Belosarayskaya Spit ( Ukrainian: Bilosarayska Spit ) is a sand spit in the Ukrainian part of the Sea of Azov , opposite the mouth of the Mokrai Belosarayka River, 25 km west of Mariupol and 12 km south of the Mangush district center, bordering the Gulf of Taganrog from the north and the Belosaraysky Bay from southeast. At the spit is the peak of the Belosaray Bay - Taranya Bay [2] . The length of the spit is about 14 km, the width at the base is 13 km. The surface area of the land is 74 square meters. km, or 7400 ha, water area - 200 ha. It is located in the Mangush region of Donetsk region .
| Belosaray Spit | |
|---|---|
| Ukrainian Bilosarayska Spit | |
 Beach and recreation facilities on it | |
| Specifications | |
| Square | 4.16 km² |
| Highest point | 2.5 [1] m |
| Location | |
| Washer water areas | Belosaray Bay , Taganrog Bay |
| A country |
|
| Region | Donetsk region |
| Area | Mangush district |
Content
Nature
In the 1920s, the spit was part of the system of newly formed reserves [3] . Now on the territory of the spit there is a landscape reserve with an area of 616 hectares. By the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR No. 132 of February 25, 1980, the spit received the status of “ Reserve of national importance ” [4] . The reserve is part of the Meotida National Natural Park.
On the spit you can find salt marshes , small lakes and estuaries . Estuaries are flooded with water in winter, dry out in the spring and summer and overgrown with grass cover. A narrow isthmus, composed of sand-shell deposits, connects the scythe with the mainland. The isthmuses are bordered on the sea side by a surf shaft [5] .
On the spit 217 species of plants grow, including rare and endangered. Estuaries are overgrown with reeds , reeds , cattails , catches , beckmania , sedges . Salt-tolerant plants grow on salt marshes - salt moss , salt marsh aster , solyanka . A giant grate grows on the sand dunes. Between the sand ramparts in depressions, the vegetation is represented by meadow forbs [5] . At the base of the spit is a grove of young trees [2] .
Belosaray Spit is a habitat and nesting site for a large number of birds. Gulls , mallards , waders , geese , swans nest on the spit. In 1995, the Belosaray Ornithological Reserve was created, and the territory of the Belosaray Spit itself was declared a landscape reserve of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The Priazovsky heron, the largest colony of herons in the Northern Azov region, also belongs to the territory of the Belosaray spit [6] .
In coastal waters there are pike perch , goby , bearing , flounder .
Population and Tourism
On the spit there is the village of the same name , the temple of Mary Magdalene , recreation centers, Belosaray lighthouse (laid in 1835), the memorial complex "Walk of Fame", a sturgeon monument, a nudist beach .
In the time of Kievan Rus (IX – XII centuries), the city of Belgorod, famous at that time, stood on this place [7] . In the XIII century, the Tatar-Mongols captured it and renamed it Belosaray. Tatars traded in Belosarai with Genoese and Venetian merchants. Over time, the city fell into decay. During the resettlement of the Greeks in the Sea of Azov, these lands began to be re-developed.
The village is a private sector with one-, two- and three-story buildings.
Since 2005, the village has been actively building cottages, developing tourism infrastructure.
In total, there are 80 recreational facilities on the spit that can serve about 20 thousand people [2] .
Gallery
Washed sandbanks on the spit
A colony of large cormorants and gulls in the Belosaray ornithological reserve
Little white herons in a estuary on a scythe
Belosaray lighthouse
Rural temple
Notes
- ↑ Map sheet L-37-39 Yalta . Scale: 1: 100,000. Status of the terrain for 1989. 1993 edition
- ↑ 1 2 3 Sea of Azov. Coast and beaches (inaccessible link) . Archived on August 22, 2007.
- ↑ Vasilyuk O.V., Kolomіychuk V.P. The stink of boolean persimmon (up to the 90th anniversary of the Nadmorskiy Zapovidnikov // Melitopol Local History Journal, 2016, No. 8, pp. 74-81
- ↑ Protected areas of Donetsk region (Inaccessible link) . Archived December 22, 2007.
- ↑ 1 2 Status and prospects for the development of conservation in the Donetsk region (Unavailable link) . Archived on October 8, 2007.
- ↑ Territory of the Belosaray Spit (Inaccessible link) . Archived on August 9, 2011.
- ↑ Villages of the Belosaray Spit (Unavailable link) . Archived on August 9, 2011.
Literature
- Belosaray Spit // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 tons (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Azov braids // The nature reserve of Donbass / compiled by A.Z. Didova. - 2nd supplemented. - Donetsk: Donbass , 1987. - S. 92-94. - 168 p.
- Belosarayskaya Spit // The nature reserve of Donbass / compiled by A.Z. Didova. - 2nd supplemented. - Donetsk: Donbass , 1987. - S. 94-99. - 168 p.
- Wildlife sanctuaries: Bakiva Krivoi Kos; Berdyansk; Bilosarayska spit; Velikoanadolsky; Єlanchansky tanks; Priazovskiy chapelnik; Rozdolnensky // Donbass reserve: Science.-information. dovnik atlas. 2003.159 s. : il. - S. 55-64.
- Vovk I., Gribanova V. Belosarayskaya Scythe // TV Guide. Special issue. The whole of Donbass. Weekend itineraries. 50 best places for families. - Donetsk, May 2010. - No. 1 . - S. 68-69 .