Akhtyn Beking

Akhtyn bekstvo was a monarchist state formation of the feudal type. Becky included Lezgi villages along the middle course of Samur and the Akhtychaya basin. The end of the existence of becky was marked by a transition from feudal to community relations, which caused the formation of a new state - the Akhtyparin Free Society .

The genealogy of the Akhtyn Bek dynasty begins with the Kaitag usmiy Muhammad, after his death the struggle of sons for power began, in which his son Ilchi-Akhmad lost and fled to Shirvan around 1390 . Later, Ilchi-Ahmad became the head of emirism in Southern Dagestan, designed to protect the northern borders of Shirvan. Then the clan is continued by his son Muhammad-bey, who ruled after the division of emiry by the Akhtynsky and Miskindzhinsky beks. Further, the power passed to his son Khasan-bey, but under his authority there was already only the Akhtyn Bek. The descendants of Ilchi-Ahmad held power in Akhty almost until the very end of the existence of the monarchy (beks), until the beginning of the 17th century . ^[1] List of Akhtyn Beks:

• Hassan bey ibn Muhammad bey (? -1541-?)
• Hussein beck (1568-?)
• Eyyub-bek

In the mid- 15th century , during the reign of Shirvanshah Khalilullah I ( 1417 - 1462 ), emirism was allocated from the Shirvan , with its center in Ihir ^[2] . The territory of emirism included the current Akhtynsky, Kurakhsky , Dokuzparinsky , and part of the Rutulsky districts. The first ruler of emirism was Ilchi-Ahmad Bahadur. After his death, emirism broke up into various beks. Akhtynsky and Miskindzhinsky beks began to manage his son Muhammad-bek. However, after the death of Muhammad-bek, his three sons shared his possessions, Hasan-bek became established in Akhty. In 1495 - 1496 , with the mediation of the Kazikumukh shamkhal, the patronage of Akhtyn Bek over the village of Hryug was established . In the chronicle of Abd al-Khayyah, the battle between the inhabitants of the village of Khryug and the Rutuls, who were in alliance with the Elysian Amirs, is told. Hryugtsy suffered heavy losses. Then their representatives went to Kazikumukh Shamkhal, presented their request to him and told him about their situation. Shamkhal accepted their complaint, and came with their pigs to their village, spoke with the inhabitants of Ahty and established friendship and brotherhood between the pigs and Akhtyns. Shamkhal said to the residents of the village of Akhty: "Provide assistance and assistance to the Khryuga community until the day of judgment, and I am far from them." A contemporary of events writes: “And the Akhtynts and I, like the one brother in misfortune and happiness, became a year ... nine hundred (1494-1495)” ^[3] In 1536 , the Rutul bek in alliance with the Kazikumukh shamshalstvo undertook a campaign against the Akhtyn bekstvo, Akhta was looted. In response, in 1541, the Akhtyn Hassan-bek ibn Muhammad-bek, supported by the ruler of Derbent, Alhas-Mirza ad-Darbandi, attacked, robbed and burned Rutul . In 1542 , the Rutulian Bek, having already secured the support of the Cuban Lezghins, attacked and plundered Akhty again. In the 1560s , the ruler Huseyn-bey appeared in Akhty, under the influence of Shirvan, then Ayyub-bek succeeded him. In 1568 , the Iranian Shah Tahmasp I, lacking sovereignty over Akhtami, appointed him ruler of Bek Shah-Hussein. ^[4] At the beginning of the 17th century, as a result of the de-feodalization of economic relations in the region, the Akhtyn bek transformed into the Akhtypar free society .

1. ↑ Historical geography of South Dagestan of the 16-17th centuries
2. ↑ Mahmoud of Khinalug. Events in Dagestan and Shirvan XIV-XVVv .. - Makhachkala: Dagknigoizdat, 1997.
3. ↑ From the History of Missionary Activities of Kumyk Rulers
4. ↑ Socio-political development of the unions of rural communities of the Samur Valley