HMS Latona (1781) is a 38-gun 18-pound frigate of the Royal Navy rank 5 . Ordered on March 22, 1779 . Launched on March 13, 1781 at the private shipyard Edward Greaves in Limehouse. The only ship named after the mythological Latona ( Summer ).
| Hms latona | |
|---|---|
| Hms latona | |
 HMS Latona during the occupation of Curacao, 1807 | |
| Service | |
 Great Britain | |
| Class and type of vessel | rank 5 frigate |
| Type of sailing weapon | three mast ship |
| Organization |  Royal fleet |
| Manufacturer | Edward Greaves , Limehouse |
| The author of the ship drawing | John williams |
| Construction started | October 1779 |
| Launched | March 13, 1781 |
| Withdrawn from the fleet | disarmed 1813 , sold 1816 |
| Main characteristics | |
| Displacement | 944 20/94 tons ( approx. ) [1] |
| Gondek length | 141 ft 3 in (43.05 m ) |
| Midship Width | 38 ft 11¾ in. (11.88 m) |
| Depth of intrum | 13 ft 6 in (4.11 m) |
| Engines | Sail |
| Crew | 270/280 [1] |
| Armament | |
| Total number of guns | 38 |
| Guns on the operdek | 28 × 18 pound guns |
| Guns on the Trench | 8 × 6-fn guns + 6 × 18-fn carronade ; 14 falconets |
| Guns on the tank | 2 × 6-fn guns + 4 × 18-fn carronades |
Content
Build
The 18-pound frigate was the Royal Navy's response to the numerical superiority of the Bourbons during the American Revolutionary War . [2] It represented a quantum leap and, as such, was noticeably larger and stronger than the traditional British frigate.
Latona was among the first 18 pounds, experiments with sizes continued, the type was not settled yet. The ship was built for a comparative assessment with the Edward Hunt HMS Minerva project. Remained the only one constructed according to this drawing (approved on March 24, 1779 ).
As with previous ships, on September 30, carronades and falconets were added to the original project, and on April 25, 1780, 6-pound guns were replaced by 9-pound ones. The second ship of this project was approved by the Admiralty on November 14, 1782 . It was planned to order his John Fisher shipyard in Liverpool , but the order was never placed. [one]
Service
American Revolutionary War
He entered service in March 1781 , captain Hyde Parker (Jr.) .
1781 - August 5 was at Dogger Bank ; November, Captain Lord Hugh Seymour-Conway.
1782 - April 25 in the Canal took the French corsair Bernardin ; in the summer with the Lord Howe fleet; September-October, with whom he participated in lifting the siege from Gibraltar ; October 20 was present at Cape Spartel , did not participate in the battle.
1783 - April, withdrawn to the reserve; May, returned to service, Captain Thomas Boston; November 24 left for the Leeward Islands . [one]
Interwar years
1784 - May, Captain Charles Sandys.
1786 - March, Commander Velters Berkeley ( born Velters Berkeley ); October, put into reserve and calculated.
1788 - November, repair between medium and large in Woolwich to June 1790 ; equipped for active service.
1790 - commissioned in May, captain Albemarle Berthie , but was put on reserve that same year.
French Revolutionary Wars
1792 - December, commissioned, captain Edward Thornbrough; equipment in Woolwich until January 1793 .
1793 - March, the French corsair L'Amérique took a bolt-head; May, together with HMS Phaeton took 10-gun corsairs Franklin and L'Ambitieux ; November 27 with him from the island of Wessan took the 28-gun Blonde . [one]
June 1793, recaptured by Commerce , skipper Prober, on a flight from Charleston to Bristol , taken by the Tigre corsair from Saint-Malo . Then he was recaptured by James , who was going from Plymouth to Limerick , also previously captured by a corsair. [3]
1794 - May, entered the squadron of Lord Howe; was at the first of June ; September, Captain Arthur Legge, Channel Fleet ; escorted to England the Princess of Braunschweig Carolina .
1796 - Captain Legge surrendered command.
1797 - May, Captain John Bligh; flagship of Vice Admiral William Waldgrave ( born William Waldgrave ); May 30 went to Newfoundland ; November, Captain Frank Sotheron.
1798 - February, returned to England; On April 23, he again went to Newfoundland, returned to England in December. [one]
In 1798, Vice Admiral Waldgrave sent out a new instruction that merchant ships must be properly equipped before claiming a place in convoys . The need for such a measure was proved when the convoy entrusted by Latona from St. John to Portugal was delayed due to the fact that the merchant captains did not complete the set of sails. [3]
1799 - at the Lisbon station; November 29 took the 12-gun corsair L'Aigle ; December 3 - 13-gun Intrépide .
1800 - North Sea ; On April 6, a 14-gun Virginie took Flamborough. [1] According to other sources, on April 5 , about 30 miles E from Cape Flamborough Head, Latona took the French corsair - Lugger Virginie (14) from Dunkirk , captain Aubin Sevry ( fr. Aubin Sevry ), with a team of 53 people; 5 days after leaving Calais, he did not take a single prize. [3]
1801 - at the beginning of the year in the Baltic ; October, in Deptford .
1802 - Channel Fleet; back to the Baltic; August-October in St. Petersburg , Russia ; He returned to England in October, put in reserve and calculated, put in a sludge. [one]
Napoleonic Wars
1804 - April-October, repair between medium and large in Deptford; commissioned in August, Captain Thomas Gosselin, Channel Fleet; [1] commanded a coastal squadron near Brest until he transferred to HMS Audacious in February 1806 . [3]
1805 - October 22 took the Spanish 22-gun privatir Amphion (70 people [3] ).
