) , and then the CPSU . Since 1929, he has been participating in party work. Since 1932, Kozhar has been secretary of Braginsky , and then first secretary of Vetka and Loevsky district committees of the CP (b) B. Since 1940, he has held the position of executive secretary of the newspaper “Gomelskaya Pravda”, and since January 1941, he has been the secretary of the Gomel regional committee of the CP (b) B.
Kozhar participated in the Great Patriotic War since July 1941. He was one of the organizers and leaders of the underground and partisan movement in the Byelorussian SSR . Since August 1941 Kozhar - Secretary of the Gomel Underground CP (b) B Regional Committee. From November 1942, he was appointed commander of the Gomel partisan formation, consisting of 6 detachments: Gomel, Loev, Rechitsa, Zhlobin, Buda-Koshelevsky and Uvarovichsky.
In order to maintain a closer connection with the command of the partisan detachments, Kozhar moved to the Loev district, where the partisan group “For the Homeland” operated. Since the spring of 1943, the Kozhara headquarters was located in Rechitsa district. In July 1943 - during the Battle of Kursk - the connection of Ilya Kozhar received a directive from the Central Headquarters of the partisan movement on striking railway tracks. The partisan detachments went to the designated areas and in one night they blew up about a thousand rails, derailed 2 German trains and destroyed over a hundred and fifty German soldiers and officers [1] .
Against the partisan unit Kozhara, the German command repeatedly took punitive operations. For example, the SS division and two regiments of the field gendarmerie arrived in Rechitsa [1] . Connection Kozhara took the defense at the edge of the forest near the village Uznozh. On June 13, 1943, a fierce battle ensued near this village, which ended only at 9 o'clock in the evening after another fruitless German attempt to break through the partisan defense. At the site of the battle near the village Uznozhn now stands a monument obelisk.
By the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of September 16, 1943, No. 1000, one of the ten commanders of partisan formations of the Byelorussian SSR, I. P. Kozharu, was given the military rank of Major General [1] .
On November 10, 1943, the Gomel-Rechitskaya offensive operation of the forces of the Belarusian Front commanded by K. K. Rokossovsky began . The main blow was delivered by the 65th army on the left wing of the front from the bridgehead at Loyev . On November 17, 1943, units of the 65th Army Rechitsa were liberated, and large trophies and many prisoners were captured. The commander of the 65th army , P.I.Batov, noted that “the main role in this operation was assigned to the union of Ilya Kozhar”.
Soon the partisan unit Kozhara was disbanded, and about 6 thousand partisans joined the units of the Belarusian Front.
For the skillful organization of the underground and partisan struggle in the enemy's rear, by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of January 1, 1944, Major-General Kozhar Illya Pavlovich was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal (No. 2231) [1] .
In 1943-47 Kozhar served as secretary of the Gomel Regional Committee of the KP (b) B , and then he worked in the office of the Central Committee of the KP (b) B. In 1947-63, he was the director of the Republican Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Belarus, which in 1956 was renamed the Minsk Higher Party School. Kozhar is a member of the Central Committee of the PBC in 1952-58 and 1960-61, and since 1961 - a member of the PBC Audit Commission. In 1963, he is its chairman. Kozhar worked as a history teacher at the Belarusian State University . He was elected deputy of the Supreme Council of the BSSR 3-5 and 7th convocations.
Kozhar lived in Minsk until his death. Ilya Pavlovich Kozhar died on October 13, 1967 and was buried in Minsk.
Memory
- A memorial plaque is installed on the building of the former Minsk Higher Party School [1]
- The street in Gomel and the Kokhanovo school of the Tolochinsky district of the Vitebsk region of Belarus are named after Kozhara [1]
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Kozhar Ilya Pavlovich . The appeal date is February 25, 2012. Archived September 13, 2012.
Literature
- Kozhar Ilya Paўlavich // Entsyklapedyya gistory_ Belarus: 6 tons / redkal. G.P. Pashkoў [і інш.]. - Minsk., 1997. - T. 4. - p. 223.
Links
Kozhar, Ilya Pavlovich . The site " Heroes of the country ."