1806 - April, Captain James Wood; June, light carronades replaced with 32 lbs; August (?), went to Jamaica . [one]
1807 - January 1 with the Brisbane squadron ( Latona , HMS Arethusa , HMS Anson , HMS Fisgard , and Morne Fortunee ) was under the occupation of Curacao . [4] [5]
After spending some time in the Canal, Latona received orders to escort the fleet to Jamaica. It was part of the squadron of Captain Charles Brisbane during the capture of Curacao on January 1, 1807. Arethusa , Latona , Anson , and Fisgard arrived at the island with no order to attack, but Captain Brisbane led them to the harbor and anchored under the fortifications of Fort Amsterdam and Fort Republik, after which he opened fire and confused the Dutch. Mr. Grint, the Latona navigator, climbed onto the Dutch frigate Hatslaer , asking for mercy, but his flag got tangled in the halyards , so Captain Brisbane took the opportunity to board and lower the flag himself.
The squadron's boats were ordered to land the people who took possession of Fort Amsterdam. Then, under the stern of Latona , the governor of Curacao appeared on the boat, accompanied by the governor, but captain Brisbane sent him ashore, where an agreement was reached on the surrender of the remaining forts . The losses of the British amounted to only 4 people killed and 14 wounded. Captains Brisbane and Wood were knighthood and awarded gold medals.
After that, Sir Alexander Cochrane entrusted Captain Wood with the blockade of Danish possessions, which surrendered at the end of 1807. Wood switched to HMS Captain . [3]
1809 - Captain Hugh Pigot, West Indies ; February 10, together with HMS Horatio , HMS Driver and HMS Superieure took the 40-gun French frigate Junon ; [6]
Captain Pigot commanded the blockade squadron at Guadeloupe . On February 10, Latona chased the French frigate Junon in the Virgin Islands , but before it could catch up with her, Captain Horatio (38) Scott forced her to battle. Having lost the focus and the mizzen masts, Junon surrendered a few minutes after Latona's approach. On the last one there were 6 lightly wounded people, and 2 minutes after the ceasefire, the damaged foremast collapsed. Junon losses amounted to 130 killed and wounded. The sloops Asp and Superieure were the first to find her, the latter and drove her into the hands of Captain Scott. [3] The Latona team was not included in the medals awarded for this battle in 1849. [7] Junon was recaptured by the French in December 1809 .
On April 14, HMS Pompee , HMS Neptune , Latona , HMS Castor and HMS Recruit chased three French ships fleeing from the islands of All Saints. On the afternoon of April 15th, they lost sight of the Neptune , but one of those pursued was only 3 miles away. When night fell, they were about 27 mules to s from Puerto Rico , and at half past three in the morning Latona came to range and started the battle. The enemy, turning to open the field of fire, allowed Pompee to draw closer, and after 1 1/4 hours of the battle, when Pompee became almost uncontrollable, and the enemy was completely uncontrollable, he surrendered. The captured ship turned out to be 74-gun D'Haupoult . [3]
On June 18, Latona took Félicité ( en flûte , 36). [8] Félicité had 42 cannon ports, but only 14 cannons at the opera deck, and a team of only 174 people. She left Guadeloupe accompanied by another frigate, heading for France with a load of sugar and coffee . [3]
1810 - May-July, converted into a 22-gun military transport in Woolwich; new weapons amounted to:
| opera dec | 14 × 9-fn guns |
| quarterdeck | 6 × 18-fn carronade |
| tank | 2 × 6-fn guns |
went into operation in June, the commander (from October acting captain) James Collins ( born James Collins ).
1811 - Commander Charles Sotheby ( English Charles Sotheby ), Lisbon Station.
1812 - April, Captain Edward Rodney. [1] On August 18, an order came to Spithead : Latona and HMS Fox went out as soon as the wind allowed, deliver a small battalion of marines to Cape Makihako ( Bay of Biscay ), lie in a drift and wait for orders from Admiral Sir Popham. [3]
1813 - in the sludge in the Shirness ; Captain Matthew Buckle July, rearmed with 16 × 24-fn carronades; July-October, redone in Shirness under a floating barracks , put in Leith ; December, returned to service, Captain Andrew Smith ( born Andrew Smith , commanded until 1816 ); Flagship Rear Admiral Sir William Johnston Hope in Leyte.
1816 - May 2 sold. [one]
Links
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Winfield, ... p. 207.
- ↑ Fleet Battle and Blockade / R. Gardiner, ed. - P. 55−57.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Ships of the Old Navy: LATONA (38)
- ↑ The Victory of Seapower / R. Gardiner, ed. - P. 67.
- ↑ London Gazette, 16003, 22 February 1807, p. 241−243
- ↑ James, ... p. 5-7.
- ↑ London Gazette, 20939, 26 January 1849, p. 241.
- ↑ James, ... p. 23.
Literature
- James, William. The naval history of Great Britain: from the declaration of war by France in 1793 to the accession of George IV . Richard Bentley, London, 1837.
- The Victory of Seapower. Winning the Napoleonic War 1806-1814 / Robert Gardiner, ed. - London: Chatham Publishing, 1998 .-- 192 p. - ISBN 1-86176-038-8 .
- Winfield, Rif. British Warships in the Age of Sail 1714-1792: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates . London-St.Paul: Seaforth, 2007. ISBN 978-1-84415-700-6